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to begin a war against

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1 bellum

bellum (ante-class. and poet. duel-lum), i, n. [Sanscr. dva, dvi, dus; cf. Germ. zwei; Engl. two, twice; for the change from initial du- to b-, cf. bis for duis, and v. the letter B, and Varr. L. L. 5, § 73 Mull.; 7, § 49 ib.], war.
I.
Form duellum: duellum, bellum, videlicet quod duabus partibus de victoria contendentibus dimicatur. Inde est perduellis, qui pertinaciter retinet bellum, Paul. ex Fest. p. 66, 17 Mull.:
bellum antea duellum vocatum eo quod duae sunt dimicantium partes... Postea mutata littera dictum bellum,
Isid. Orig. 18, 1, 9: hos pestis necuit, pars occidit illa duellis, Enn. ap. Prisc. p. 9, 861 P. (Ann. v. 549 Vahl.):
legiones reveniunt domum Exstincto duello maximo atque internecatis hostibus,
Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 35:
quae domi duellique male fecisti,
id. As. 3, 2, 13.—So in archaic style, or in citations from ancient documents:
quique agent rem duelli,
Cic. Leg. 2, 8, 21:
aes atque ferrum, duelli instrumenta,
id. ib. 2, 18, 45 (translated from the Platonic laws):
puro pioque duello quaerendas (res) censeo,
Liv. 1, 32, 12 (quoted from ancient transactions); so,
quod duellum populo Romano cum Carthaginiensi est,
id. 22, 10, 2:
victoriaque duelli populi Romani erit,
id. 23, 11, 2:
si duellum quod cum rege Antiocho sumi populus jussit,
id. 36, 2, 2;
and from an ancient inscription' duello magno dirimendo, etc.,
id. 40, 52, 5.— Poet.:
hic... Pacem duello miscuit,
Hor. C. 3, 5, 38:
cadum Marsi memorem duelli,
id. ib. 3, 14, 18:
vacuum duellis Janum Quirini clausit,
id. ib. 4, 15, 8; cf. id. Ep. 1, 2, 7; 2, 1, 254; 2, 2, 98; Ov. F. 6, 201; Juv. 1, 169— [p. 227]
II.
Form bellum.
A.
War, warfare (abstr.), or a war, the war (concr.), i.e. hostilities between two nations (cf. tumultus).
1.
Specifying the enemy.
a.
By adjj. denoting the nation:
omnibus Punicis Siciliensibusque bellis,
Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 47, § 124:
aliquot annis ante secundum Punicum bellum,
id. Ac. 2, 5, 13:
Britannicum bellum,
id. Att. 4, 16, 13:
Gallicum,
id. Prov. Cons. 14, 35:
Germanicum,
Caes. B. G. 3, 28:
Sabinum,
Liv. 1, 26, 4:
Parthicum,
Vell. 2, 46, 2;
similarly: bellum piraticum,
the war against the pirates, Vell. 2, 33, 1.—Sometimes the adj. refers to the leader or king of the enemy:
Sertorianum bellum,
Cic. Phil. 11, 8, 18:
Mithridaticum,
id. Imp. Pomp. 3, 7:
Jugurthinum,
Hor. Epod. 9, 23; Vell. 2, 11, 1;
similarly: bellum regium,
the war against kings, Cic. Imp. Pomp. 17, 50. —Or it refers to the theatre of the war:
bellum Africanum, Transalpinum,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 10, 28:
Asiaticum,
id. ib. 22, 64:
Africum,
Caes. B. C. 2, 32 fin.:
Actiacum,
Vell. 2, 86, 3:
Hispaniense,
id. 2, 55, 2.—
b.
With gen. of the name of the nation or its leader: bellum Latinorum, the Latin war, i. e. against the Latins, Cic. N. D. 2, 2, 6:
Venetorum,
Caes. B. G. 3, 16:
Helvetiorum,
id. ib. 1, 40 fin.;
1, 30: Ambiorigis,
id. ib. 6, 29, 4:
Pyrrhi, Philippi,
Cic. Phil. 11, 7, 17:
Samnitium,
Liv. 7, 29, 2.—
c.
With cum and abl. of the name.
(α).
Attributively:
cum Jugurtha, cum Cimbris, cum Teutonis bellum,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 20, 60:
belli causa cum Samnitibus,
Liv. 7, 29, 3:
hunc finem bellum cum Philippo habuit,
id. 33, 35, 12:
novum cum Antiocho instabat bellum,
id. 36, 36, 7; cf. id. 35, 40, 1; 38, 58, 8; 39, 1, 8; 44, 14, 7.—
(β).
With cum dependent on the verb:
quia bellum Aetolis esse dixi cum Aliis,
Plaut. Capt. prol. 59:
novi consules... duo bella habuere... alterum cum Tiburtibus,
Liv. 7, 17, 2; esp. with gero, v. 2. b. a infra.—
d.
With adversus and acc. of the name.
(α).
Attributively:
bellum adversus Philippum,
Liv. 31, 1, 8:
bellum populus adversus Vestinos jussit,
id. 8, 29, 6.—
(β).
With adversus dependent on the verb: quod homines populi Hermunduli adversus populum Romanum bellum fecere, Cincius ap. Gell. 16, 14, 1: nos pro vobis bellum suscepimus adversus Philippum. Liv. 31, 31, 18:
ut multo acrius adversus duos quam adversus unum pararet bellum,
id. 45, 11, 8:
bellum quod rex adversus Datamem susceperat,
Nep. Dat. 8, 5.—
e.
With contra and acc.:
cum bellum nefarium contra aras et focos, contra vitam fortunasque nostras... non comparari, sed geri jam viderem,
Cic. Phil. 3, 1, 1:
causam belli contra patriam inferendi,
id. ib. 2, 22, 53.—
f.
With in and acc. (very rare):
Athenienses in Peloponnesios sexto et vicesimo anno bellum gerentes,
Nep. Lys. 1, 1.—
g.
With inter and acc.:
hic finis belli inter Romanos ac Persea fuit,
Liv. 45, 9, 2.—
h.
With apud and acc.:
secutum est bellum gestum apud Mutinam,
Nep. Att. 9, 1.—
k.
With dat. of the enemy after inferre and facere, v. 2. a. k infra.—
2.
With verbs.
a.
Referring to the beginning of the war.
(α).
Bellum movere or commovere, to bring about, stir up a war:
summa erat observatio in bello movendo,
Cic. Off. 1, 11, 37:
bellum commotum a Scapula,
id. Fam. 9, 13, 1:
nuntiabant alii... in Apulia servile bellum moveri,
Sall. C. 30, 2:
is primum Volscis bellum in ducentos amplius... annos movit,
Liv. 1, 53, 2:
insequenti anno Veiens bellum motum,
id. 4, 58, 6:
dii pium movere bellum,
id. 8, 6, 4; cf. Verg. A. 10, 627; id. G. 1, 509; so,
concitare,
Liv. 7, 27, 5; and ciere ( poet.), Verg. A. 1, 541; 6, 829; 12, 158.—
(β).
Bellum parare, comparare, apparare, or se praeparare bello, to prepare a war, or for a war:
cum tam pestiferum bellum pararet,
Cic. Att. 9, 13, 3:
bellum utrimque summopere parabatur,
Liv. 1, 23, 1; cf. id. 45, 11, 8 (v. II. A. 1. d. b supra); Nep. Hann. 2, 6; Quint. 12, 3, 5; Ov. M. 7, 456; so,
parare alicui,
Nep. Alcib. 9, 5:
bellum terra et mari comparat,
Cic. Att. 10, 4, 3:
tantum bellum... Cn. Pompeius extrema hieme apparavit, ineunte vere suscepit, media aestate confecit,
id. Imp. Pomp. 12, 3, 5:
bellum omnium consensu apparari coeptum,
Liv. 4, 55, 7:
numquam imperator ita paci credit, ut non se praeparet bello,
Sen. Vit. Beat. 26, 2.—
(γ).
Bellum differre, to postpone a war:
nec jam poterat bellum differri,
Liv. 2, 30, 7:
mors Hamilcaris et pueritia Hannibalis distulerunt bellum,
id. 21, 2, 3; cf. id. 5, 5, 3.—
(δ).
Bellum sumere, to undertake, begin a war (not in Caesar):
omne bellum sumi facile, ceterum aegerrume desinere,
Sall. J. 83, 1:
prius tamen omnia pati decrevit quam bellum sumere,
id. ib. 20, 5:
de integro bellum sumit,
id. ib. 62, 9:
iis haec maxima ratio belli sumendi fuerat,
Liv. 38, 19, 3:
sumi bellum etiam ab ignavis, strenuissimi cujusque periculo geri,
Tac. H. 4, 69; cf. id. A. 2, 45; 13, 34; 15, 5; 15, 7; id. Agr. 16.—
(ε).
Bellum suscipere (rarely inire), to undertake, commence a war, join in a war:
bellum ita suscipiatur ut nihil nisi pax quaesita videatur,
Cic. Off. 1, 23, 80:
suscipienda quidem bella sunt ob eam causam ut, etc.,
id. ib. 1, 11, 35:
judicavit a plerisque ignoratione... bellum esse susceptum,
join, id. Marcell. 5, 13; id. Imp. Pomp. 12, 35 (v. supra):
cum avertisset plebem a suscipiendo bello,
undertaking, Liv. 4, 58, 14:
senatui cum Camillo agi placuit ut bellum Etruscum susciperet,
id. 6, 9, 5:
bella non causis inita, sed ut eorum merces fuit,
Vell. 2, 3, 3.—
(ζ).
Bellum consentire = bellum consensu decernere, to decree a war by agreement, to ratify a declaration of war (rare):
consensit et senatus bellum,
Liv. 8, 6, 8:
bellum erat consensum,
id. 1, 32, 12.—
(η).
Bellum alicui mandare, committere, decernere, dare, gerendum dare, ad aliquem deferre, or aliquem bello praeficere, praeponere, to assign a war to one as a commander, to give one the chief command in a war:
sed ne tum quidem populus Romanus ad privatum detulit bellum,
Cic. Phil. 11, 8, 18:
populus Romanus consuli... bellum gerendum dedit,
id. ib.:
cur non... eidem... hoc quoque bellum regium committamus?
id. Imp. Pomp. 17, 50:
Camillus cui id bellum mandatum erat,
Liv. 5, 26, 3:
Volscum bellum M. Furio extra ordinem decretum,
id. 6, 22, 6:
Gallicum bellum Popilio extra ordinem datum,
id. 7, 23, 2:
quo die a vobis maritimo bello praepositus est imperator,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 15, 44:
cum ei (bello) imperatorem praeficere possitis, in quo sit eximia belli scientia,
id. ib. 16, 49:
hunc toti bello praefecerunt,
Caes. B. G. 5, 11 fin.:
alicui bellum suscipiendum dare,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 19, 58:
bellum administrandum permittere,
id. ib. 21, 61.—
(θ).
Bellum indicere alicui, to declare war against (the regular expression; coupled with facere in the ancient formula of the pater patratus), also bellum denuntiare: ob eam rem ego... populo Hermundulo... bellum (in)dico facioque, Cincius ap. Gell. 16, 14, 1:
ob eam rem ego populusque Romanus populis... Latinis bellum indico facioque,
Liv. 1, 32, 13:
Corinthiis bellum indicamus an non?
Cic. Inv. 1, 12, 17:
ex quo intellegi potest, nullum bellum esse justum nisi quod aut rebus repetitis geratur, aut denuntiatum ante sit et indictum,
id. Off. 1, 11, 36; id. Rep. 3, 23, 35:
bellum indici posse existimabat,
Liv. 1, 22, 4:
ni reddantur (res) bellum indicere jussos,
id. 1, 22, 6:
ut... nec gererentur solum sed etiam indicerentur bella aliquo ritu, jus... descripsit quo res repetuntur,
id. 1, 32, 5; cf. id. 1, 32, 9; 2, 18, 11; 2, 38, 5; Verg. A. 7, 616.—
(κ).
Bellum inferre alicui (cf. contra aliquem, 1. e. supra; also bellum facere; absol., with dat., or with cum and abl.), to begin a war against ( with), to make war on:
Denseletis nefarium bellum intulisti,
Cic. Pis. 34, 84:
ei civitati bellum indici atque inferri solere,
id. Verr. 2, 1, 31, § 79:
qui sibi Galliaeque bellum intulissent,
Caes. B. G. 4, 16; Nep. Them. 2, 4; Verg. A. 3, 248:
bellumne populo Romano Lampsacena civitas facere conabatur?
Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 31, § 79:
bellum patriae faciet,
id. Mil. 23, 63; id. Cat. 3, 9, 22:
civitatem Eburonum populo Romano bellum facere ausam,
Caes. B. G. 5, 28; cf. id. ib. 7, 2;
3, 29: constituit bellum facere,
Sall. C. 26, 5; 24, 2:
occupant bellum facere,
they are the first to begin the war, Liv. 1, 14, 4:
ut bellum cum Priscis Latinis fieret,
id. 1, 32, 13:
populus Palaepolitanis bellum fieri jussit,
id. 8, 22, 8; cf. Nep. Dion, 4, 3; id. Ages. 2, 1.— Coupled with instruere, to sustain a war:
urbs quae bellum facere atque instruere possit,
Cic. Agr. 2, 28, 77.—Bellum facere had become obsolete at Seneca's time, Sen. Ep. 114, 17.—
(λ).
Bellum oritur or exoritur, a war begins:
subito bellum in Gallia ex, ortum est,
Caes. B. G. 3, 7:
aliud multo propius bellum ortum,
Liv. 1, 14, 4:
Veiens bellum exortum,
id. 2, 53, 1.—

bellum
(ante-class. and poet.
duel-lum
), i, n. [Sanscr. dva, dvi, dus; cf. Germ. zwei; Engl. two, twice; for the change from initial du- to b-, cf. bis for duis, and v. the letter B, and Varr. L. L. 5, § 73 Mull.; 7, § 49 ib.], war.
I.
Form duellum: duellum, bellum, videlicet quod duabus partibus de victoria contendentibus dimicatur. Inde est perduellis, qui pertinaciter retinet bellum, Paul. ex Fest. p. 66, 17 Mull.:
bellum antea duellum vocatum eo quod duae sunt dimicantium partes... Postea mutata littera dictum bellum,
Isid. Orig. 18, 1, 9: hos pestis necuit, pars occidit illa duellis, Enn. ap. Prisc. p. 9, 861 P. (Ann. v. 549 Vahl.):
legiones reveniunt domum Exstincto duello maximo atque internecatis hostibus,
Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 35:
quae domi duellique male fecisti,
id. As. 3, 2, 13.—So in archaic style, or in citations from ancient documents:
quique agent rem duelli,
Cic. Leg. 2, 8, 21:
aes atque ferrum, duelli instrumenta,
id. ib. 2, 18, 45 (translated from the Platonic laws):
puro pioque duello quaerendas (res) censeo,
Liv. 1, 32, 12 (quoted from ancient transactions); so,
quod duellum populo Romano cum Carthaginiensi est,
id. 22, 10, 2:
victoriaque duelli populi Romani erit,
id. 23, 11, 2:
si duellum quod cum rege Antiocho sumi populus jussit,
id. 36, 2, 2;
and from an ancient inscription' duello magno dirimendo, etc.,
id. 40, 52, 5.— Poet.:
hic... Pacem duello miscuit,
Hor. C. 3, 5, 38:
cadum Marsi memorem duelli,
id. ib. 3, 14, 18:
vacuum duellis Janum Quirini clausit,
id. ib. 4, 15, 8; cf. id. Ep. 1, 2, 7; 2, 1, 254; 2, 2, 98; Ov. F. 6, 201; Juv. 1, 169— [p. 227]
II.
Form bellum.
A.
War, warfare (abstr.), or a war, the war (concr.), i.e. hostilities between two nations (cf. tumultus).
1.
Specifying the enemy.
a.
By adjj. denoting the nation:
omnibus Punicis Siciliensibusque bellis,
Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 47, § 124:
aliquot annis ante secundum Punicum bellum,
id. Ac. 2, 5, 13:
Britannicum bellum,
id. Att. 4, 16, 13:
Gallicum,
id. Prov. Cons. 14, 35:
Germanicum,
Caes. B. G. 3, 28:
Sabinum,
Liv. 1, 26, 4:
Parthicum,
Vell. 2, 46, 2;
similarly: bellum piraticum,
the war against the pirates, Vell. 2, 33, 1.—Sometimes the adj. refers to the leader or king of the enemy:
Sertorianum bellum,
Cic. Phil. 11, 8, 18:
Mithridaticum,
id. Imp. Pomp. 3, 7:
Jugurthinum,
Hor. Epod. 9, 23; Vell. 2, 11, 1;
similarly: bellum regium,
the war against kings, Cic. Imp. Pomp. 17, 50. —Or it refers to the theatre of the war:
bellum Africanum, Transalpinum,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 10, 28:
Asiaticum,
id. ib. 22, 64:
Africum,
Caes. B. C. 2, 32 fin.:
Actiacum,
Vell. 2, 86, 3:
Hispaniense,
id. 2, 55, 2.—
b.
With gen. of the name of the nation or its leader: bellum Latinorum, the Latin war, i. e. against the Latins, Cic. N. D. 2, 2, 6:
Venetorum,
Caes. B. G. 3, 16:
Helvetiorum,
id. ib. 1, 40 fin.;
1, 30: Ambiorigis,
id. ib. 6, 29, 4:
Pyrrhi, Philippi,
Cic. Phil. 11, 7, 17:
Samnitium,
Liv. 7, 29, 2.—
c.
With cum and abl. of the name.
(α).
Attributively:
cum Jugurtha, cum Cimbris, cum Teutonis bellum,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 20, 60:
belli causa cum Samnitibus,
Liv. 7, 29, 3:
hunc finem bellum cum Philippo habuit,
id. 33, 35, 12:
novum cum Antiocho instabat bellum,
id. 36, 36, 7; cf. id. 35, 40, 1; 38, 58, 8; 39, 1, 8; 44, 14, 7.—
(β).
With cum dependent on the verb:
quia bellum Aetolis esse dixi cum Aliis,
Plaut. Capt. prol. 59:
novi consules... duo bella habuere... alterum cum Tiburtibus,
Liv. 7, 17, 2; esp. with gero, v. 2. b. a infra.—
d.
With adversus and acc. of the name.
(α).
Attributively:
bellum adversus Philippum,
Liv. 31, 1, 8:
bellum populus adversus Vestinos jussit,
id. 8, 29, 6.—
(β).
With adversus dependent on the verb: quod homines populi Hermunduli adversus populum Romanum bellum fecere, Cincius ap. Gell. 16, 14, 1: nos pro vobis bellum suscepimus adversus Philippum. Liv. 31, 31, 18:
ut multo acrius adversus duos quam adversus unum pararet bellum,
id. 45, 11, 8:
bellum quod rex adversus Datamem susceperat,
Nep. Dat. 8, 5.—
e.
With contra and acc.:
cum bellum nefarium contra aras et focos, contra vitam fortunasque nostras... non comparari, sed geri jam viderem,
Cic. Phil. 3, 1, 1:
causam belli contra patriam inferendi,
id. ib. 2, 22, 53.—
f.
With in and acc. (very rare):
Athenienses in Peloponnesios sexto et vicesimo anno bellum gerentes,
Nep. Lys. 1, 1.—
g.
With inter and acc.:
hic finis belli inter Romanos ac Persea fuit,
Liv. 45, 9, 2.—
h.
With apud and acc.:
secutum est bellum gestum apud Mutinam,
Nep. Att. 9, 1.—
k.
With dat. of the enemy after inferre and facere, v. 2. a. k infra.—
2.
With verbs.
a.
Referring to the beginning of the war.
(α).
Bellum movere or commovere, to bring about, stir up a war:
summa erat observatio in bello movendo,
Cic. Off. 1, 11, 37:
bellum commotum a Scapula,
id. Fam. 9, 13, 1:
nuntiabant alii... in Apulia servile bellum moveri,
Sall. C. 30, 2:
is primum Volscis bellum in ducentos amplius... annos movit,
Liv. 1, 53, 2:
insequenti anno Veiens bellum motum,
id. 4, 58, 6:
dii pium movere bellum,
id. 8, 6, 4; cf. Verg. A. 10, 627; id. G. 1, 509; so,
concitare,
Liv. 7, 27, 5; and ciere ( poet.), Verg. A. 1, 541; 6, 829; 12, 158.—
(β).
Bellum parare, comparare, apparare, or se praeparare bello, to prepare a war, or for a war:
cum tam pestiferum bellum pararet,
Cic. Att. 9, 13, 3:
bellum utrimque summopere parabatur,
Liv. 1, 23, 1; cf. id. 45, 11, 8 (v. II. A. 1. d. b supra); Nep. Hann. 2, 6; Quint. 12, 3, 5; Ov. M. 7, 456; so,
parare alicui,
Nep. Alcib. 9, 5:
bellum terra et mari comparat,
Cic. Att. 10, 4, 3:
tantum bellum... Cn. Pompeius extrema hieme apparavit, ineunte vere suscepit, media aestate confecit,
id. Imp. Pomp. 12, 3, 5:
bellum omnium consensu apparari coeptum,
Liv. 4, 55, 7:
numquam imperator ita paci credit, ut non se praeparet bello,
Sen. Vit. Beat. 26, 2.—
(γ).
Bellum differre, to postpone a war:
nec jam poterat bellum differri,
Liv. 2, 30, 7:
mors Hamilcaris et pueritia Hannibalis distulerunt bellum,
id. 21, 2, 3; cf. id. 5, 5, 3.—
(δ).
Bellum sumere, to undertake, begin a war (not in Caesar):
omne bellum sumi facile, ceterum aegerrume desinere,
Sall. J. 83, 1:
prius tamen omnia pati decrevit quam bellum sumere,
id. ib. 20, 5:
de integro bellum sumit,
id. ib. 62, 9:
iis haec maxima ratio belli sumendi fuerat,
Liv. 38, 19, 3:
sumi bellum etiam ab ignavis, strenuissimi cujusque periculo geri,
Tac. H. 4, 69; cf. id. A. 2, 45; 13, 34; 15, 5; 15, 7; id. Agr. 16.—
(ε).
Bellum suscipere (rarely inire), to undertake, commence a war, join in a war:
bellum ita suscipiatur ut nihil nisi pax quaesita videatur,
Cic. Off. 1, 23, 80:
suscipienda quidem bella sunt ob eam causam ut, etc.,
id. ib. 1, 11, 35:
judicavit a plerisque ignoratione... bellum esse susceptum,
join, id. Marcell. 5, 13; id. Imp. Pomp. 12, 35 (v. supra):
cum avertisset plebem a suscipiendo bello,
undertaking, Liv. 4, 58, 14:
senatui cum Camillo agi placuit ut bellum Etruscum susciperet,
id. 6, 9, 5:
bella non causis inita, sed ut eorum merces fuit,
Vell. 2, 3, 3.—
(ζ).
Bellum consentire = bellum consensu decernere, to decree a war by agreement, to ratify a declaration of war (rare):
consensit et senatus bellum,
Liv. 8, 6, 8:
bellum erat consensum,
id. 1, 32, 12.—
(η).
Bellum alicui mandare, committere, decernere, dare, gerendum dare, ad aliquem deferre, or aliquem bello praeficere, praeponere, to assign a war to one as a commander, to give one the chief command in a war:
sed ne tum quidem populus Romanus ad privatum detulit bellum,
Cic. Phil. 11, 8, 18:
populus Romanus consuli... bellum gerendum dedit,
id. ib.:
cur non... eidem... hoc quoque bellum regium committamus?
id. Imp. Pomp. 17, 50:
Camillus cui id bellum mandatum erat,
Liv. 5, 26, 3:
Volscum bellum M. Furio extra ordinem decretum,
id. 6, 22, 6:
Gallicum bellum Popilio extra ordinem datum,
id. 7, 23, 2:
quo die a vobis maritimo bello praepositus est imperator,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 15, 44:
cum ei (bello) imperatorem praeficere possitis, in quo sit eximia belli scientia,
id. ib. 16, 49:
hunc toti bello praefecerunt,
Caes. B. G. 5, 11 fin.:
alicui bellum suscipiendum dare,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 19, 58:
bellum administrandum permittere,
id. ib. 21, 61.—
(θ).
Bellum indicere alicui, to declare war against (the regular expression; coupled with facere in the ancient formula of the pater patratus), also bellum denuntiare: ob eam rem ego... populo Hermundulo... bellum (in)dico facioque, Cincius ap. Gell. 16, 14, 1:
ob eam rem ego populusque Romanus populis... Latinis bellum indico facioque,
Liv. 1, 32, 13:
Corinthiis bellum indicamus an non?
Cic. Inv. 1, 12, 17:
ex quo intellegi potest, nullum bellum esse justum nisi quod aut rebus repetitis geratur, aut denuntiatum ante sit et indictum,
id. Off. 1, 11, 36; id. Rep. 3, 23, 35:
bellum indici posse existimabat,
Liv. 1, 22, 4:
ni reddantur (res) bellum indicere jussos,
id. 1, 22, 6:
ut... nec gererentur solum sed etiam indicerentur bella aliquo ritu, jus... descripsit quo res repetuntur,
id. 1, 32, 5; cf. id. 1, 32, 9; 2, 18, 11; 2, 38, 5; Verg. A. 7, 616.—
(κ).
Bellum inferre alicui (cf. contra aliquem, 1. e. supra; also bellum facere; absol., with dat., or with cum and abl.), to begin a war against ( with), to make war on:
Denseletis nefarium bellum intulisti,
Cic. Pis. 34, 84:
ei civitati bellum indici atque inferri solere,
id. Verr. 2, 1, 31, § 79:
qui sibi Galliaeque bellum intulissent,
Caes. B. G. 4, 16; Nep. Them. 2, 4; Verg. A. 3, 248:
bellumne populo Romano Lampsacena civitas facere conabatur?
Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 31, § 79:
bellum patriae faciet,
id. Mil. 23, 63; id. Cat. 3, 9, 22:
civitatem Eburonum populo Romano bellum facere ausam,
Caes. B. G. 5, 28; cf. id. ib. 7, 2;
3, 29: constituit bellum facere,
Sall. C. 26, 5; 24, 2:
occupant bellum facere,
they are the first to begin the war, Liv. 1, 14, 4:
ut bellum cum Priscis Latinis fieret,
id. 1, 32, 13:
populus Palaepolitanis bellum fieri jussit,
id. 8, 22, 8; cf. Nep. Dion, 4, 3; id. Ages. 2, 1.— Coupled with instruere, to sustain a war:
urbs quae bellum facere atque instruere possit,
Cic. Agr. 2, 28, 77.—Bellum facere had become obsolete at Seneca's time, Sen. Ep. 114, 17.—
(λ).
Bellum oritur or exoritur, a war begins:
subito bellum in Gallia ex, ortum est,
Caes. B. G. 3, 7:
aliud multo propius bellum ortum,
Liv. 1, 14, 4:
Veiens bellum exortum,
id. 2, 53, 1.—
b.
Referring to the carrying on of the war: bellum gerere, to carry on a war; absol., with cum and abl., per and acc., or in and abl. (cf.:
bellum gerere in aliquem, 1. a. and f. supra): nisi forte ego vobis... cessare nunc videor cum bella non gero,
Cic. Sen. 6, 18:
cum Celtiberis, cum Cimbris bellum ut cum inimicis gerebatur,
id. Off. 1, 12, 38:
cum ei bellum ut cum rege Perse gereret obtigisset,
id. Div. 1, 46, 103:
erant hae difficultates belli gerendi,
Caes. B. G. 3, 10:
bellum cum Germanis gerere constituit,
id. ib. 4, 6:
Cn. Pompeius in extremis terris bellum gerebat,
Sall. C. 16, 5:
bellum quod Hannibale duce Carthaginienses cum populo Romano gessere,
Liv. 21, 1, 1:
alter consul in Sabinis bellum gessit,
id. 2, 62, 3:
de exercitibus per quos id bellum gereretur,
id. 23, 25, 5:
Chabrias bella in Aegypto sua sponte gessit,
Nep. Chabr, 2, 1.—Sometimes bellum administrare only of the commander, Cic. Imp. Pomp. 15, 43; Nep. Chabr. 2, 1. —Also (very rare):
bellum bellare,
Liv. 8, 40, 1 (but belligerantes is absol., Enn. ap. Cic. Off. 1, 12, 38; Ann. v. 201 Vahl.);
in the same sense: bellum agere,
Nep. Hann. 8, 3. —As a synonym:
bello persequi aliquem,
Nep. Con. 4, 1; cf. Liv. 3, 25, 3.—
(β).
Trahere or ducere bellum, to protract a war:
necesse est enim aut trahi id bellum, aut, etc.,
Cic. Att. 10, 8, 2:
bellum trahi non posse,
Sall. J. 23, 2:
belli trahendi causa,
Liv. 5, 11, 8:
morae qua trahebant bellum paenitebat,
id. 9, 27, 5:
suadere institui ut bellum duceret,
Cic. Fam. 7, 3, 2:
bellum enim ducetur,
id. ad Brut. 1, 18, 6; Nep. Alcib. 8, 1; id. Dat. 8, 4;
similarly: cum his molliter et per dilationes bellum geri oportet?
Liv. 5, 5, 1.—
(γ).
Bellum repellere, defendere, or propulsare, to ward off, defend one ' s self against a war:
bellum Gallicum C. Caesare imperatore gestum est, antea tantummodo repulsum,
Cic. Prov. Cons. 13, 32:
quod bellum non intulerit sed defenderit,
Caes. B. G. 1, 44:
Samnitium vix a se ipsis eo tempore propulsantium bellum,
Liv. 8, 37, 5.—
c.
Referring to the end of a war.
(α).
Bellum deponere, ponere, or omittere, to give up, discontinue a war:
in quo (i.e. bello) et gerendo et deponendo jus ut plurimum valeret lege sanximus,
Cic. Leg. 2, 14, 34:
(bellum) cum deponi victores velint,
Sall. J. 83, 1:
bellum decem ferme annis ante depositum erat,
Liv. 31, 1, 8:
nos depositum a vobis bellum et ipsi omisimus,
id. 31, 31, 19:
dicit posse condicionibus bellum poni,
Sall. J. 112, 1:
bellum grave cum Etruria positum est,
id. H. Fragm. 1, 9 Dietsch:
velut posito bello,
Liv. 1, 53, 5:
manere bellum quod positum simuletur,
id. 1, 53, 7:
posito ubique bello,
Tac. H. 2, 52; cf. Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 93; Verg. A. 1, 291:
omisso Romano bello Porsinna filium Arruntem Ariciam... mittit,
Liv. 2, 14, 5.—
(β).
Bellum componere, to end a war by agreement, make peace:
timerent ne bellum componeretur,
Cic. Fam. 10, 33, 3:
si bellum compositum foret,
Sall. J. 97, 2:
belli componendi licentiam,
id. ib. 103, 3; cf. Nep. Ham. 1, 5; id. Hann. 6, 2; id. Alcib. 8, 3; Verg. A. 12, 109;
similarly: bellum sedare,
Nep. Dat. 8, 5.—
(γ).
Bellum conficere, perficere, finire, to finish, end a war; conficere (the most usual term) and perficere, = to finish a war by conquering; finire (rare), without implying success:
is bellum confecerit qui Antonium oppresserit,
Cic. Fam. 11, 12, 2:
bellumque maximum conficies,
id. Rep. 6, 11, 11:
confecto Mithridatico bello,
id. Prov. Cons. 11, 27; cf. id. Fam. 5, 10, 3; id. Imp. Pomp. 14, 42:
quo proelio... bellum Venetorum confectum est,
Caes. B. G. 3, 16; cf. id. ib. 1, 30; 1, 44; 1, 54; 3, 28;
4, 16: bello confecto de Rhodiis consultum est,
Sall. C. 51, 5; cf. id. J. 36, 1; 114, 3:
neminem nisi bello confecto pecuniam petiturum esse,
Liv. 24, 18, 11; cf. id. 21, 40, 11; 23, 6, 2; 31, 47, 4; 32, 32, 6;
36, 2, 3: bello perfecto,
Caes. B. C. 3, 18, 5; Liv. 1, 38, 3:
se quo die hostem vidisset perfecturum (i. e. bellum),
id. 22, 38, 7; 31, 4, 2; cf. id. 3, 24, 1; 34, 6, 12; Just. 5, 2, 11:
neque desiturum ante... quam finitum aliqua tolerabili condicione bellum videro,
Liv. 23, 12, 10: finito ex maxima parte.. [p. 228] italico bello, Vell. 2, 17, 1; Curt. 3, 1, 9; Tac. A. 15, 17; Just. 16, 2, 6; 24, 1, 8; Verg. A. 11, 116.—
d.
Less usual connections:
bellum delere: non modo praesentia sed etiam futura bella delevit,
Cic. Lael. 3, 11; cf. Nep. Alcib. 8, 4:
alere ac fovere bellum,
Liv. 42, 11, 5:
bellum navare alicui,
Tac. H. 5, 25:
spargere,
id. A. 3, 21; id. Agr. 38; Luc. 2, 682:
serere,
Liv. 21, 10, 4:
circumferre,
Tac. A. 13, 37:
exercere,
id. ib. 6, 31:
quam celeriter belli impetus navigavit ( = quam celeriter navale bellum gestum est),
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 12, 34; so Flor. 2, 2, 17:
bellum ascendit in rupes,
id. 4, 12, 4:
bellum serpit in proximos,
id. 2, 9, 4; cf. id. 2, 2, 15:
bella narrare,
Cic. Or. 9, 30:
canere bella,
Quint. 10, 1, 91:
bella legere,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 10, 28.—
3.
As object denoting place or time.
a.
Proficisci ad bellum, to depart for the war.
(α).
Of the commander:
consul sortitu ad bellum profectus,
Cic. Phil. 14, 2, 4; cf. id. Cat. 1, 13, 33:
ipse ad bellum Ambiorigis profectus,
Caes. B. G. 6, 29, 4:
ut duo ex tribunis ad bellum proficiscerentur,
Liv. 4, 45, 7; cf. id. 6, 2, 9: Nep. Alcib. 4, 1; Sall. H. 2, 96 Dietsch. —Post-class.:
in bellum,
Just. 2, 11, 9; Gell. 17, 9, 8.—
(β).
Of persons partaking in a war:
si proficiscerer ad bellum,
Cic. Fam. 7, 3, 1. —
b.
Ad bellum mittere, of the commander, Cic. Imp. Pomp. 17, 50; 21, 62.—
c.
In bella ruere, Verg. A. 7, 782; 9, 182:
in bella sequi,
id. ib. 8, 547.—
d.
Of time.
(α).
In the locative case belli, in war, during war; generally with domi ( = domi militiaeque):
valete, judices justissimi, domi bellique duellatores,
Plaut. Capt. prol. 68; so,
domi duellique,
id. As. 3, 2, 13 (v. I. supra):
quibuscunque rebus vel belli vel domi poterunt rem publicam augeant,
Cic. Off. 2, 24, 85:
paucorum arbitrio belli domique agitabatur,
Sall. J. 41, 7:
animus belli ingens, domi modicus,
id. ib. 63, 2; Liv. 2, 50, 11; 1, 36, 6; so id. 3, 43, 1; cf.:
bello domique,
id. 1, 34, 12:
domi belloque,
id. 9, 26, 21; and:
neque bello, neque domi,
id. 4, 35, 3.—Without domi:
simul rem et gloriam armis belli repperi,
Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 60 (where belli may be taken with gloriam; cf.
Wagn. ad loc.): magnae res temporibus illis a fortissimis viris... belli gerebantur,
Cic. Rep. 2, 32, 86.—
(β).
In bello or in bellis, during war or wars, in the war, in the wars; with adj.:
ad haec quae in civili bello fecerit,
Cic. Phil. 2, 19, 47; cf. id. ib. 14, 8, 22:
in ipso bello eadem sensi,
id. Marcell. 5, 14:
in Volsco bello virtus enituit,
Liv. 2, 24, 8:
in eo bello,
id. 23, 46, 6:
in Punicis bellis, Plin.8, 14, 14, § 37: in bello Trojano,
id. 30, 1, 2, § 5.—Without adj.:
ut fit in bello, capitur alter filius,
Plaut. Capt. prol. 25:
qui in bello occiderunt,
Cic. Fam. 9, 5, 2:
quod in bello saepius vindicatum est in eos, etc.,
Sall. C. 9, 4:
non in bello solum, sed etiam in pace,
Liv. 1, 15, 8; 2, 23, 2:
in bello parta,
Quint. 5, 10, 42; 12, 1, 28.—
(γ).
Abl. bello or bellis = in bello or in bellis (freq.); with adjj.: nos semper omnibus Punicis Siciliensibusque bellis amicitiam fidemque populi Romani secuti sumus. Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 47, § 124:
bello Italico,
id. Pis. 36, 87:
Veienti bello,
id. Div. 1, 44, 100:
domestico bello,
id. Planc. 29, 70:
qui Volsco, Aurunco Sabinoque militassent bello,
Liv. 23, 12, 11:
victor tot intra paucos dies bellis,
id. 2, 27, 1:
nullo bello, multis tamen proeliis victus,
id. 9, 18, 9:
bello civili,
Quint. 11, 1, 36.—With gen.:
praesentiam saepe divi suam declarant, ut et apud Regillum bello Latinorum,
Cic. N. D. 2, 2, 6:
suam felicitatem Helvetiorum bello esse perspectam,
Caes. B. G. 1, 40.—Without attrib.:
qui etiam bello victis regibus regna reddere consuevit,
Cic. Sest. 26, 57:
res pace belloque gestas,
Liv. 2, 1, 1:
egregieque rebus bello gestis,
id. 1, 33, 9; so id. 23, 12, 11:
ludi bello voti,
id. 4, 35. 3:
princeps pace belloque,
id. 7, 1, 9:
Cotyn bello juvisse Persea,
id. 45, 42, 7:
bello parta,
Quint. 5, 10, 15; cf. id. 7, 4, 22; Ov. M. 8, 19.—
(δ).
Inter bellum (rare):
cujus originis morem necesse est... inter bellum natum esse,
Liv. 2, 14, 2:
inter haec bella consules... facti,
id. 2, 63, 1.—
4.
Bellum in attributive connection.
a.
Justum bellum.
(α).
A righteous war, Cic. Off. 1, 11, 36 (v. II. A. 2. a. th supra):
justum piumque bellum,
Liv. 1, 23, 4:
non loquor apud recusantem justa bella populum,
id. 7, 30, 17; so Ov. M. 8, 58; cf.: illa injusta sunt bella quae sine causa suscepta sunt, Cic. Rep. 3, 23, 35.—
(β).
A regular war (opp. a raid, etc.):
in fines Romanos excucurrerunt, populabundi magis quam justi more belli,
Liv. 1, 15, 1.—
b.
For the different kinds of war: domesticum, civile, intestinum, externum, navale, maritimum, terra marique gestum, servile, sociale; v. hh. vv.—
c.
Belli eventus or exitus, the result of a war:
quicunque belli eventus fuisset,
Cic. Marcell. 8, 24:
haud sane alio animo belli eventum exspectabant,
Sall. C. 37, 9:
eventus tamen belli minus miserabilem dimicationem fecit,
Liv. 1, 23, 2; cf. id. 7, 11, 1:
exitus hujus calamitosissimi belli,
Cic. Fam. 6, 21, 1:
cum esset incertus exitus et anceps fortuna belli,
id. Marcell. 5, 15; so id. Off. 2, 8,:
Britannici belli exitus exspectatur,
id. Att. 4, 16, 13:
cetera bella maximeque Veiens incerti exitus erant,
Liv. 5, 16, 8.—
d.
Fortuna belli, the chances of war:
adeo varia fortuna belli ancepsque Mars fuit ut,
Liv. 21, 1, 2; cf. Cic. Marcell. 5, 15 (v. c. supra).—
e.
Belli artes, military skill:
cuilibet superiorum regum belli pacisque et artibus et gloria par,
Liv. 1, 35, 1:
haud ignotas belli artes,
id. 21, 1, 2:
temperata et belli et pacis artibus erat civitas,
id. 1, 21, 6.—
f.
Jus belli, the law of war: jura belli, the rights ( law) of war:
in re publica maxime servanda sunt jura belli,
Cic. Off. 1, 11, 34:
sunt et belli sicut pacis jura,
Liv. 5, 27, 6:
jure belli res vindicatur,
Gai. Inst. 3, 94.—
g.
Belli duces praestantissimos, the most excellent captains, generals, Cic. Or. 1, 2, 7:
trium simul bellorum victor,
a victor in three wars, Liv. 6, 4, 1 (cf.:
victor tot bellis,
id. 2, 27, 1). —
h.
Belli vulnera, Cic. Marcell. 8, 24.—
B.
Transf.
1.
Of things concr. and abstr.:
qui parietibus, qui tectis, qui columnis ac postibus meis... bellum intulistis,
Cic. Dom. 23, 60:
bellum contra aras et focos,
id. Phil. 3, 1, 1:
miror cur philosophiae... bellum indixeris,
id. Or. 2, 37, 155:
ventri Indico bellum,
Hor. S. 1, 5, 8.—
2.
Of animals:
milvo est quoddam bellum quasi naturale cum corvo,
Cic. N. D. 2, 49, 125:
hanc Juno Esse jussit gruem, populisque suis indicere bellum,
Ov. M. 6, 92.—
3.
With individuals:
quid mihi opu'st... cum eis gerere bellum, etc.,
Plaut. Stich. 1, 2, 14:
nihil turpius quam cum eo bellum gerere quicum familiariter vixeris,
Cic. Lael. 21, 77:
cum mihi uni cum improbis aeternum videam bellum susceptum,
id. Sull. 9, 28:
hoc tibi juventus Romana indicimus bellum,
Liv. 2, 12, 11:
falsum testem justo ac pio bello persequebatur,
id. 3, 25, 3:
tribunicium domi bellum patres territat,
id. 3, 24, 1; cf. Plin. Ep. 1, 2, 57.—Ironically:
equus Trojanus qui tot invictos viros muliebre bellum gerentes tulerit ac texerit,
Cic. Cael. 28, 67.—
4.
In mal. part., Hor. C. 3, 26, 3; 4, 1, 2.—
5.
Personified as god of war ( = Janus):
tabulas duas quae Belli faciem pictam habent,
Plin. 35, 4, 10, § 27:
sunt geminae Belli portae, etc.,
Verg. A. 7, 607:
mortiferumque averso in limine Bellum,
id. ib. 6, 279.—
6.
Plur.: bella, army ( poet.):
permanet Aonius Nereus violentus in undis, Bellaque non transfert (i.e. Graecorum exercitum),
Ov. M. 12, 24:
sed victae fera bella deae vexere per aequora,
Sil. 7, 472:
quid faciat bellis obsessus et undis?
Stat. Th. 9, 490.—
7.
Battle, = proelium:
rorarii dicti a rore: qui bellum committebant ante,
Varr. L. L. 7, 3, 92:
quod in bello saepius vindicatum in eos qui... tardius, revocati, bello excesserant,
Sall. C. 9, 4:
praecipua laus ejus belli penes consules fuit,
Liv. 8, 10, 7:
commisso statim bello,
Front. Strat. 1, 11, 2:
Actia bella,
Verg. A. 8, 675:
ingentem pugnam, ceu cetera nusquam Bella forent,
id. ib. 2, 439; cf. Flor. 3, 5, 11; Just. 2, 12; 18, 1 fin.; 24, 8; Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 98 (form duellum); Ov. H. 1, 1, 69; Verg. A. 8, 547; 12, 390; 12, 633; Stat. Th. 3, 666. —
8.
Bellum = liber de bello:
quam gaudebat Bello suo Punico Naevius!
Cic. Sen. 14, 50.
b.
Referring to the carrying on of the war: bellum gerere, to carry on a war; absol., with cum and abl., per and acc., or in and abl. (cf.:
bellum gerere in aliquem, 1. a. and f. supra): nisi forte ego vobis... cessare nunc videor cum bella non gero,
Cic. Sen. 6, 18:
cum Celtiberis, cum Cimbris bellum ut cum inimicis gerebatur,
id. Off. 1, 12, 38:
cum ei bellum ut cum rege Perse gereret obtigisset,
id. Div. 1, 46, 103:
erant hae difficultates belli gerendi,
Caes. B. G. 3, 10:
bellum cum Germanis gerere constituit,
id. ib. 4, 6:
Cn. Pompeius in extremis terris bellum gerebat,
Sall. C. 16, 5:
bellum quod Hannibale duce Carthaginienses cum populo Romano gessere,
Liv. 21, 1, 1:
alter consul in Sabinis bellum gessit,
id. 2, 62, 3:
de exercitibus per quos id bellum gereretur,
id. 23, 25, 5:
Chabrias bella in Aegypto sua sponte gessit,
Nep. Chabr, 2, 1.—Sometimes bellum administrare only of the commander, Cic. Imp. Pomp. 15, 43; Nep. Chabr. 2, 1. —Also (very rare):
bellum bellare,
Liv. 8, 40, 1 (but belligerantes is absol., Enn. ap. Cic. Off. 1, 12, 38; Ann. v. 201 Vahl.);
in the same sense: bellum agere,
Nep. Hann. 8, 3. —As a synonym:
bello persequi aliquem,
Nep. Con. 4, 1; cf. Liv. 3, 25, 3.—
(β).
Trahere or ducere bellum, to protract a war:
necesse est enim aut trahi id bellum, aut, etc.,
Cic. Att. 10, 8, 2:
bellum trahi non posse,
Sall. J. 23, 2:
belli trahendi causa,
Liv. 5, 11, 8:
morae qua trahebant bellum paenitebat,
id. 9, 27, 5:
suadere institui ut bellum duceret,
Cic. Fam. 7, 3, 2:
bellum enim ducetur,
id. ad Brut. 1, 18, 6; Nep. Alcib. 8, 1; id. Dat. 8, 4;
similarly: cum his molliter et per dilationes bellum geri oportet?
Liv. 5, 5, 1.—
(γ).
Bellum repellere, defendere, or propulsare, to ward off, defend one ' s self against a war:
bellum Gallicum C. Caesare imperatore gestum est, antea tantummodo repulsum,
Cic. Prov. Cons. 13, 32:
quod bellum non intulerit sed defenderit,
Caes. B. G. 1, 44:
Samnitium vix a se ipsis eo tempore propulsantium bellum,
Liv. 8, 37, 5.—
c.
Referring to the end of a war.
(α).
Bellum deponere, ponere, or omittere, to give up, discontinue a war:
in quo (i.e. bello) et gerendo et deponendo jus ut plurimum valeret lege sanximus,
Cic. Leg. 2, 14, 34:
(bellum) cum deponi victores velint,
Sall. J. 83, 1:
bellum decem ferme annis ante depositum erat,
Liv. 31, 1, 8:
nos depositum a vobis bellum et ipsi omisimus,
id. 31, 31, 19:
dicit posse condicionibus bellum poni,
Sall. J. 112, 1:
bellum grave cum Etruria positum est,
id. H. Fragm. 1, 9 Dietsch:
velut posito bello,
Liv. 1, 53, 5:
manere bellum quod positum simuletur,
id. 1, 53, 7:
posito ubique bello,
Tac. H. 2, 52; cf. Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 93; Verg. A. 1, 291:
omisso Romano bello Porsinna filium Arruntem Ariciam... mittit,
Liv. 2, 14, 5.—
(β).
Bellum componere, to end a war by agreement, make peace:
timerent ne bellum componeretur,
Cic. Fam. 10, 33, 3:
si bellum compositum foret,
Sall. J. 97, 2:
belli componendi licentiam,
id. ib. 103, 3; cf. Nep. Ham. 1, 5; id. Hann. 6, 2; id. Alcib. 8, 3; Verg. A. 12, 109;
similarly: bellum sedare,
Nep. Dat. 8, 5.—
(γ).
Bellum conficere, perficere, finire, to finish, end a war; conficere (the most usual term) and perficere, = to finish a war by conquering; finire (rare), without implying success:
is bellum confecerit qui Antonium oppresserit,
Cic. Fam. 11, 12, 2:
bellumque maximum conficies,
id. Rep. 6, 11, 11:
confecto Mithridatico bello,
id. Prov. Cons. 11, 27; cf. id. Fam. 5, 10, 3; id. Imp. Pomp. 14, 42:
quo proelio... bellum Venetorum confectum est,
Caes. B. G. 3, 16; cf. id. ib. 1, 30; 1, 44; 1, 54; 3, 28;
4, 16: bello confecto de Rhodiis consultum est,
Sall. C. 51, 5; cf. id. J. 36, 1; 114, 3:
neminem nisi bello confecto pecuniam petiturum esse,
Liv. 24, 18, 11; cf. id. 21, 40, 11; 23, 6, 2; 31, 47, 4; 32, 32, 6;
36, 2, 3: bello perfecto,
Caes. B. C. 3, 18, 5; Liv. 1, 38, 3:
se quo die hostem vidisset perfecturum (i. e. bellum),
id. 22, 38, 7; 31, 4, 2; cf. id. 3, 24, 1; 34, 6, 12; Just. 5, 2, 11:
neque desiturum ante... quam finitum aliqua tolerabili condicione bellum videro,
Liv. 23, 12, 10: finito ex maxima parte.. [p. 228] italico bello, Vell. 2, 17, 1; Curt. 3, 1, 9; Tac. A. 15, 17; Just. 16, 2, 6; 24, 1, 8; Verg. A. 11, 116.—
d.
Less usual connections:
bellum delere: non modo praesentia sed etiam futura bella delevit,
Cic. Lael. 3, 11; cf. Nep. Alcib. 8, 4:
alere ac fovere bellum,
Liv. 42, 11, 5:
bellum navare alicui,
Tac. H. 5, 25:
spargere,
id. A. 3, 21; id. Agr. 38; Luc. 2, 682:
serere,
Liv. 21, 10, 4:
circumferre,
Tac. A. 13, 37:
exercere,
id. ib. 6, 31:
quam celeriter belli impetus navigavit ( = quam celeriter navale bellum gestum est),
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 12, 34; so Flor. 2, 2, 17:
bellum ascendit in rupes,
id. 4, 12, 4:
bellum serpit in proximos,
id. 2, 9, 4; cf. id. 2, 2, 15:
bella narrare,
Cic. Or. 9, 30:
canere bella,
Quint. 10, 1, 91:
bella legere,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 10, 28.—
3.
As object denoting place or time.
a.
Proficisci ad bellum, to depart for the war.
(α).
Of the commander:
consul sortitu ad bellum profectus,
Cic. Phil. 14, 2, 4; cf. id. Cat. 1, 13, 33:
ipse ad bellum Ambiorigis profectus,
Caes. B. G. 6, 29, 4:
ut duo ex tribunis ad bellum proficiscerentur,
Liv. 4, 45, 7; cf. id. 6, 2, 9: Nep. Alcib. 4, 1; Sall. H. 2, 96 Dietsch. —Post-class.:
in bellum,
Just. 2, 11, 9; Gell. 17, 9, 8.—
(β).
Of persons partaking in a war:
si proficiscerer ad bellum,
Cic. Fam. 7, 3, 1. —
b.
Ad bellum mittere, of the commander, Cic. Imp. Pomp. 17, 50; 21, 62.—
c.
In bella ruere, Verg. A. 7, 782; 9, 182:
in bella sequi,
id. ib. 8, 547.—
d.
Of time.
(α).
In the locative case belli, in war, during war; generally with domi ( = domi militiaeque):
valete, judices justissimi, domi bellique duellatores,
Plaut. Capt. prol. 68; so,
domi duellique,
id. As. 3, 2, 13 (v. I. supra):
quibuscunque rebus vel belli vel domi poterunt rem publicam augeant,
Cic. Off. 2, 24, 85:
paucorum arbitrio belli domique agitabatur,
Sall. J. 41, 7:
animus belli ingens, domi modicus,
id. ib. 63, 2; Liv. 2, 50, 11; 1, 36, 6; so id. 3, 43, 1; cf.:
bello domique,
id. 1, 34, 12:
domi belloque,
id. 9, 26, 21; and:
neque bello, neque domi,
id. 4, 35, 3.—Without domi:
simul rem et gloriam armis belli repperi,
Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 60 (where belli may be taken with gloriam; cf.
Wagn. ad loc.): magnae res temporibus illis a fortissimis viris... belli gerebantur,
Cic. Rep. 2, 32, 86.—
(β).
In bello or in bellis, during war or wars, in the war, in the wars; with adj.:
ad haec quae in civili bello fecerit,
Cic. Phil. 2, 19, 47; cf. id. ib. 14, 8, 22:
in ipso bello eadem sensi,
id. Marcell. 5, 14:
in Volsco bello virtus enituit,
Liv. 2, 24, 8:
in eo bello,
id. 23, 46, 6:
in Punicis bellis, Plin.8, 14, 14, § 37: in bello Trojano,
id. 30, 1, 2, § 5.—Without adj.:
ut fit in bello, capitur alter filius,
Plaut. Capt. prol. 25:
qui in bello occiderunt,
Cic. Fam. 9, 5, 2:
quod in bello saepius vindicatum est in eos, etc.,
Sall. C. 9, 4:
non in bello solum, sed etiam in pace,
Liv. 1, 15, 8; 2, 23, 2:
in bello parta,
Quint. 5, 10, 42; 12, 1, 28.—
(γ).
Abl. bello or bellis = in bello or in bellis (freq.); with adjj.: nos semper omnibus Punicis Siciliensibusque bellis amicitiam fidemque populi Romani secuti sumus. Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 47, § 124:
bello Italico,
id. Pis. 36, 87:
Veienti bello,
id. Div. 1, 44, 100:
domestico bello,
id. Planc. 29, 70:
qui Volsco, Aurunco Sabinoque militassent bello,
Liv. 23, 12, 11:
victor tot intra paucos dies bellis,
id. 2, 27, 1:
nullo bello, multis tamen proeliis victus,
id. 9, 18, 9:
bello civili,
Quint. 11, 1, 36.—With gen.:
praesentiam saepe divi suam declarant, ut et apud Regillum bello Latinorum,
Cic. N. D. 2, 2, 6:
suam felicitatem Helvetiorum bello esse perspectam,
Caes. B. G. 1, 40.—Without attrib.:
qui etiam bello victis regibus regna reddere consuevit,
Cic. Sest. 26, 57:
res pace belloque gestas,
Liv. 2, 1, 1:
egregieque rebus bello gestis,
id. 1, 33, 9; so id. 23, 12, 11:
ludi bello voti,
id. 4, 35. 3:
princeps pace belloque,
id. 7, 1, 9:
Cotyn bello juvisse Persea,
id. 45, 42, 7:
bello parta,
Quint. 5, 10, 15; cf. id. 7, 4, 22; Ov. M. 8, 19.—
(δ).
Inter bellum (rare):
cujus originis morem necesse est... inter bellum natum esse,
Liv. 2, 14, 2:
inter haec bella consules... facti,
id. 2, 63, 1.—
4.
Bellum in attributive connection.
a.
Justum bellum.
(α).
A righteous war, Cic. Off. 1, 11, 36 (v. II. A. 2. a. th supra):
justum piumque bellum,
Liv. 1, 23, 4:
non loquor apud recusantem justa bella populum,
id. 7, 30, 17; so Ov. M. 8, 58; cf.: illa injusta sunt bella quae sine causa suscepta sunt, Cic. Rep. 3, 23, 35.—
(β).
A regular war (opp. a raid, etc.):
in fines Romanos excucurrerunt, populabundi magis quam justi more belli,
Liv. 1, 15, 1.—
b.
For the different kinds of war: domesticum, civile, intestinum, externum, navale, maritimum, terra marique gestum, servile, sociale; v. hh. vv.—
c.
Belli eventus or exitus, the result of a war:
quicunque belli eventus fuisset,
Cic. Marcell. 8, 24:
haud sane alio animo belli eventum exspectabant,
Sall. C. 37, 9:
eventus tamen belli minus miserabilem dimicationem fecit,
Liv. 1, 23, 2; cf. id. 7, 11, 1:
exitus hujus calamitosissimi belli,
Cic. Fam. 6, 21, 1:
cum esset incertus exitus et anceps fortuna belli,
id. Marcell. 5, 15; so id. Off. 2, 8,:
Britannici belli exitus exspectatur,
id. Att. 4, 16, 13:
cetera bella maximeque Veiens incerti exitus erant,
Liv. 5, 16, 8.—
d.
Fortuna belli, the chances of war:
adeo varia fortuna belli ancepsque Mars fuit ut,
Liv. 21, 1, 2; cf. Cic. Marcell. 5, 15 (v. c. supra).—
e.
Belli artes, military skill:
cuilibet superiorum regum belli pacisque et artibus et gloria par,
Liv. 1, 35, 1:
haud ignotas belli artes,
id. 21, 1, 2:
temperata et belli et pacis artibus erat civitas,
id. 1, 21, 6.—
f.
Jus belli, the law of war: jura belli, the rights ( law) of war:
in re publica maxime servanda sunt jura belli,
Cic. Off. 1, 11, 34:
sunt et belli sicut pacis jura,
Liv. 5, 27, 6:
jure belli res vindicatur,
Gai. Inst. 3, 94.—
g.
Belli duces praestantissimos, the most excellent captains, generals, Cic. Or. 1, 2, 7:
trium simul bellorum victor,
a victor in three wars, Liv. 6, 4, 1 (cf.:
victor tot bellis,
id. 2, 27, 1). —
h.
Belli vulnera, Cic. Marcell. 8, 24.—
B.
Transf.
1.
Of things concr. and abstr.:
qui parietibus, qui tectis, qui columnis ac postibus meis... bellum intulistis,
Cic. Dom. 23, 60:
bellum contra aras et focos,
id. Phil. 3, 1, 1:
miror cur philosophiae... bellum indixeris,
id. Or. 2, 37, 155:
ventri Indico bellum,
Hor. S. 1, 5, 8.—
2.
Of animals:
milvo est quoddam bellum quasi naturale cum corvo,
Cic. N. D. 2, 49, 125:
hanc Juno Esse jussit gruem, populisque suis indicere bellum,
Ov. M. 6, 92.—
3.
With individuals:
quid mihi opu'st... cum eis gerere bellum, etc.,
Plaut. Stich. 1, 2, 14:
nihil turpius quam cum eo bellum gerere quicum familiariter vixeris,
Cic. Lael. 21, 77:
cum mihi uni cum improbis aeternum videam bellum susceptum,
id. Sull. 9, 28:
hoc tibi juventus Romana indicimus bellum,
Liv. 2, 12, 11:
falsum testem justo ac pio bello persequebatur,
id. 3, 25, 3:
tribunicium domi bellum patres territat,
id. 3, 24, 1; cf. Plin. Ep. 1, 2, 57.—Ironically:
equus Trojanus qui tot invictos viros muliebre bellum gerentes tulerit ac texerit,
Cic. Cael. 28, 67.—
4.
In mal. part., Hor. C. 3, 26, 3; 4, 1, 2.—
5.
Personified as god of war ( = Janus):
tabulas duas quae Belli faciem pictam habent,
Plin. 35, 4, 10, § 27:
sunt geminae Belli portae, etc.,
Verg. A. 7, 607:
mortiferumque averso in limine Bellum,
id. ib. 6, 279.—
6.
Plur.: bella, army ( poet.):
permanet Aonius Nereus violentus in undis, Bellaque non transfert (i.e. Graecorum exercitum),
Ov. M. 12, 24:
sed victae fera bella deae vexere per aequora,
Sil. 7, 472:
quid faciat bellis obsessus et undis?
Stat. Th. 9, 490.—
7.
Battle, = proelium:
rorarii dicti a rore: qui bellum committebant ante,
Varr. L. L. 7, 3, 92:
quod in bello saepius vindicatum in eos qui... tardius, revocati, bello excesserant,
Sall. C. 9, 4:
praecipua laus ejus belli penes consules fuit,
Liv. 8, 10, 7:
commisso statim bello,
Front. Strat. 1, 11, 2:
Actia bella,
Verg. A. 8, 675:
ingentem pugnam, ceu cetera nusquam Bella forent,
id. ib. 2, 439; cf. Flor. 3, 5, 11; Just. 2, 12; 18, 1 fin.; 24, 8; Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 98 (form duellum); Ov. H. 1, 1, 69; Verg. A. 8, 547; 12, 390; 12, 633; Stat. Th. 3, 666. —
8.
Bellum = liber de bello:
quam gaudebat Bello suo Punico Naevius!
Cic. Sen. 14, 50.

Lewis & Short latin dictionary > bellum
2 Б-148

ОБЪЯВЛЯТЬ/ОБЪЯВИТЬ БОЙ чему VP subj: human or collect fixed WO
to initiate a struggle, begin taking organized action (against sth. - usu. some negative phenomenon)

X объявил бой Y-y = X declared war on Y
X waged war against (on) Y X began a campaign against Y X started a crusade against Y.
Директор заявил, что пора объявить бой пьянству. The director announced that it was time to declare war on drunkenness.

Большой русско-английский фразеологический словарь > Б-148
3 объявить бой

• ОБЪЯВЛЯТЬ/ОБЪЯВИТЬ БОЙ чему

[VP; subj: human or collect; fixed WO]

=====

⇒ to initiate a struggle, begin taking organized action (against sth. - usu. some negative phenomenon):

- X объявил бой Y-y ≈ X declared war on Y;

- X waged war against <on> Y;

- X began a campaign against Y;

- X started a crusade against Y.

♦ Директор заявил, что пора объявить бой пьянству. The director announced that it was time to declare war on drunkenness.

Большой русско-английский фразеологический словарь > объявить бой
4 объявлять бой

• ОБЪЯВЛЯТЬ/ОБЪЯВИТЬ БОЙ чему

[VP; subj: human or collect; fixed WO]

=====

⇒ to initiate a struggle, begin taking organized action (against sth. - usu. some negative phenomenon):

- X объявил бой Y-y ≈ X declared war on Y;

- X waged war against <on> Y;

- X began a campaign against Y;

- X started a crusade against Y.

♦ Директор заявил, что пора объявить бой пьянству. The director announced that it was time to declare war on drunkenness.

Большой русско-английский фразеологический словарь > объявлять бой
5 action

n

1) действие, мера, шаг, выступление, акция

2) юр. судебное дело; иск

3) воен. боевые действия; бой, сражение

•

to adopt another course of action — переменить тактику

to avoid disciplinary action — избежать дисциплинарного взыскания

to be in power to take actions — быть в силах принять меры

to be listed missing in action — считаться без вести пропавшим

to begin legal action against smb — подавать в суд на кого-л.

to bolster international actions against a country — подкреплять международные меры против какой-л. страны

to bring into action — 1) бросать / вводить в бой 2) приводить в действие

to bring legal action against smb — возбуждать дело против кого-л.; подавать в суд на кого-л.

to call for actions against smb — призывать к действиям против кого-л.

to call off one's industrial action — отменять забастовку

to carry out terrorist actions — осуществлять террористические акты / акты террора

to cease military action — прекращать военные действия

to come out of action — выходить из боя

to condemn smb's actions — осуждать чьи-л. действия / шаги

to connive at aggressive actions — попустительствовать агрессивным действиям, закрывать глаза на агрессивные действия

to contemplate actions — намечать меры / шаги

to coordinate actions — координировать действия

to decide upon military action — принимать решение о применении военных мер

to defend one's actions — оправдывать свои действия

to defer military action — откладывать военные действия

to demand actions — требовать принятия мер

to dismiss an action — прекращать / закрывать дело

to drop an action — отказываться от иска

to elaborate a line of action — вырабатывать линию поведения

to end one's strike action — прекращать забастовку

to enter legal action against smb — возбуждать дело против кого-л.

to expose smb's actions — разоблачать чьи-л. действия

to fight a rearguard action — 1) воен. вести арьергардные бои 2) делать последние попытки отстоять свою позицию

to focus international action on smth — сосредотачивать международную деятельность на чем-л.

to go into action — вступать в бой

to harmonize the actions of states — согласовывать действия государств

to incite smb to action — побуждать / подстрекать кого-л. к действию

to initiate action(s) — начинать действие, приступать к действиям

to institute legal action against smb — возбуждать дело против кого-л.

to invalidate actions — аннулировать / лишать юридической силы какие-л. действия / меры / шаги

to judge people by their actions — судить о людях по их поступкам

to launch a provocative actions — предпринимать провокационные действия

to lift an action — отменять какую-л. акцию / меру

to lose one's court action — проигрывать дело в суде

to plan further actions — планировать дальнейшие акции / шаги

to pledge to take actions — обязываться предпринять меры / шаги

to preclude any actions — предотвращать / исключать любые действия

to press for actions — настаивать на принятии мер

to prevent smb's actions — пресекать чьи-л. действия

to prod smb into actions — подталкивать кого-л. к действиям

to promote actions — способствовать действиям

to propose a course of actions — предлагать план действий

to pursue legal action against smb — возбуждать дело против кого-л.

to pursue military action — вести военные действия

to put into action — вводить в действие

to put smb out of action — выводить кого-л. из строя

to refrain from any actions — воздерживаться от каких-л. действий

to regard smb's actions as... — рассматривать чьи-л. действия как...

to remove discriminatory actions — отменять дискриминационные меры

to resort to forcible actions — прибегать к насильственным действиям

to shrink from taking actions — уклоняться от принятия мер

to spark off the latest wave of legislative action — служить толчком к последней волне законодательной активности

to spur smb into action — подталкивать / подстрекать кого-л. к действиям

to start an action — возбуждать судебный процесс

to step up social action — усиливать социальную активность

to sting smb into actions — подталкивать кого-л. к действиям

to suit the actions to the word — подкреплять слова делами

to support smb's actions — поддерживать чьи-л. действия

to take actions against smb (on smth) — принимать меры против кого-л.

to take legal action against smb — подавать в суд на кого-л.; привлекать кого-л. к судебной ответственности; возбуждать дело против кого-л.

to threaten industrial action — угрожать забастовкой

to throw planes and warships in action — бросать в бой самолеты и корабли

to translate smth into a positive action — претворять что-л. в дела

to undermine smb's concerted actions — подрывать чьи-л. согласованные действия

to undertake diplomatic actions — предпринимать дипломатические шаги

to uphold smb's actions — поддерживать чьи-л. действия

to use extreme actions — прибегать к крайним мерам

to win an action — выигрывать дело в суде

to wink at aggressive actions — попустительствовать агрессивным действиям, закрывать глаза на агрессивные действия

to work out a joint actions against smb — разрабатывать совместные действия против кого-л.

- action against a country
- action against separatism
- action against terrorism
- action at law
- action for damages
- Action on Smoking and Health
- actions match one's words
- adventurous actions
- affirmative action
- aggressive actions
- anti-government actions
- anti-monopoly actions
- anti-NATO actions
- anti-racist actions
- anti-war actions
- appropriate actions
- arbitrary police actions
- armed actions
- ASH
- at risk of vindictive actions from smb
- barbarous actions
- brutal actions
- civic action
- civil action
- collective actions
- combined actions
- concerted actions
- congressional actions
- coordinated actions
- coordination of actions
- counter action
- course of action
- court action
- covert actions
- criminal action
- decisive actions
- delaying actions
- deliberate action
- democratic actions
- diplomatic action
- direct action
- disciplinary action against smb
- disciplinary action
- dishonorable action
- disunity of actions
- drastic actions
- effective actions
- efficiency of actions
- emergence actions
- enemy actions
- energetic actions
- enforcement actions
- escalation of military actions
- executive action
- external action
- field of action

- firm actions
- follow-up actions
- formal actions
- friendly action
- full-scale actions
- government actions
- harsh actions
- hasty actions
- heavy-handed actions
- high-handed actions
- holding actions
- illegal actions
- illegitimate actions
- immediate actions
- in action
- indirect action
- injurious actions
- integrated actions
- international actions
- job action
- joint actions
- killed in action
- lawful actions
- lawless actions
- legal action
- legislative actions
- legitimate actions
- limited industrial action
- line of action
- MIA
- militant actions
- military action
- missing in action
- more overt actions
- multilateral actions
- national action
- nationwide action
- nonreversible actions
- nonviolent actions
- one-sided actions
- open action
- overt action against smb
- peace action
- plan of actions
- police actions
- police took no action
- political action
- popular action
- positive actions
- powerful actions
- precipitate actions
- predatory actions
- preventive actions
- prompt actions
- protest action
- provocative action
- punitive action
- radical actions
- rash actions
- rearguard action
- reciprocal actions
- reflex actions
- renunciation of forcible actions
- repressive actions
- resolute actions
- retaliatory actions
- reversible actions
- revolutionary actions
- secondary actions
- separate actions
- social actions
- sordid actions
- sphere of action

- splitting actions
- spontaneous actions
- strike action
- strikers have ended their action
- strong actions
- subversive actions
- sweeping security action
- swift actions
- sympathetic action
- targeted action
- terrorist action
- timely actions
- tit-for-tat action
- tough actions
- treacherous action
- unconstitutional actions
- unilateral actions
- united actions
- unity of actions
- urgent actions
- vigorous actions
- violent actions
- wave of student action

Politics english-russian dictionary > action
6 infero

in-fĕro, intŭli, illātum, inferre, v. a., to carry, bring, put, or throw into or to a place (class.); constr. with in and acc., ad, or the dat.
I.
Lit.
(α).
With in and acc.: in equum, to bring or set upon a horse, Caes. B. G. 6, 29:
coronam in curiam,
Liv. 44, 14, 3:
Scipio lecticula in aciem inlatus,
id. 24, 42, 5:
in portum quinqueremes,
id. 28, 17, 5; cf. id. 26, 21, 6; 10, 2, 13:
arma in Italiam,
Nep. Ham. 4, 2:
bello in provinciam illato,
Cic. Fam. 15, 2, 1; id. Sest. 27, 58; Liv. 9, 25, 2.—
(β).
With dat.:
semina arvis,
Tac. A. 11, 54:
fontes urbi,
id. ib. 11, 13; cf.: pedem aliquo, to go or proceed to a place, Cic. Caecin. 14, 39:
spolia opima templo,
id. 4, 20.—
(γ).
With ad:
scalas ad moenia,
to set against the walls, Liv. 32, 24, 5.—
(δ).
Absol.:
inferri mensam secundam jussi,
to be served up, Plin. 9, 35, 58, § 120:
gressus,
Verg. G. 4, 360.—
B.
To throw upon, apply to any thing; esp. of fire, to set fire to:
tectis et templis ignes inferre conati sunt,
to set fire to, Cic. Cat. 3, 9, 22; cf.:
aliquid in ignem,
Caes. B. G. 6, 18.—
C.
In partic.
1.
To bring to a place for burial, to bury, inter:
ne quis sepulcra deleat, neve alienum inferat,
Cic. Leg. 2, 26, 64:
reliquias ejus majorum tumulis inferri jussit,
Just. 11, 15.—
2.
To furnish, pay (a tribute or tax):
tributum alicui,
Col. 1, 1, 11:
vicesimam,
Plin. Pan. 39, 6:
septingenta milia aerario inferenda,
id. Ep. 2, 11, 20.—
3.
To give in, enter (an account):
sumptum civibus,
Cic. Fl. 19, 45:
rationes falsas,
id. ib. 9, 20:
rationibus,
to bring into account, Col. 1, 7, 7:
aliquid in rationes,
Dig. 34, 3, 12.—
4.
Milit.: signa (arma) in hostem, or hosti, to bear the standards against the enemy, to attack, make an attack upon:
conversa signa in hostes inferre,
to wheel about and attack, Caes. B. G. 2, 26; Liv. 6, 29, 2; 9, 27, 12; saep. with dat.:
trepidantibus inferunt signa Romani,
id. 3, 18, 8; 8, 30, 7; Curt. 8, 14, 15:
signa patriae urbi,
Cic. Fl. 2, 5; Liv. 28, 3, 13; so,
inferre arma,
Nep. Dat. 6, 5:
pedem,
to advance, attack, Liv. 10, 33, 4; so,
gradum: gradum acrius intulere Romani,
id. 35, 1, 9:
bellum alicui,
to make war upon, to wage war against, Cic. Pis. 34:
bellum Italiae,
id. Att. 9, 1, 3:
bellum contra patriam,
id. Phil. 2, 22, 53:
arma,
to begin a war, commence hostilities, Liv. 1, 30, 8.—
5.
Se, to betake one ' s self to, repair to, go into, enter, esp. with the accessory notion of haste and rapidity.— With dat.: visa vi quadam sua inferunt sese hominibus noscitanda, present, offer themselves, Gell. 19, 1, 15:
lucus erat, quo se Numa sine arbitris inferebat,
Liv. 1, 21, 3:
se foribus,
Verg. A. 11, 36:
se flammae,
Vell. 2, 74.—With a play upon I. b, supra:
me inferre Veneri vovi jam jentaculum (cf. the context),
Plaut. Curc. 1, 1, 72.—With in and acc.: se in periculum capitis atque in vitae discrimen, to rush upon, expose one ' s self to, Cic. Balb. 10, 25:
cum se in mediam contionem intulisset,
Liv. 5, 43, 8; 4, 33, 7; 7, 17, 5; 24, 16, 1 al. — Absol.:
viden' ignavum, ut se inferat!
how he struts! how proudly he walks! Plaut. Mil. 4, 2, 54:
ut magnifice infert sese,
id. Ps. 4, 1, 7:
atque etiam se ipse inferebat,
presented himself, came unbidden, Cic. Caecin. 5; Liv. 2, 30, 13; 22, 5, 5; Tac. H. 4, 66; id. Agr. 37; Curt. 4, 12, 14 al.—
II.
Trop.
A.
In gen., to bring forward, introduce; to produce, make, excite, occasion, cause, inflict:
in re severa delicatum aliquem inferre sermonem,
Cic. Off. 1, 40, 144:
mentionem,
to make mention, to mention, Liv. 4, 1, 2:
spem alicui,
Caes. B. G. 2, 25:
quam maximum terrorem hostibus,
id. ib. 7, 8:
alicui injuriam,
id. ib. 54; Val. Max. 8, 1, 6; cf.:
injuriis in socios nostros inferendis,
Cic. Sest. 27, 58:
calamitatem,
Caes. B. G. 1, 12:
turpitudines,
Cic. Phil. 14, 3, 9:
crimen proditionis alicui,
id. Verr. 2, 5, 41, § 106:
periculum civibus,
id. Sest. 1, 2:
probrum castis, labem integris, infamiam bonis,
id. Cael. 18, 42:
moram et impedimentum alicui rei,
id. Inv. 1, 9, 12:
mortem alicui per scelus,
id. Mil. 7, 17:
pestilentiam agris,
Liv. 5, 14, 3: vim vitae suae, to lay violent hands upon one ' s self, Vell. 2, 45:
vim et manus alicui,
Cic. Cat. 1, 8, 21:
vim alicui,
Tac. A. 15, 5; Suet. Claud. 16; 37:
vulnera hostibus,
to give wounds to, to wound, Caes. B. C. 2, 6:
delectari criminibus inferendis,
Cic. Lael. 18, 65:
litem capitis in aliquem,
id. Clu. 41, 116:
alicui crimen proditionis,
id. Verr. 2, 5, 41, § 106: judicium, to judge (post-class.), Dig. 5, 2, 4:
prima peregrinos obscena pecunia mores intulit,
Juv. 6, 299. —
B.
In partic., to conclude, infer, draw an inference, Cic. Inv. 1, 47, 87; Quint. 5, 11, 27.

Lewis & Short latin dictionary > infero
7 бой

I муж.
1) battle, combat, fight, fighting, action;
struggle (борьба) брать боем, брать с бою ≈ to take by assault/storm/force готовый к бою ≈ combat-ready;
(в боевом порядке) in battalia поле боя ≈ battlefield район боя ≈ battle-ground пострадавший в бою ≈ battle-scarred проверенный в бою ≈ battle-tested умело действующий в бою ≈ battlewise в бою ≈ in action вводить в бой ≈ commit to battle вступать в бой ≈ engage воен. воздушный бой ≈ air fight;
разг. dogfight бой на прорыв ≈ break-out battle введение в бой ≈ commitment to action вводить в бой ≈ to bring into action, to put into action вести бой ≈ to combat;
to batter разг. встречный бой ≈ encounter attack, encounter battle;
meeting engagement амер. вступать в бой ≈ to go into action выйти из боя ≈ to come out of action;
to disengage, to go out of action;
to break off combat к бою! ≈ action!;
bear for action! кучность боя ≈ accuracy of hits навязывать бой ≈ to offer battle начать бой ≈ to start the fight отход с боем ≈ fight in retreat пасть в бою ≈ to be killed in action, to fall in action потери в бою ≈ battle casualties принимать бой ≈ to accept battle рукопашный бой ≈ close fight, hand-to-hand fight, hand-to-hand fighting;
head-to-head амер. связь в бою ≈ combat liaison уклоняться от боя ≈ to avoid action, to refuse battle уличный бой ≈ street fighting управление с боем ≈ control of operations ход боя ≈ course of action шум боя ≈ roar/din of the battle приготовиться к бою ≈ clear the decks for action мор. выходить из боя ≈ disengage воен. арьергардный бой ≈ rearguard action штыковой бой ≈ bayonet fighting артиллерийский бой ≈ artillery engagement
2) разг. (побои) beating бить смертным боем ≈ to thrash within an inch of one's life ∙ бой не на жизнь, а на смерть ≈ battle a outrance объявлять бой ≈ to declare war (on) ;
to begin a campaign (against) рваться в бой ≈ to chafe at the bit, to strain at the leash, to be spoiling for a fight, to be champing at the bit II муж.;
только ед. ( разбивание, битая посуда и т. п.) breakage III муж.;
только ед. beat;
chime, strike (часов) бой часов часы с боем барабанный бой

м.
1. (битва, сражение) battle, engagement, action;
(небольшой) fight, combat;
бои местного значения local engagements;
по всему фронту идут бои fighting is going on along the whole front;
воздушный ~ aerial engagement, air battle;
(небольшой) air fight;
разведка боем fighting reconnaissance;
принять ~ fight*, accept battle;
ввести в ~ новые силы bring* fresh forces into action;

2. (борьба, состязание) fight, fighting;
кулачный ~ fisticuffs;
~ быков bullfight;
спорт. bout;

3. (убой) staughter;

4. (разбивание) breaking;

5. собир. (разбитая посуда) breakage;

6. ~ часов striking of a clock;
the chimes pl. ;
часы с боем a striking clock;
взять что-л. с боем take* smth. by assault;
перен. have* to fight for smth. ;
уступить без боя give* up without a fight;
бить кого-л. смертным боем beat* smb. within an inch of his, her life.

Большой англо-русский и русско-английский словарь > бой
8 бой

I муж.
1) battle, combat, fight, fighting, action; struggle ( борьба)

брать боем, брать с бою — to take by assault/storm/force

готовый к бою — combat-ready; ( в боевом порядке) in battalia

поле боя — battlefield

район боя — battle-ground

пострадавший в бою — battle-scarred

проверенный в бою — battle-tested

умело действующий в бою — battlewise

в бою — in action

вводить в бой — commit to battle

вступать в бой — engage воен.

связь в бою — combat liaison

артиллерийский бой — artillery engagement

арьергардный бой — rearguard action

бой на прорыв — break-out battle

введение в бой — commitment to action

вводить в бой — to bring into action, to put into action

вести бой — to combat; to batter разг.

воздушный бой — air fight; разг. dogfight

встречный бой — encounter attack, encounter battle; meeting engagement амер.

вступать в бой — to go into action

выйти из боя — to come out of action; to disengage, to go out of action; to break off combat

выходить из боя — disengage воен.

к бою! — action!; bear for action!

кучность боя — accuracy of hits

навязывать бой — to offer battle

начать бой — to start the fight

отход с боем — fight in retreat

пасть в бою — to be killed in action, to fall in action

потери в бою — battle casualties

приготовиться к бою — clear the decks for action мор.

принимать бой — to accept battle

рукопашный бой — close fight, hand-to-hand fight, hand-to-hand fighting; head-to-head амер.

уличный бой — street fighting

управление с боем — control of operations

ход боя — course of action

штыковой бой — bayonet fighting

шум боя — roar/din of the battle

2) разг. ( побои) beating

бить смертным боем — to thrash within an inch of one's life

••

бой не на жизнь, а на смерть — battle a outrance

объявлять бой — to declare war (on); to begin a campaign (against)

рваться в бой — to chafe at the bit, to strain at the leash, to be spoiling for a fight, to be champing at the bit
II муж.; только ед.
( разбивание, битая посуда и т. п.) breakage
III муж.; только ед.
beat; chime, strike ( часов)

- барабанный бой
- бой часов
- часы с боем

Русско-английский словарь по общей лексике > бой
9 Chronology

15,000-3,000 BCE Paleolithic cultures in western Portugal.

400-200 BCE Greek and Carthaginian trade settlements on coast.

202 BCE Roman armies invade ancient Lusitania.

137 BCE Intensive Romanization of Lusitania begins.

410 CE Germanic tribes — Suevi and Visigoths—begin conquest of Roman Lusitania and Galicia.

714—16 Muslims begin conquest of Visigothic Lusitania.

1034 Christian Reconquest frontier reaches Mondego River.

1064 Christians conquer Coimbra.

1139 Burgundian Count Afonso Henriques proclaims himself king of Portugal; birth of Portugal. Battle of Ourique: Afonso Henriques defeats Muslims.

1147 With English Crusaders' help, Portuguese seize Lisbon from Muslims.

1179 Papacy formally recognizes Portugal's independence (Pope Alexander III).

1226 Campaign to reclaim Alentejo from Muslims begins.

1249 Last Muslim city (Silves) falls to Portuguese Army.

1381 Beginning of third war between Castile and Portugal.

1383 Master of Aviz, João, proclaimed regent by Lisbon populace.

1385 April: Master of Aviz, João I, proclaimed king of Portugal by Cortes of Coimbra. 14 August: Battle of Aljubarrota, Castilians defeated by royal forces, with assistance of English army.

1394 Birth of "Prince Henry the Navigator," son of King João I.

1415 Beginning of overseas expansion as Portugal captures Moroccan city of Ceuta.

1419 Discovery of Madeira Islands.

1425-28 Prince D. Pedro, older brother of Prince Henry, travels in Europe.

1427 Discovery (or rediscovery?) of Azores Islands.

1434 Prince Henry the Navigator's ships pass beyond Cape Bojador, West Africa.

1437 Disaster at Tangier, Morocco, as Portuguese fail to capture city.

1441 First African slaves from western Africa reach Portugal.

1460 Death of Prince Henry. Portuguese reach what is now Senegal, West Africa.

1470s Portuguese explore West African coast and reach what is now Ghana and Nigeria and begin colonizing islands of São Tomé and Príncipe.

1479 Treaty of Alcáçovas between kings of Portugal and Spain.

1482 Portuguese establish post at São Jorge da Mina, Gold Coast (now Ghana).

1482-83 Portuguese navigator Diogo Cão reaches mouth of Congo River and Angola.

1488 Navigator Bartolomeu Dias rounds Cape of Good Hope, South Africa, and finds route to Indian Ocean.

1492-93 Columbus's first voyage to West Indies.

1493 Columbus visits Azores and Portugal on return from first voyage; tells of discovery of New World. Treaty of Tordesillas signed between kings of Portugal and Spain: delimits spheres of conquest with line 370 leagues west of Cape Verde Islands (claimed by Portugal); Portugal's sphere to east of line includes, in effect, Brazil.

   King Manuel I and Royal Council decide to continue seeking all-water route around Africa to Asia.

   King Manuel I expels unconverted Jews from Portugal.

1497-99 Epic voyage of Vasco da Gama from Portugal around Africa to west India, successful completion of sea route to Asia project; da Gama returns to Portugal with samples of Asian spices.

1500 Bound for India, Navigator Pedro Álvares Cabral "discovers" coast of Brazil and claims it for Portugal.

1506 Anti-Jewish riots in Lisbon.

   Battle of Diu, India; Portugal's command of Indian Ocean assured for some time with Francisco de Almeida's naval victory over Egyptian and Gujerati fleets.

   Afonso de Albuquerque conquers Goa, India; beginning of Portuguese hegemony in south Asia.

   Portuguese conquest of Malacca; commerce in Spice Islands.

1519 Magellan begins circumnavigation voyage.

1536 Inquisition begins in Portugal.

1543 Portuguese merchants reach Japan.

1557 Portuguese merchants granted Chinese territory of Macau for trading factory.

1572 Luís de Camões publishes epic poem, Os Lusíadas.

1578 Battle of Alcácer-Quivir; Moroccan forces defeat army of King Sebastião of Portugal; King Sebastião dies in battle. Portuguese succession crisis.

1580 King Phillip II of Spain claims and conquers Portugal; Spanish rule of Portugal, 1580-1640.

1607-24 Dutch conquer sections of Asia and Brazil formerly held by Portugal.

1640 1 December: Portuguese revolution in Lisbon overthrows Spanish rule, restores independence. Beginning of Portugal's Braganza royal dynasty.

1654 Following Dutch invasions and conquest of parts of Brazil and Angola, Dutch expelled by force.

1661 Anglo-Portuguese Alliance treaty signed: England pledges to defend Portugal "as if it were England itself." Queen Catherine of Bra-ganza marries England's Charles II.

1668 February: In Portuguese-Spanish peace treaty, Spain recognizes independence of Portugal, thus ending 28-year War of Restoration.

1703 Methuen Treaties signed, key commercial trade agreement and defense treaty between England and Portugal.

1750 Pombal becomes chief minister of King José I.

1755 1 November: Massive Lisbon earthquake, tidal wave, and fire.

1759 Expulsion of Jesuits from Portugal and colonies.

1761 Slavery abolished in continental Portugal.

1769 Abandonment of Mazagão, Morocco, last Portuguese outpost.

1777 Pombal dismissed as chief minister by Queen Maria I, after death of José I.

1791 Portugal and United States establish full diplomatic relations.

1807 November: First Napoleonic invasion; French forces under Junot conquer Portugal. Royal family flees to colony of Brazil and remains there until 1821.

1809 Second French invasion of Portugal under General Soult.

1811 Third French invasion of Portugal under General Masséna.

1813 Following British general Wellington's military victories, French forces evacuate Portugal.

1817 Liberal, constitutional movements against absolutist monarchist rule break out in Brazil (Pernambuco) and Portugal (Lisbon, under General Gomes Freire); crushed by government. British marshal of Portugal's army, Beresford, rules Portugal.

   Liberal insurrection in army officer corps breaks out in Cadiz, Spain, and influences similar movement in Portugal's armed forces first in Oporto.

   King João VI returns from Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, and early draft of constitution; era of constitutional monarchy begins.

1822 7 September: João VI's son Pedro proclaims independence of

   Brazil from Portugal and is named emperor. 23 September: Constitution of 1822 ratified.

   Portugal recognizes sovereign independence of Brazil.

   King João VI dies; power struggle for throne ensues between his sons, brothers Pedro and Miguel; Pedro, emperor of Brazil, abdicates Portuguese throne in favor of his daughter, D. Maria II, too young to assume crown. By agreement, Miguel, uncle of D. Maria, is to accept constitution and rule in her stead.

1828 Miguel takes throne and abolishes constitution. Sections of Portugal rebel against Miguelite rule.

1831 Emperor Pedro abdicates throne of Brazil and returns to Portugal to expel King Miguel from Portuguese throne.

1832-34 Civil war between absolutist King Miguel and constitutionalist Pedro, who abandons throne of Brazil to restore his young daughter Maria to throne of Portugal; Miguel's armed forces defeated by those of Pedro. Miguel leaves for exile and constitution (1826 Charter) is restored.

1834-53 Constitutional monarchy consolidated under rule of Queen Maria II, who dies in 1853.

1851-71 Regeneration period of economic development and political stability; public works projects sponsored by Minister Fontes Pereira de Melo.

1871-90 Rotativism period of alternating party governments; achieves political stability and less military intervention in politics and government. Expansion of colonial territory in tropical Africa.

   January: Following territorial dispute in central Africa, Britain delivers "Ultimatum" to Portugal demanding withdrawal of Portugal's forces from what is now Malawi and Zimbabwe. Portugal's government, humiliated in accepting demand under threat of a diplomatic break, falls. Beginning of governmental and political instability; monarchist decline and republicanism's rise.

   Anglo-Portuguese treaties signed relating to delimitation of frontiers in colonial Africa.

1899 Treaty of Windsor; renewal of Anglo-Portuguese defense and friendship alliance.

1903 Triumphal visit of King Edward VII to Portugal.

1906 Politician João Franco supported by King Carlos I in dictatorship to restore order and reform.

1908 1 February: Murder in Lisbon of King Carlos I and his heir apparent, Prince Dom Luís, by Portuguese anarchists. Eighteen-year-old King Manuel II assumes throne.

1910 3-5 October: Following republican-led military insurrection in armed forces, monarchy falls and first Portuguese republic is proclaimed. Beginning of unstable, economically troubled, parliamentary republic form of government.

   May: Violent insurrection in Lisbon overturns government of General Pimenta de Castro; nearly a thousand casualties from several days of armed combat in capital.

   March: Following Portugal's honoring ally Britain's request to confiscate German shipping in Portuguese harbors, Germany declares war on Portugal; Portugal enters World War I on Allied side.

   Portugal organizes and dispatches Portuguese Expeditionary Corps to fight on the Western Front. 9 April: Portuguese forces mauled by German offensive in Battle of Lys. Food rationing and riots in Lisbon. Portuguese military operations in Mozambique against German expedition's invasion from German East Africa. 5 December: Authoritarian, presidentialist government under Major Sidónio Pais takes power in Lisbon, following a successful military coup.

1918 11 November: Armistice brings cessation of hostilities on Western Front in World War I. Portuguese expeditionary forces stationed in Angola, Mozambique, and Flanders begin return trip to Portugal. 14 December: President Sidónio Pais assassinated. Chaotic period of ephemeral civil war ensues.

1919-21 Excessively unstable political period, including January

1919 abortive effort of Portuguese monarchists to restore Braganza dynasty to power. Republican forces prevail, but level of public violence, economic distress, and deprivation remains high.

1921 October: Political violence attains peak with murder of former prime minister and other prominent political figures in Lisbon. Sectors of armed forces and Guarda Nacional Republicana are mutinous. Year of financial and corruption scandals, including Portuguese bank note (fraud) case; military court acquits guilty military insurrectionists, and one military judge declares "the country is sick."

   28 May: Republic overthrown by military coup or pronunciamento and conspiracy among officer corps. Parliament's doors locked and parliament closed for nearly nine years to January 1935. End of parliamentary republic, Western Europe's most unstable political system in this century, beginning of the Portuguese dictatorship, after 1930 known as the Estado Novo. Officer corps assumes reins of government, initiates military censorship of the press, and suppresses opposition.

   February: Military dictatorship under General Óscar Carmona crushes failed republican armed insurrection in Oporto and Lisbon.

   April: Military dictatorship names Professor Antônio de Oliveira Salazar minister of finance, with dictatorial powers over budget, to stabilize finances and rebuild economy. Insurrectionism among military elements continues into 1931.

1930 Dr. Salazar named minister for colonies and announces balanced budgets. Salazar consolidates support by various means, including creation of official regime "movement," the National Union. Salazar engineers Colonial Act to ensure Lisbon's control of bankrupt African colonies by means of new fiscal controls and centralization of authority. July: Military dictatorship names Salazar prime minister for first time, and cabinet composition undergoes civilianization; academic colleagues and protégés plan conservative reform and rejuvenation of society, polity, and economy. Regime comes to be called the Estado Novo (New State). New State's constitution ratified by new parliament, the National Assembly; Portugal described in document as "unitary, corporative Republic" and governance influenced by Salazar's stern personality and doctrines such as integralism, Catholicism, and fiscal conservatism.

1936 Violent instability and ensuing civil war in neighboring Spain, soon internationalized by fascist and communist intervention, shake Estado Novo regime. Pseudofascist period of regime features creation of imitation Fascist institutions to defend regime from leftist threats; Portugal institutes "Portuguese Youth" and "Portuguese Legion."

1939 3 September: Prime Minister Salazar declares Portugal's neutrality in World War II. October: Anglo-Portuguese agreement grants naval and air base facilities to Britain and later to United States for Battle of the Atlantic and Normandy invasion support. Third Reich protests breach of Portugal's neutrality.

   6 June: On day of Allies' Normandy invasion, Portugal suspends mining and export of wolfram ore to both sides in war.

   8 May: Popular celebrations of Allied victory and Fascist defeat in Lisbon and Oporto coincide with Victory in Europe Day. Following managed elections for Estado Novo's National Assembly in November, regime police, renamed PIDE, with increased powers, represses opposition.

1947 Abortive military coup in central Portugal easily crushed by regime. Independence of India and initiation of Indian protests against Portuguese colonial rule in Goa and other enclaves.

1949 Portugal becomes founding member of NATO.

1951 Portugal alters constitution and renames overseas colonies "Overseas Provinces." Portugal and United States sign military base agreements for use of air and naval facilities in Azores Islands and military aid to Lisbon. President Carmona dies in office, succeeded by General Craveiro Lopes (1951-58). July: Indians occupy enclave of Portuguese India (dependency of Damão) by means of passive resistance movement. August: Indian passive resistance movement in Portuguese India repelled by Portuguese forces with loss of life. December: With U.S. backing, Portugal admitted as member of United Nations (along with Spain). Air force general Humberto Delgado, in opposition, challenges Estado Novo's hand-picked successor to Craveiro Lopes, Admiral Américo Tomás. Delgado rallies coalition of democratic, liberal, and communist opposition but loses rigged election and later flees to exile in Brazil. Portugal joins European Free Trade Association (EFTA).

   January and February: Estado Novo rocked by armed African insurrection in northern Angola, crushed by armed forces. Hijacking of Portuguese ocean liner by ally of Delgado, Captain Henrique Galvão. April: Salazar defeats attempted military coup and reshuffles cabinet with group of younger figures who seek to reform colonial rule and strengthen the regime's image abroad. 18 December: Indian army rapidly defeats Portugal's defense force in Goa, Damão, and Diu and incorporates Portugal's Indian possessions into Indian Union. January: Abortive military coup in Beja, Portugal.

1965 February: General Delgado and his Brazilian secretary murdered and secretly buried near Spanish frontier by political police, PIDE.

1968 August and September: Prime Minister Salazar, aged 79, suffers crippling stoke. President Tomás names former cabinet officer Marcello Caetano as Salazar's successor. Caetano institutes modest reforms in Portugal and overseas.

1971 Caetano government ratifies amended constitution that allows slight devolution and autonomy to overseas provinces in Africa and Asia. Right-wing loyalists oppose reforms in Portugal. 25 April: Military coup engineered by Armed Forces Movement overthrows Estado Novo and establishes provisional government emphasizing democratization, development, and decolonization. Limited resistance by loyalists. President Tomás and Premier Caetano flown to exile first in Madeira and then in Brazil. General Spínola appointed president. September: Revolution moves to left, as President Spínola, thwarted in his program, resigns.

   March: Military coup by conservative forces fails, and leftist response includes nationalization of major portion of economy. Polarization between forces and parties of left and right. 25 November: Military coup by moderate military elements thwarts leftist forces. Constituent Assembly prepares constitution. Revolution moves from left to center and then right.

   March: Constitution ratified by Assembly of the Republic. 25 April: Second general legislative election gives largest share of seats to Socialist Party (PS). Former oppositionist lawyer, Mário Soares, elected deputy and named prime minister.

1977-85 Political pendulum of democratic Portugal moves from center-left to center-right, as Social Democratic Party (PSD) increases hold on assembly and take office under Prime Minister Cavaco Silva. July

1985 elections give edge to PSD who advocate strong free-enterprise measures and revision of leftist-generated 1976 Constitution, amended modestly in 1982.

1986 January: Portugal joins European Economic Community (EEC).

1987 July: General, legislative elections for assembly give more than 50 percent to PSD led by Prime Minister Cavaco Silva. For first time, since 1974, Portugal has a working majority government.

1989 June: Following revisions of 1976 Constitution, reprivatization of economy begins, under PS government.

   January: Presidential elections, Mário Soares reelected for second term. July: General, legislative elections for assembly result in new PSD victory and majority government.

   January-July: Portugal holds presidency of the Council of the European Economic Community (EEC). December: Tariff barriers fall as fully integrated Common Market established in the EEC.

   November: Treaty of Maastricht comes into force. The EEC officially becomes the European Union (EU). Portugal is signatory with 11 other member-nations.

   October: General, legislative elections for assembly result in PS victory and naming of Prime Minister Guterres. PS replace PSD as leading political party. November: Excavations for Lisbon bank uncover ancient Phoenician, Roman, and Christian ruins.

   January: General, presidential elections; socialist Jorge Sampaio defeats PSD's Cavaco Silva and assumes presidency from Dr. Mário Soares. July: Community of Portuguese Languages Countries (CPLP) cofounded by Portugal and Brazil.

   May-September: Expo '98 held in Lisbon. Opening of Vasco da Gama Bridge across Tagus River, Europe's longest (17 kilometers/ 11 miles). June: National referendum on abortion law change defeated after low voter turnout. November: National referendum on regionaliza-tion and devolution of power defeated after another low voter turnout.

   October: General, legislative elections: PS victory over PSD lacks clear majority in parliament. Following East Timor referendum, which votes for independence and withdrawal of Indonesia, outburst of popular outrage in streets, media, and communications of Portugal approves armed intervention and administration of United Nations (and withdrawal of Indonesia) in East Timor. Portugal and Indonesia restore diplomatic relations. December: A Special Territory since 1975, Colony of Macau transferred to sovereignty of People's Republic of China.

   January-June: Portugal holds presidency of the Council of the EU; end of Discoveries Historical Commemoration Cycle (1988-2000).

   United Nations forces continue to occupy and administer former colony of East Timor, with Portugal's approval.

   January: General, presidential elections; PS president Sampaio reelected for second term. City of Oporto, "European City of Culture" for the year, hosts arts festival. December: Municipal elections: PSD defeats PS; socialist prime minister Guterres resigns; President Sampaio calls March parliamentary elections.

   1 January: Portugal enters single European Currency system. Euro currency adopted and ceases use of former national currency, the escudo. March: Parliamentary elections; PSD defeats PS and José Durão Barroso becomes prime minister. Military modernization law passed. Portugal holds chairmanship of Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE).

   May: Municipal law passed permitting municipalities to reorganize in new ways.

   June: Prime Minister Durão Barroso, invited to succeed Romano Prodi as president of EU Commission, resigns. Pedro Santana Lopes becomes prime minister. European Parliament elections held. Conscription for national service in army and navy ended. Mass grave uncovered at Academy of Sciences Museum, Lisbon, revealing remains of several thousand victims of Lisbon earthquake, 1755.

   February: Parliamentary elections; PS defeats PSD, socialists win first absolute majority in parliament since 1975. José Sócrates becomes prime minister.

   January: Presidential elections; PSD candidate Aníbal Cavaco Silva elected and assumes presidency from Jorge Sampaio. Portugal's national soccer team ranked 7th out of 205 countries by international soccer association. European Union's Bologna Process in educational reform initiated in Portugal.

   July-December: Portugal holds presidency of the Council of the European Union. For reasons of economy, Portugal announces closure of many consulates, especially in France and the eastern US. Government begins official inspections of private institutions of higher education, following scandals.

2008 January: Prime Minister Sócrates announces location of new Lisbon area airport as Alcochete, on south bank of Tagus River, site of air force shooting range. February: Portuguese Army begins to receive new modern battle tanks (Leopard 2 A6). March: Mass protest of 85,000 public school (primary and secondary levels) teachers in Lisbon schools dispute recent educational policies of minister of education and prime minister.

Historical dictionary of Portugal > Chronology
10 luchar

v.

1 to fight.

luchar contra to fight (against)

luchar por to fight for

2 to fight against.

Nos luchó la aldea vecina The neighboring village fought against us.

* * *

luchar

► verbo intransitivo

1 (gen) to fight

2 DEPORTE to wrestle

* * *

verb

1) to fight

2) struggle

3) wrestle

* * *

VI

1) (=combatir) to fight; (=esforzarse) to struggle ( por algo for sth)

luchó en el bando republicano — he fought on the Republican side

tuvo que luchar mucho en la vida — life was a constant struggle for her

luchar con o contra algo/algn — to fight (against) sth/sb

lucharon contra la corrupción — they fought against corruption

el enfermo luchaba con la muerte — the sick man was fighting for his life

luchaba con los mandos — he was struggling o wrestling with the controls

2) (Dep) to wrestle ( con with)

* * *

verbo intransitivo

1)

a) (combatir, pelear) to fight

luchar cuerpo a cuerpo — to fight hand to hand

b) ( para conseguir algo) to struggle, fight

luchar para salir adelante — struggle hard to get on in life

luchar por la paz — to fight for peace

c) ( lidiar) to wrestle, struggle

luchar con algo — to wrestle with something

2) (Dep) to wrestle

* * *

= fight, grapple, struggle, battle, campaign, wage, fight back.

Ex. This article deals with the cultural elitism implicit in a willingness to fight censorship of books but not videos.

Ex. For some groups it is entirely unreasonable to expect them to grapple with the full 638 pages of AACR2.

Ex. Despite the ferment that was going on in the scientific information field during the middle years of the decade of the '50's, the ADI was struggling to survive; membership had shrunk to only 200.

Ex. Instead we find ourselves battling to maintain the status quo and not end up with a worse mess than AACR1 and superimposition.

Ex. Libraries must campaign more actively for funds.

Ex. It is as if libraries find themselves once again mired down in the bureaucratic information policy firefights waged during the Reagan and Bush administrations (1980-1992).

Ex. In the meanwhile, librarians could fight back by means of their chequebooks but need to be alert to the strategies by which vendors could take over their functions.

----

* comenzar a luchar contra = begin + war on.

* luchar a brazo partido = fight + tooth and nail.

* luchar a muerte = fight to + death, get into + a fight to the death.

* luchar con = grapple with, wrestle with.

* luchar con el ausentismo = combat + absenteeism.

* luchar con los efectos adversos de = combat + the effects of.

* luchar contra = combat, contend with, turn + the tide on, brave.

* luchar contra corriente = labour + against the grain.

* luchar contra el absentismo = combat + absenteeism.

* luchar contra el analfabetismo = fight + illiteracy.

* luchar contra el fraude = combat + fraud.

* luchar contra el racismo = combat + racism.

* luchar contra la delincuencia = take + a bite out of crime.

* luchar contra la inflación = combat + inflation, fight + inflation.

* luchar contra la pobreza = fight + poverty.

* luchar contra los elementos = brave + the elements.

* luchar contra molinos = tilt against/at + windmills.

* luchar contra un fuego = fight + fire.

* luchar con uñas y dientes = fight + tooth and nail.

* luchar cuerpo a cuerpo = clinch.

* luchar en vano = fight + a losing battle.

* luchar hasta el final = battle + it out, fight until + the end.

* luchar hasta la muerte = fight to + death.

* luchar hasta morir = battle + it out.

* luchar por = crusade for, war (over), battle + it out for, scramble.

* luchar por la justicia = fight for + justice.

* luchar por la supremacía = battle for + supremacy.

* luchar por los derechos = campaign for + rights.

* luchar por una buena causa = fight + the good fight.

* luchar por una causa = champion + cause.

* luchar por una causa perdida = fight + a losing battle.

* luchar una batalla perdida = fight + a losing battle.

* * *

verbo intransitivo

1)

a) (combatir, pelear) to fight

luchar cuerpo a cuerpo — to fight hand to hand

b) ( para conseguir algo) to struggle, fight

luchar para salir adelante — struggle hard to get on in life

luchar por la paz — to fight for peace

c) ( lidiar) to wrestle, struggle

luchar con algo — to wrestle with something

2) (Dep) to wrestle

* * *

= fight, grapple, struggle, battle, campaign, wage, fight back.

Ex: This article deals with the cultural elitism implicit in a willingness to fight censorship of books but not videos.

Ex: For some groups it is entirely unreasonable to expect them to grapple with the full 638 pages of AACR2.

Ex: Despite the ferment that was going on in the scientific information field during the middle years of the decade of the '50's, the ADI was struggling to survive; membership had shrunk to only 200.

Ex: Instead we find ourselves battling to maintain the status quo and not end up with a worse mess than AACR1 and superimposition.

Ex: Libraries must campaign more actively for funds.

Ex: It is as if libraries find themselves once again mired down in the bureaucratic information policy firefights waged during the Reagan and Bush administrations (1980-1992).

Ex: In the meanwhile, librarians could fight back by means of their chequebooks but need to be alert to the strategies by which vendors could take over their functions.

* comenzar a luchar contra = begin + war on.

* luchar a brazo partido = fight + tooth and nail.

* luchar a muerte = fight to + death, get into + a fight to the death.

* luchar con = grapple with, wrestle with.

* luchar con el ausentismo = combat + absenteeism.

* luchar con los efectos adversos de = combat + the effects of.

* luchar contra = combat, contend with, turn + the tide on, brave.

* luchar contra corriente = labour + against the grain.

* luchar contra el absentismo = combat + absenteeism.

* luchar contra el analfabetismo = fight + illiteracy.

* luchar contra el fraude = combat + fraud.

* luchar contra el racismo = combat + racism.

* luchar contra la delincuencia = take + a bite out of crime.

* luchar contra la inflación = combat + inflation, fight + inflation.

* luchar contra la pobreza = fight + poverty.

* luchar contra los elementos = brave + the elements.

* luchar contra molinos = tilt against/at + windmills.

* luchar contra un fuego = fight + fire.

* luchar con uñas y dientes = fight + tooth and nail.

* luchar cuerpo a cuerpo = clinch.

* luchar en vano = fight + a losing battle.

* luchar hasta el final = battle + it out, fight until + the end.

* luchar hasta la muerte = fight to + death.

* luchar hasta morir = battle + it out.

* luchar por = crusade for, war (over), battle + it out for, scramble.

* luchar por la justicia = fight for + justice.

* luchar por la supremacía = battle for + supremacy.

* luchar por los derechos = campaign for + rights.

* luchar por una buena causa = fight + the good fight.

* luchar por una causa = champion + cause.

* luchar por una causa perdida = fight + a losing battle.

* luchar una batalla perdida = fight + a losing battle.

* * *

luchar [A1 ]

vi

A

1 (combatir, pelear) to fight

lucharemos contra los invasores we shall fight the invaders

luchar cuerpo a cuerpo to fight hand to hand

2 (para conseguir algo, superar un problema) to struggle, fight

lucharon por la paz they fought for peace

luchó valientemente contra la enfermedad he struggled o fought bravely against his illness

ha luchado mucho para salir adelante en la vida he has struggled hard to get on in life

3 (lidiar, batallar) to wrestle, struggle luchar CON algo; ‹con maletas/bultos› to wrestle o struggle WITH sth

B ( Dep) to wrestle

* * *

luchar ( conjugate luchar) verbo intransitivo
a) (combatir, pelear) to fight

b) ( para conseguir algo) to struggle, fight;

◊ luchar para salir adelante struggle hard to get on in life;

luchar por la paz to fight for peace
c) ( batallar) luchar con algo ‹ con problema› to wrestle with sth

d) (Dep) to wrestle

luchar verbo transitivo to fight wrestle
♦ Locuciones: luchar con uñas y dientes, to fight nail and tooth
' luchar' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
arena
- batirse
- disputarse
- pelear
- pelearse
- batallar
- competir
- desesperación
- desmayo
- patria
- pugnar
- pujar
English:
antihistamine
- antipollution
- battle
- combat
- contest
- desperately
- escape
- fight
- flounder
- slog out
- struggle
- together
- wildly
- wrestle
- forth
- strive

* * *

luchar vi

1. [combatir físicamente] to fight;

luchar contra to fight (against)

2. [enfrentarse] to fight;

luchar contra to fight (against);

luchar por to fight for

3. [esforzarse] to struggle;

llevo todo el día luchando con esta traducción I've been struggling o battling with this translation all day long;

tuvieron que luchar mucho para sacar a su familia adelante they had to struggle hard to provide for their family

4. [en deporte] to wrestle

* * *

luchar

v/i fight ( por for); fig

fight, struggle ( por for)

* * *

luchar vi

1) : to fight, to struggle

2) : to wrestle

* * *

luchar vb

1. to fight [pt. & pp. fought]

luchaban contra el enemigo they fought against the enemy

2. (de lucha libre) to wrestle

Spanish-English dictionary > luchar
11 el

art.

the (in general).

el coche the car

la casa the house

los niños the children

el agua/hacha/águila the water/ax/eagle

fui a recoger a los niños I went to pick up the children

* * *

el

► determinante

1 the

■ el coche the car

■ el agua water

■ el Japón Japan

■ la Sra. Rodríguez Mrs. Rodríguez

■ llegó el martes he arrived on Tuesday

2 el de the one

■ el del traje azul the one in the blue suit

■ el de Valencia the one from Valencia

■ el de tu hermano your brother's

■ el de hoy today's

3 el que (persona - sujeto) the one who; (- objeto) the one, the one that, the one whom

■ el que vino ayer the one who came yesterday

■ el que vi the one I saw

4 (cosa) the one, the one that, the one which

■ el que me diste the one (that) you gave me

* * *
1. pron.
the one

- el que
2. art.
the

* * *

el; la; los; las
ART DEF
1) [con nombres de referente único o concreto] the

el sol — the sun

perdí el autobús — I missed the bus

¿está fría el agua? — is the water cold?

¿ha llegado ya el abogado? — has the lawyer arrived yet?

el tío ese — * that chap

2) [en algunos casos no se traduce]

a) [con nombres propios]

La India — India

en el México de hoy — in present-day Mexico

el Real Madrid ganó la liga — Real Madrid won the league

el General Prim — General Prim

¿qué manda la señora? — what would madam like?

ha llamado el Sr. Sendra — Mr. Sendra called

dáselo a la Luisa — * give it to Luisa

b) [con nombres en sentido genérico]

me gusta el baloncesto — I like basketball

no me gusta el pescado — I don't like fish

está en la cárcel — he's in jail

c) [con infinitivo]

el hacerlo fue un error — doing it was a mistake, it was a mistake to do it

d) [con cifras, proporciones]

la mitad de la población — half of the population

ahora gano el 3% más — I now earn 3% more

3) [traducido por el posesivo]

se lavó las manos — he washed his hands

me he cortado el pelo — I've had my hair cut

ayer me lavé la cabeza — I washed my hair yesterday

me puse el abrigo — I put my coat on

4) [con expresiones temporales]

a las ocho — at eight o'clock

a los quince días — after a fortnight

vendrá el lunes que viene — he's coming next Monday

la reunión será el 15 de abril — the meeting's on 15 April

en el mes de julio — in (the month of) July

5) (=uso distributivo)

cuesta dos euros el kilo — it costs two euros a kilo

6) [en exclamaciones]

¡el frío que hacía! — it was freezing!

7) [posesivo]

• el de, mi libro y el de usted — my book and yours

este jugador y el de la camisa azul — this player and the one in the blue shirt

el del sombrero rojo — the one with o in the red hat

es un traje bonito, pero prefiero el de Ana — it's a nice suit, but I prefer Ana's

y el de todos los demás — and that of everybody else, and everybody else's

el idiota de Pedro no me contestó al teléfono — that idiot Pedro didn't answer the phone

8)

• el que —

a) + indic

el que compramos no vale — the one we bought is no good

a los que mencionamos añádase este — add this one to the ones we mentioned

yo fui el que lo encontró — I was the one who found it

él es el que quiere — it's he who wants to, he's the one who wants to

los que hacen eso son tontos — anyone who does that is a fool, those who do so are foolish

b) + subjun whoever

el que quiera, que lo haga — whoever wants to can do it

* * *

(pl los), la (pl las) articulo

[the masculine article el is also used before feminine nouns which begin with accented a or ha, e.g. el agua pura, el hada madrina]

1)

a) ( con un referente único) the

el sol — the sun

la Tierra — the Earth

b) ( con sustantivos en sentido genérico)

odio el pescado — I hate fish

así es la vida — that's life

(nosotros) los mexicanos — we Mexicans

¿ya vas a la escuela? — do you go to school yet?

en el mar — at sea

c) ( con un referente conocido o que se define)

en la calle Solis — in Solis street

el mío/las tuyas — mine/yours

el rojo/último — the red/last one

el estúpido del marido — that stupid husband of hers

los nacidos entre... — those born between...

2)

a)

el + de...: la del sombrero the one with the hat; el de Valencia the one from Valencia; el de las nueve the nine o'clock one; el de Juan/de mi hijo — Juan's/my son's

b)

el + que...: el que acaba de entrar the one who's just come in; las que yo ví the ones I saw; los que estén cansados; those who are tired, anyone who's tired; la que te guste whichever you like; el que lo haya hecho — whoever has done it

3) ( en expresiones de tiempo)

ocurrió el domingo — it happened last Sunday

mi cumpleaños es el 28 de mayo — my birthday's on May 28

el mes pasado/que viene — last/next month

no trabajo los sábados — I don't work (on) Saturdays

toda la mañana — all morning

a las ocho — at eight o'clock

4) ( cada)

$80 el metro/kilo — $80 a meter/a kilo

5) (con fracciones, porcentajes, números)

la mitad/la cuarta parte del dinero — half the money/a quarter of the money

el 20% de... — 20% of...

el cuarto piso — the fifth floor (AmE) o (BrE) fourth floor

6) (refiriéndose a partes del cuerpo, prendas de vestir, artículos personales, etc)

tenía las manos en los bolsillos — she had her hands in her pockets

te cortaste el pelo! — you've had your hair cut!

tienes la falda sucia — your skirt is dirty

tiene los ojos azules — he has blue eyes

7) ( con nombres propios)

a) (con apellidos acompañados de título, adjetivos, etc)

el señor Ortiz/la doctora Vidal — Mr Ortiz/Doctor Vidal

b) ( en plural)

los Ortega — the Ortegas

c) ( con algunos nombres geográficos)

en la India — in India

en (el) Perú — in Peru; ver África, Argentina, etc

d) ( al calificar)

la España de Franco — Franco's Spain

el Buñuel que todos conocemos — the Buñuel we all know

e) ( con algunos equipos deportivos)

juegan contra el Juventus — they're playing against Juventus

8) el ( con infinitivo)

odiaba el tener que pedírselo — he hated having to ask her

es cuidadoso en el hablar — he's careful in the way he speaks

el frenético girar de los bailarines — the frenzied spinning of the dancers

* * *

(pl los), la (pl las) articulo

[the masculine article el is also used before feminine nouns which begin with accented a or ha, e.g. el agua pura, el hada madrina]

1)

a) ( con un referente único) the

el sol — the sun

la Tierra — the Earth

b) ( con sustantivos en sentido genérico)

odio el pescado — I hate fish

así es la vida — that's life

(nosotros) los mexicanos — we Mexicans

¿ya vas a la escuela? — do you go to school yet?

en el mar — at sea

c) ( con un referente conocido o que se define)

en la calle Solis — in Solis street

el mío/las tuyas — mine/yours

el rojo/último — the red/last one

el estúpido del marido — that stupid husband of hers

los nacidos entre... — those born between...

2)

a)

el + de...: la del sombrero the one with the hat; el de Valencia the one from Valencia; el de las nueve the nine o'clock one; el de Juan/de mi hijo — Juan's/my son's

b)

el + que...: el que acaba de entrar the one who's just come in; las que yo ví the ones I saw; los que estén cansados; those who are tired, anyone who's tired; la que te guste whichever you like; el que lo haya hecho — whoever has done it

3) ( en expresiones de tiempo)

ocurrió el domingo — it happened last Sunday

mi cumpleaños es el 28 de mayo — my birthday's on May 28

el mes pasado/que viene — last/next month

no trabajo los sábados — I don't work (on) Saturdays

toda la mañana — all morning

a las ocho — at eight o'clock

4) ( cada)

$80 el metro/kilo — $80 a meter/a kilo

5) (con fracciones, porcentajes, números)

la mitad/la cuarta parte del dinero — half the money/a quarter of the money

el 20% de... — 20% of...

el cuarto piso — the fifth floor (AmE) o (BrE) fourth floor

6) (refiriéndose a partes del cuerpo, prendas de vestir, artículos personales, etc)

tenía las manos en los bolsillos — she had her hands in her pockets

te cortaste el pelo! — you've had your hair cut!

tienes la falda sucia — your skirt is dirty

tiene los ojos azules — he has blue eyes

7) ( con nombres propios)

a) (con apellidos acompañados de título, adjetivos, etc)

el señor Ortiz/la doctora Vidal — Mr Ortiz/Doctor Vidal

b) ( en plural)

los Ortega — the Ortegas

c) ( con algunos nombres geográficos)

en la India — in India

en (el) Perú — in Peru; ver África, Argentina, etc

d) ( al calificar)

la España de Franco — Franco's Spain

el Buñuel que todos conocemos — the Buñuel we all know

e) ( con algunos equipos deportivos)

juegan contra el Juventus — they're playing against Juventus

8) el ( con infinitivo)

odiaba el tener que pedírselo — he hated having to ask her

es cuidadoso en el hablar — he's careful in the way he speaks

el frenético girar de los bailarines — the frenzied spinning of the dancers

* * *

el²

= the, ye.

Nota: Forma arcaica.

Ex: The first institute, 'The Catalog: Its Nature and Prospects,' was held in New York City on October 9 and 10, 1975.

Ex: The article 'Ye olde smart card' presents an annotated list of information sources on the credit card industry.

* a lo extremo = to the extreme.

* aunque no lo creas = believe it or not.

* barrio de los ricos = upper town.

* de los mejores = as good as any.

* el abuelo de = the granddaddy of.

* el acabose = the last straw.

* el alcance = comprehensiveness.

* el amor de + Posesivo + vida = the love of + Posesivo + life.

* el año próximo = the year ahead.

* el arte de = the art of, the fine art of.

* el ataque es la mejor defensa = attack is the best form of defence.

* el auténtico = the real McCoy.

* el beneficio de la duda = the benefit of the doubt.

* el bien de = the good of.

* el buenazo de + Nombre = good old + Nombre.

* el bueno de + Nombre = good old + Nombre.

* el camino a seguir = the way ahead, the way to go.

* el camino correcto = the way ahead, the way to go.

* el camino hacia + Nombre + está lleno de + Nombre = the road (to/towards) + Nombre + is paved with + Nombre.

* el camino hacia + Nombre + está plagado de + Nombre = the road (to/towards) + Nombre + is paved with + Nombre.

* el camino por recorrer = the way ahead.

* el camino que lleva a = a/the doorway to.

* el camino recorrido = the road travelled so far.

* el camino se hace andando = actions speak louder than words.

* el centro de atención + ser = all eyes + be + on.

* el charco = the big pond.

* el ciudadano de a pie = the average Joe.

* el ciudadano medio = the average Joe.

* el cliente siempre tiene la razón = the customer is always right.

* el colmo = the last straw.

* el consejo de otra persona = a second opinion.

* el copón = the dog's bollocks, the bee's knees, the cat's meow, the cat's pyjamas, the cat's whiskers.

* el corazón de = the heart of.

* el crecimiento de = the rising tide of.

* el cual = which.

* el de = that in, that of.

* el diablo está en los detalles = the devil (is/lives) in the details.

* el día del Juicio Final = the Day of Judgement.

* El Diluvio = the Flood.

* el dinero es el origen de todos los males = money is the root of all evil.

* el dinero es la fuente de todos los males = money is the root of all evil.

* el dinero mueve al mundo = money makes the world go (a)round.

* el dinero no crece en los árboles = money doesn't grow on trees.

* el doble = twice + as many.

* el doble de = twice + the number of.

* El Dorado = El Dorado.

* el enemigo en casa = the enemy within.

* el entonces + Nombre = the then + Nombre.

* el espíritu de la época = the spirit of the times.

* el estado de las cosas = the lay of the land [the lie of the land, -UK].

* el evitar = avoidance.

* el éxito genera éxito = success breeds success (SBS).

* el éxito llama al éxito = success breeds success (SBS).

* el final de = the close of.

* el final de los problemas = the light at the end of the tunnel.

* el fin del mundo = the ends of the earth.

* el fin de semana = over the weekend, at the weekend.

* el fin de todos los fines = the end of all ends.

* el fin justifica los medios = the end justifies the means.

* el fruto de + Nombre = the fruit of + Nombre.

* el futuro = the way ahead, the way of the future.

* el futuro + estar + justo a la vuelta de la esquina = the future + be + just around the corner.

* el Gato con Botas = Puss in Boots.

* el grado de = the extent of.

* el grado de + Nombre = the breadth and depth of + Nombre.

* el grado en que = the extent to which.

* el gran hermano = big brother.

* el guapo de + Nombre = good old + Nombre.

* el hecho es que = fact is, the fact is (that).

* el hecho es que... = the fact of the matter is that....

* el hombre de la calle = the average Joe.

* el hombre no es una isla = no man is an island.

* el hombre propone y Dios dispone = Man proposes, God disposes.

* el impulsor de = the power behind.

* el interés público = the public interest.

* El Juicio Final = The Last Judgement.

* el lastre de = the shackles of.

* el llevar = carrying.

* el lugar que le corresponde a = the due place of.

* El Mago de Oz = The Wizard of Oz, The Wizard of Oz.

* el más = all-time.

* el más + Adjetivo = the most + Adjetivo.

* el más allá = hereafter.

* el más bajo = rock-bottom.

* el más favorito del mes = pick of the month.

* el más leído = the most widely read.

* el más recomendado = best of breed, the.

* el Mediterráneo = Mediterranean Sea, the, the Med.

* el mejor = best of breed, the.

* el mejor de todos = the cream of the crop, crème de la crème.

* el mejor hasta ahora = the best yet.

* el mejor modo de = the best way of.

* el mejor momento de todos = the time of all times.

* el mejor + Nombre = the best available + Nombre.

* el mejor que ha hecho hasta ahora = Posesivo + best yet.

* el mentir = lying.

* el mes pasado = last month.

* el mío = mine.

* el mismo + Nombre (+ que) = every bit as much + Nombre (+ as).

* el mismo número = as many.

* el modo como = the way in which.

* el modo de = the way in which.

* el modo de + Infinitivo = the way to go about + Gerundio.

* el momento preciso = the point in time at which.

* el motor de = the power behind.

* el movimiento se demuestra andando = actions speak louder than words.

* el muerto al hoyo y el vivo al bollo = dead men have no friends.

* el mundo de las noticias = newsmaking.

* el mundo en la palma de la mano = the world in the palm of + Posesivo + hand.

* el mundo está a sus pies = the world is + Posesivo + oyster.

* el mundo es un pañuelo = it's a small world.

* el + Nombre + correcto al + Nombre + adecuado en el momento oportuno = the right + Nombre + to the right + Nombre + at the right time.

* el + Nombre + es inestimable = the + Nombre + cannot be overestimated.

* el + Nombre + más completo = the + Nombre + to end all + Nombre.

* el no va más = the be all and end all, the bee's knees, the cat's pyjamas, the cat's meow, the cat's whiskers, the dog's bollocks.

* el nuevo aspecto de = the changing face of, the changing nature of.

* el orgullo de = showpiece.

* el otro lado de la barrera = the other side of the fence.

* el padre de = the father of.

* el pan nuestro de cada día = all in a day's work.

* el paso del tiempo = the passage of time, the sands of time.

* el peor de todos = the worst of the lot.

* el perro es el mejor amigo del hombre = a dog is man's best friend.

* el peso de = brunt of, the.

* el populacho = the great unwashed.

* el porqué de = the reason behind, the thinking behind, the reasoning behind, the idea behind.

* el portavoz de = the voice of.

* el presente = thisness.

* el primer intento = the first time around.

* el primer + Nombre = the earliest + Nombre.

* el primero mencionado = former.

* el principal = the number one.

* el principio de = the dawn of.

* el principio del fin = the beginning of the end.

* el principio de + Mes/Estación = early + Mes/Estación.

* el problema no es el qué, sino el cómo = the devil (is/lives) in the details.

* el problema obvio = the elephant in the room.

* el proletariado = the great unwashed.

* el pulmón de = the heart of.

* el punto más bajo = rock-bottom.

* el que = that, the one.

* el que aprende = learner.

* el que las hace, las paga = you've made your bed, now you must lie in it!.

* el que lo encuentre se lo queda = finders keepers.

* el que mantiene a la familia = breadwinner [bread winner].

* el que mucho abarca poco aprieta = jack of all trades, master of none.

* el que no llora, no mama = the squeaky (squeaking) wheel gets the grease (the oil/oiled).

* el que no se aventura no cruza el mar = nothing ventured, nothing gained.

* el que pregunta = inquirer [enquirer, -UK].

* el quid de la cuestión = the crux of the problem, the crux of the matter.

* el registro de los registros = record-of-record.

* el registro modelo = record-of-record.

* el resto = rest, the.

* el resto (de) = the remainder (of), the rest (of).

* El Salvador = El Salvador.

* el segundo mencionado = latter.

* el sendero que lleva a = a/the doorway to.

* el ser barato = cheapness.

* el siguiente no, el otro = next but one.

* el sitio adecuado en el momento adecuado = the right place at the right time.

* el sueño de toda persona = the stuff dreams are made of.

* el sueño de todos = the stuff dreams are made of.

* el sueño de todo ser viviente = the stuff dreams are made of.

* el súmmum = the bee's knees, the cat's pyjamas, the cat's meow, the cat's whiskers, the dog's bollocks.

* el tamaño de = the extent of.

* el tema de la discusión = the focus of the discussion.

* el tema del debate = the focus of the discussion.

* el tiempo de Algo = in season.

* el tiempo es oro = time is money.

* el tiempo lo dirá = only time will tell.

* el tiempo vuela = time flies (by).

* el tipo de = the range of.

* el todo es más grande que la suma de sus partes = the whole is greater than the sum of its parts.

* el total de = the total sum of, the sum total of.

* el transcurrir del tiempo = the sands of time.

* el transcurso del tiempo = as time goes by.

* el último citado = latter.

* el último grito = the last word, the cat's meow, the bee's knees, the cat's pyjamas, the cat's whiskers, the dog's bollocks.

* el último + Nombre = the latest + Nombre.

* el último pero no el menos importante = the last but by no means least.

* el único = the one and only.

* el único e incomparable = the one and only.

* el único e inimitable = the one and only.

* el único problema = a fly in the soup, the fly in the ointment.

* el verdadero = the real McCoy.

* el verdadero problema = the elephant in the room.

* el ver televisión = television viewing.

* el viejo = the elder.

* el vulgo = the great unwashed.

* el yugo de = the shackles of.

* espicharlas = kick + the bucket.

* la = the, ye.

* la alternativa + ser = the alternative + be.

* la belleza es superficial = beauty is only skin deep.

* La Biblioteca Responde = Ask the Library.

* la Biblioteca y el Archivo de Canadá = Library and Archives Canada.

* la buena noticia = the good news.

* la calidad es nuestro lema = quality is our middle name.

* la calma que precede a la tormenta = the lull before the storm.

* la cambiante fisonomía de = the changing face of, the changing nature of.

* la caridad empieza por uno mismo = charity begins at home.

* la ciudadana de a pie = the average Jane.

* la ciudadana media = the average Jane.

* la ciudad que nunca duerme = the city that never sleeps.

* la clave de = at the heart of.

* la clave está en la letra pequeña = the devil (is/lives) in the details.

* la comunidad en general = the community at large.

* la Convención de la Haya de 1954 = the 1954 Hague Convention.

* la copa del árbol = the top of the tree.

* la cosa es que = the thing is.

* la cosa principal = the number one thing.

* la crème de la crème = the cream of the crop, crème de la crème.

* la cruz de = the bane of.

* la cuestión es que = the thing is.

* la década de los + Número = the + Número + s.

* la demanda de = a call for.

* la diversidad de = the range of.

* la diversidad de + Nombre = the many + Nombre.

* la edad se lleva en el alma = you are as old as you feel.

* la época de Algo = in season.

* la escoria de la sociedad = the gutter.

* la espalda de = the back of.

* la evidencia = the writing on the wall.

* la fe mueve montañas = faith will move mountains.

* la filosofía de = the reason behind, the reasoning behind.

* la flor de + Nombre = the prime of + Nombre.

* la flor y nata = the cream of the crop, crème de la crème.

* la forma correcta de hacer las cosas = the way to go.

* la forma de = ways and means (of/for/to/in/by).

* la forma de + Infinitivo = the way to go about + Gerundio.

* la forma de ver las cosas = the way + to see things.

* la fuerza de la mayoría = strength in numbers.

* la gente decía que = rumour had it that.

* la gente dice que = rumour has it that.

* la gente se está inquietando = the natives are nervous.

* la gente se está poniendo nerviosa = the natives are nervous.

* la gente se puso de pie para aplaudir = standing ovation.

* la gota que colmó el vaso = the straw that broke the camel's back.

* la Gran Manzana = the Big Apple.

* la gran mayoría de = the vast majority of, the bulk of.

* la historia + repetirse = history + come full circle.

* la historia + volverse a repetir = history + come full circle.

* la hostia = the cat's pyjamas, the cat's pyjamas, the bee's knees, the cat's meow, the cat's whiskers, the dog's bollocks.

* la hoz y el martillo = the hammer and sickle.

* la idea que hay detrás de = the idea behind.

* la imaginación no tiene límites = your imagination is the limit.

* la imitación es la mejor forma de que lo halaguen a uno = imitation is the sincerest form of flattery.

* La Isla del Tesoro = Treasure Island.

* la joya de = showpiece.

* la judicatura = the Bench.

* la justicia = the Bench.

* la juventud no es cuestión de edad sino de espíritu = you are as old as you feel.

* la leche = the dog's bollocks, the bee's knees, the cat's meow, the cat's pyjamas, the cat's whiskers.

* la luz al final del túnel = the light at the end of the tunnel.

* la magistratura = the Bench.

* la manera de + Infinitivo = the way to go about + Gerundio.

* la mano que mece la cuna es la mano que domina el mundo = the hand that rocks the cradle rules the world.

* la mano que mece la cuna gobierna el mundo = the hand that rocks the cradle rules the world.

* la mar de = a whole slew of.

* la mayoría con mucho de = the vast majority of.

* la mayoría de = the majority of, most + Nombre, the main bulk of.

* la mayoría de la gente = most people, the majority of the people.

* la mayoría de las personas = most people, the majority of the people.

* la mayoría de las veces = most of the time, more often than not.

* la mayoría del mundo = the majority of the world, most people, the majority of the people.

* la mayoría del tiempo = most of the time.

* la mayor parte de = the majority of, the main bulk of, the lion's share of.

* la mayor parte de las veces = more often than not.

* la medida en que = the extent to which.

* la mejor forma de hacer Algo = best practices, lessons learned [lessons learnt].

* la mejor manera = how best.

* la mejor manera de = the best way of.

* la mejor oferta = the best deal.

* la mejor opción = the best bet.

* la mejor salida = the best way forward.

* la mejor solución = the best way forward.

* la menor duda de que = no doubt whatsoever.

* la mentira = lying.

* la mirada en = eye(s) on.

* la misma persona = one and the same person.

* la mitad (1/2) = one-half (1/2).

* la necesidad agudiza el ingenio = necessity mothers invention.

* la ocasión la pintan calva = make + hay while the sun shines.

* la opinión de otra persona = a second opinion.

* la oportunidad de + Posesivo + vida = the opportunity of a lifetime.

* la parte de atrás de = the back of.

* la parte más dura de = brunt of, the.

* la parte más importante = the heart of.

* la parte principal de = the bulk of.

* la parte superior izquierda de = the upper left of.

* la parte trasera de = the back of.

* la personificación de la confianza en uno mismo = confidence personified.

* la pesadilla de = the bane of.

* la pesca del día = the day's catch, the catch of the day.

* la petición de = a call for.

* la píldora = the pill.

* la plebe = the great unwashed.

* la polla = the dog's bollocks, the bee's knees, the cat's meow, the cat's pyjamas, the cat's whiskers.

* la práctica hace al maestro = practice makes perfect.

* la primera tentativa = the first time around.

* la primera vez = the first time around.

* la proporción mayor de = the lion's share of.

* la próxima moda = the next hot thing.

* la puntilla = the final/last nail in + Posesivo + coffin.

* la que = that, the one.

* la razón de ser = the reason for being.

* la realidad es que = the fact remains that..., fact is, the fact is (that).

* la rehostia = the dog's bollocks, the bee's knees, the cat's meow, the cat's pyjamas, the cat's whiskers.

* la responsabilidad ahora recae en + Nombre = the ball is in + Posesivo + court.

* la responsabilidad es de... = the buck + stops....

* la riqueza de = the wealth of.

* la ruina de = the bane of.

* las = the, ye.

* las 24 horas = round the clock, around the clock.

* las apariencias engañan = don't judge a book by its cover, there's more to it than meets the eye.

* las ataduras de = the shackles of.

* las autoridades = the powers-that-be.

* las cosas + cambiar = pendulum + swing.

* las cosas + estar + claras = the (hand)writing + be + on the wall, see it + coming.

* las cosas no pasan así como así = everything happens for a reason (and a purpose).

* las cosas no pasan (así) porque sí = everything happens for a reason (and a purpose).

* las cosas no son tan simples como parecen = there's more to it than meets the eye.

* las cosas + seguir + igual = business + revolve + as usual.

* las cosas siguen igual = business as usual.

* las cosas sólo pasan una vez = lightning never strikes twice.

* las cosas son más complicadas de lo que parecen = there's more to it than meets the eye.

* las cosas tal y como son = the birds and the bees.

* las cosas + volver + a su punto de partida = the wheel + turn + full circle.

* las de = those for.

* las doce del mediodía = noon.

* la segunda mitad de + Fecha = the latter part of + Fecha.

* la segunda opción = the next best choice.

* la segunda vez = the second time around.

* la semana pasada = last week.

* la senda que lleva a = a/the doorway to.

* la situación = the course of events.

* la sociedad en general = society at large.

* las posibilidades son infinitas = the possibilities are endless.

* las profundidades del mar = the deep.

* las profundidades del océano = the deep.

* las pruebas = the writing on the wall.

* las raíces se encuentran = roots + lie.

* las raíces se remontan a = roots + lie.

* las razones de = the reason behind, the thinking behind, the reasoning behind, the idea behind.

* las Reglas de Cutter para un Catálogo Diccionario = Cutter's Rules for a Dictionary Catalog.

* las triquiñuelas de la letra pequeña = the devil (is/lives) in the details.

* la suerte + cambiar = the tide + turn.

* la suerte estaba echada = the die was cast, the die had been cast.

* la suerte está echada = the die is cast.

* la suma total de = the total sum of, the sum total of.

* las uvas están verdes = sour grapes.

* las veinticuatro horas = day and night, day or night, night and day.

* la temporada de Algo = in season.

* la tierra de la abundancia = the land of plenty.

* la tierra de las oportunidades = the land of opportunity.

* la tira de = a whole slew of.

* la tira de tiempo = donkey's years.

* la triste realidad es que = the sad fact is (that).

* la última palabra = the last word, the last word, the bee's knees, the cat's pyjamas, the cat's meow, the cat's whiskers, the dog's bollocks.

* la última vez = last time.

* la última vez que = the last time.

* la única pega = the fly in the ointment, a fly in the soup.

* la unión hace la fuerza = strength in numbers.

* la ventaja de = the beauty of.

* la ventaja es que = on the positive side, the advantage is that, on the bright side.

* la verdad = the lowdown (on).

* la verdad es que = if the truth be known, if the truth be told, the fact is (that), fact is.

* la verdad es que... = the fact of the matter is that....

* la verdad sea dicha = to tell the truth.

* la verdad sea dicha que = if the truth be told.

* la Vía Láctea = the Milky Way.

* la vida continúa = the show must go on.

* la vida + continuar = life + go on.

* la vida es así = life's like that.

* ¡la vida no es un camino de rosas! = the course of true love never did run smooth!.

* la vida + seguir = life + go on.

* la víspera de = on the eve of.

* la voz de = the voice of.

* la voz de la conciencia = the voice within.

* la voz de la experiencia = the voice of experience.

* la voz de la razón = the voice of reason.

* la voz del odio = the voice of hate.

* la voz interior = the voice within.

* lo absurdo = ridiculousness.

* lo adecuado = adequacy.

* lo + Adjetivo + que sea/esté = how + Adjetivo.

* lo anodino = blandness.

* lo anteriormente expuesto = the preceding.

* lo apropiado = appropriateness.

* lo barato = inexpensiveness.

* lo básico = essential, the, nuts and bolts, bare minimum, bare necessities, the, the lowdown (on).

* lo bastante elevado = high enough.

* lo bastante extenso = adequately scoped.

* lo bueno de = the beauty of.

* lo bueno es que = the good news is (that)..., on the positive side, on the bright side.

* lo bueno viene en frascos pequeños = small is beautiful.

* lo bueno y lo malo = the rights and wrongs.

* lo caro = expensiveness.

* lo chicano = Chicana.

* lo chulo = coolness.

* lo cierto es que = fact is, the fact is (that).

* lo completo = completeness.

* lo completo que Algo está = fullness.

* lo creas o no = believe it or not.

* lo decisivo = the last word.

* lo definitivo = the last word.

* lo desagradable = unpleasantness.

* ¿lo dices en broma? = you must be joking!, you must be kidding!.

* lo directo = directness.

* lo divertido = the fun part.

* lo engorroso de = cumbersomeness.

* lo esencial = essential, the, nuts and bolts, bare minimum, bare necessities, the, the lowdown (on).

* lo estrafalario = zaniness.

* lo estrambótico = zaniness.

* lo extenso = comprehensiveness.

* lo favorable = propitiousness.

* lo hebraico = Hebraica.

* lo hecho hecho está = no use crying over spilt/spilled milk.

* lo importante es lo que eres no cómo te llamas = a rose by any other name.

* lo imprescindible = bare necessities, the, bare minimum.

* lo incómodo de = cumbersomeness.

* lo indefinido = indefiniteness.

* lo indirecto = indirectness.

* lo indispensable = bare necessities, the, bare minimum.

* lo insulso = blandness.

* lo interesante = the fun part.

* lo judío = Judaica.

* lo lindo = cuteness.

* lo llano = flatness.

* lo más cercano a = the nearest thing to.

* lo más conveniente es que = optimally.

* lo más destacado = highlights.

* lo más detestado = pet hate.

* lo más importante = most of all, at its core.

* lo más interesante = highlights.

* lo más mínimo = so much as.

* lo más novedoso = the last word.

* lo más odiado = pet hate.

* lo más parecido a = the nearest thing to.

* lo más probable es que = most probably.

* lo más recio de = brunt of, the.

* lo más recóndito = nooks and crannies.

* lo máximo = the be all and end all, the bee's knees, the cat's pyjamas, the cat's meow, the cat's whiskers, the dog's bollocks.

* lo mejor = the top of the tree.

* lo mejor de = the beauty of, showpiece.

* lo mejor de ambas partes = the best of both worlds.

* lo mejor de lo mejor = the best of the best.

* lo mejor de todo = best of all.

* lo mejor entre lo mejor = the best of the best.

* lo mejor es que... = the good news is (that)....

* lo mejor está aún por llegar = the best is yet to come.

* lo mejor posible = to the best of + Posesivo + ability, at + Posesivo + (very) best, optimally.

* lo mejor que pueda = to the best of + Posesivo + ability.

* lo mejor que se puede hacer = the best bet.

* lo mejor + ser = the beautiful part + be.

* lo menos posible = as little as possible.

* lo mínimo = bare minimum, bare necessities, the.

* lo mismo ocurre con = the same goes for.

* lo mismo ocurre en el caso de = the same is true (for/of/with).

* lo mismo que = the same as, along the lines of, in much the same way as.

* lo mismo que antes = the same as before.

* lo mismo que para = the same as that for.

* lo mismo se aplica a = the same is true (for/of/with).

* lo molesto de = cumbersomeness.

* lo mucho que = how extensively.

* lo noble = high-mindedness.

* lo no convencional = unconventional, the.

* lo normal + ser + que = there + be + a tendency (to/for), there + be + a tendency (to/for).

* lo oportuno = timeliness.

* lo pasado pasado está = let bygones be bygones.

* lo peor de = brunt of, the.

* lo peor del = the armpit of the.

* lo pintoresco = quaintness.

* lo plano = flatness.

* lo poco común = rarity, rareness.

* lo poco convencional = unconventional, the.

* lo primero = for one, first off.

* lo primero de todo = first of all, first off.

* lo prometido es deuda = a promise is a promise.

* lo propicio = propitiousness.

* lo público = publicness.

* lo que = that which, what.

* lo que aguarda a = what is on store for.

* lo que Algo o Alguien se merece, lo que le corresponde, bastante = fair share, fair share.

* lo que a uno cura a otro mata = one man's meat is another man's poison.

* lo que demuestra que = which (just) goes to show that.

* lo que el futuro depara a = what is on store for.

* lo que es aun más inquietante = more disturbingly.

* lo que es aun más preocupante = more disturbingly.

* lo que es aun mejor = better still.

* lo que es aun peor = worse still.

* lo que es bueno para uno es bueno para otro = what's sauce for the goose is sauce for the gander.

* lo que es bueno para uno también es bueno para otro = what's good for the goose is good for the gander.

* lo que es más = what is more, what's more.

* lo que es más importante = most importantly, more importantly, most of all, most important.

* lo que es mejor aun = better still.

* lo que es muy importante = importantly.

* lo que es peor = what's worse.

* lo que es peor aun = worse still.

* lo que espera a = what is on store for.

* lo que está bien y lo que está mal = rights and wrongs.

* lo que existe (en el mercado) = what's out there.

* lo que haya que de ser, será = que sera sera, what's meant to be, will be, whatever will be, will be.

* lo que hay (en el mercado) = what's out there.

* lo que hay que hacer = do + the right thing, the way to go.

* lo que hay que hacer y lo que hay que evitar = do's and don'ts, rights and wrongs.

* lo que le corresponde = fair share.

* lo que nos espera = things to come.

* lo que quiera que = whatever.

* lo que sea = something or other.

* lo que se gana por un lado se pierde por otro = swings and roundabouts.

* lo que se pierda en una cosa se gana en la otra = what you lose on the swings you gain on the roundabouts.

* lo que + ser = what + be like.

* lo que se suele pagar = going rate, the.

* lo que tenga que pasar, que pase = que sera sera, what's meant to be, will be, whatever will be, will be.

* lo que tenga que ser, será = que sera sera, whatever will be, will be, what's meant to be, will be.

* lo que vale para tí también vale para mí = what's good for the goose is good for the gander, what's sauce for the goose is sauce for the gander.

* lo rural = rurality.

* los = the, ye.

* los 365 días del año = year-round.

* los 40 principales = Top 40 singles chart.

* los abajo firmantes = the parties hereto.

* los acontecimientos = the course of events.

* lo sagrado = sacredness.

* los albores de = the dawn of.

* los años cincuenta = fifties.

* los años treinta = thirties.

* los árboles no dejan ver el bosque = lose + sight of the forest for the trees.

* los avatares de la guerra = the tides of war.

* los buenos tiempos = the good old days.

* los comienzos de = the dawn of.

* los constantes cambios de = the changing face of, the changing nature of.

* los de = those for, those in.

* los demás = rest, the, everybody else.

* los detalles de la letra pequeña = the devil (is/lives) in the details.

* los días antes de = leading up to.

* los dos = both, both of them, both of which.

* los efectos negativos se están dejando sentir ahora = chickens come home to roost.

* los gobernantes = the powers-that-be.

* los hay para dar y regalar = there's one born every minute.

* los mandamás = the powers-that-be.

* los más necesitados = those most in need.

* los más pobres + Nombre = the poorest + Nombre.

* los menos locuaces = inarticulate, the.

* los motivos de = the reason behind, the thinking behind, the reasoning behind, the idea behind.

* los necesitados = the needy.

* los orígenes de = the dawn of.

* los otros con los que aparece(n) = neighbours [neighbors, -USA].

* los peores + Nombre = the poorest + Nombre.

* los poderes fáticos = the powers-that-be.

* los pormenores de la letra pequeña = the devil (is/lives) in the details.

* Los Principios de París = Paris Principles.

* los que = those who.

* los que detentan el poder = the powers-that-be.

* los que mandan = the powers-that-be.

* los que no han recibido formación específica = uninstructed, the.

* los que + Verbo = those + Participio.

* los tribunales = the Bench.

* lo suficientemente cerca = within range.

* lo suficientemente cerca como para oír = within earshot of.

* lo suficientemente estúpido como para = dumb enough to.

* lo suficientemente grande = large enough, big enough.

* lo suficientemente lejos como para no poder oír = out of earshot.

* los últimos coletazos = fag-end.

* lo sumo = the bee's knees, the cat's meow, the cat's whiskers, the dog's bollocks, the cat's pyjamas.

* los unos a costa de los otros = at each other's expense.

* los viejos tiempos = the good old days.

* lo tomas o lo dejas = take it or leave it.

* lo último = the last word.

* lo uno es tan malo como lo otro = one is as bad as the other.

* lo vanguardista = cutting edge.

* lo yidish = Yiddica.

* parmarlas = kick + the bucket.

* ser lo que nos espera = be the shape of things to come.

* * *

el (pl los), la; (pl las)

art

[ the masculine article el is also used before feminine nouns which begin with accented a or, ha e.g. el agua pura, el hada madrina]

A (con un referente único, conocido o que se define) the

el sol the sun

el lápiz/la goma/los lápices/las gomas que compré the pencil/the eraser/the pencils/the erasers I bought

no, ése no, el que te presté ayer/el de Julio/el rojo no, not that one, the one I lent you yesterday/Julio's/the red one

en la calle Solís in Solís Street

prefiero el mío/los tuyos I prefer mine/yours

me atendió el estúpido del marido that stupid husband of hers served me

yo soy la arquitecta, ella es lexicógrafa I'm the architect, she's a lexicographer

yo fui la que lo rompí or rompió I was the one who broke it

los nacidos entre … those born between …

los que faltamos ayer those of us who weren't here yesterday

¿cuál es Ardiles? — el del sombrero negro which one's Ardiles? — the one with the black hat

un encuentro al que asistieron muchas personalidades a meeting which was attended by many well known people

la obra de la que or de la cual hablábamos the play we were talking about

B

(con sustantivos en sentido genérico): me encanta la ópera I love opera

odio el pescado I hate fish

así es la vida that's life

(nosotros) los mexicanos lo sabemos muy bien we Mexicans know only too well

¿ya vas a la escuela? do you go to school yet?

ya salió del hospital she's out of the hospital ( AmE) o ( BrE) out of hospital

en el mar at sea

viajar por el espacio to travel in space

C

(en expresiones de tiempo): ocurrió el domingo de Pascua/en el verano del 76 it happened on Easter Sunday/in the summer of '76

mi cumpleaños es el 28 de mayo my birthday's on May 28

el mes pasado/que viene last/next month

no trabaja los sábados she doesn't work (on) Saturdays

estudió toda la mañana he studied all morning

a las ocho at eight o'clock, at eight

a eso de las seis around six o'clock

D

(cada): lo venden a $80 el kilo/metro they're selling it at $80 a kilo/a meter o at $80 per kilo/meter

¿cuánto cuesta el paquete de diez? how much does a packet of ten cost?

E

(con fracciones, porcentajes, números): me dio la mitad/la cuarta parte del dinero she gave me half the money/a quarter of the money

el 20% de los peruanos 20% of Peruvians

vivo en el cuarto I live on the fifth floor ( AmE) o ( BrE) fourth floor

F [ Vocabulary notes (Spanish) ]

(refiriéndose a partes del cuerpo, prendas de vestir, artículos personales, etc): con las manos en los bolsillos with my/your/his hands in my/your/his pockets

¡te cortaste el pelo! you've had your hair cut!

tienes la falda sucia your skirt is dirty

tienes el suéter puesto al revés you've got your sweater on inside out

tiene el pelo largo/los ojos azules he has long hair/blue eyes

G (con nombres propios)

1

(con apellidos acompañados de título, adjetivos, etc): llamó el señor Ortiz/la doctora Vidal/el general Santos Mr Ortiz/Doctor Vidal/General Santos phoned

el gran Caruso the Great Caruso

2

(con nombres de mujeres famosas): la última película de la Monroe Monroe's last movie

3

(en plural): los Ortega (matrimonio) the Ortegas, Mr and Mrs Ortega; (familia) the Ortegas, the Ortega family

a los Josés se les suele llamar Pepe people called José are often known as Pepe

4 (fam: en muchas regiones crit)

(con nombres de pila): pregúntale a la Carmen/al Ricardo ask Carmen/Ricardo

5

(con algunos nombres geográficos): en la India in India

en (el) Perú in Peru

ver África, Argentina, el etc

6

(al calificar): la España de Franco Franco's Spain

el Buñuel que todos conocemos the Buñuel we all know

la Italia del siglo pasado Italy in the last century

7

(con algunos equipos deportivos): juegan contra el Juventus/el Barcelona they're playing against Juventus/Barcelona

H el

(con infinitivo): odiaba el tener que pedírselo he hated having to ask her

es cuidadoso y pausado en el hablar he's careful and deliberate in the way he speaks

el frenético girar de los bailarines the frenzied spinning of the dancers

al + INF ver a prep B 2. (↑ a 3)

* * *

Multiple Entries:
el
él
el (pl
◊ los), la (pl las) art the masculine article el is also used before feminine nouns which begin with accented a or ha, e.g. el agua pura, el hada madrina

1
a) ( en general) the;

◊ la Tierra the Earth

b) ( con sustantivos en sentido genérico):

◊ odio el pescado I hate fish;

así es la vida that's life;
(nosotros) los mexicanos we Mexicans;
¿ya vas a la escuela? do you go to school yet?
c) ( refiriéndose a algo que se conoce o se está definiendo):

◊ en la calle Solis in Solis street;

las tuyas yours;
el último the last one;
el estúpido del marido that stupid husband of hers
2
a) el + de:

◊ la del sombrero the one with the hat;

el de las nueve the nine o'clock one;
el de mi hijo my son's
b) el + que:

◊ las que yo ví the ones I saw;

los que estén cansados;
those who are tired, anyone who's tired;
la que te guste whichever you like
3 ( en expresiones de tiempo):
◊ ocurrió el domingo it happened last Sunday;

mi cumpleaños es el 28 de mayo my birthday's on May 28;
el mes pasado last month;
toda la mañana all morning;
a las ocho at eight o'clock
4 ( cada):
◊ $80 el metro/kilo $80 a meter/a kilo, $80 per kilo/meter

5 (con fracciones, porcentajes, números):
◊ la mitad/la cuarta parte del dinero half the money/a quarter of the money;

el 20% de … 20% of …
6 (con partes del cuerpo, prendas de vestir, artículos personales, etc):
◊ tenía las manos en los bolsillos she had her hands in her pockets;

¡te cortaste el pelo! you've had your hair cut!;
tiene los ojos azules he has blue eyes
7
a) (con apellidos acompañados de título, adjetivos, etc):

◊ el señor Ortiz/la doctora Vidal Mr Ortiz/Doctor Vidal;

los Ortega the Ortegas
b) ( con algunos nombres geográficos):

◊ en la India in India;

ver África, Argentina, etc
él pron pers
a) ( como sujeto) he;

◊ ¿quién se lo va a decir? — él who's going to tell her? — he is;

lo hizo él mismo he did it himself;
fue él it was him
b) (en comparaciones, con preposiciones) him;

( refiriéndose a cosas) it;
◊ llegué antes que él I arrived before him o before he did;

con/para él with/for him;
son de él they're his
el art def m
1 the
2 (no se traduce) (ante un tratamiento formal) el sr. Gómez, Mr Gomez
(cuando el sustantivo es general) el hambre/tiempo, hunger/time
3 (se traduce por un posesivo) (con partes del cuerpo) se ha cortado el pelo, she's cut her hair
(prendas) se lo metió en el bolsillo, he put it in his pocket
(pertenencias) guarda el diario en el cajón, put your diary into the drawer
4 (con días de la semana) iré el miércoles, I'll go on Wednesday
5 (cuando el sustantivo está elidido) the one: prefiero el azul, I prefer the blue one
el de las diez, the ten o'clock one
el que está en la mesa, the one that's on the table
el que más nos guste, whichever one we like best
(delante de un posesivo) el de María, Maria's
es el mío, it's mine
él pron pers
1 (sujeto) (persona) he
(animal, cosa) it: fue él, it was him, fue él el que..., it was him that... o it was he who...
2 (complemento) (persona) him
(animal, cosa) it
dáselo a él, give it to him, es para él, it's for him
3 (posesivo) de él, his
4 (oración comparativa) ella es mejor que él, she's better than him o she's better than he is
'él' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
A
- abajo
- abalanzarse
- abaratarse
- abarquillarse
- abarrotar
- abarrotada
- abarrotado
- abastecimiento
- abatir
- abatimiento
- abdicar
- abierta
- abierto
- abismo
- abogada
- abogado
- abominar
- abominable
- abordar
- aborigen
- aborregarse
- abortar
- abotargada
- abotargado
- abrir
- abreviar
- abrirse
- absoluta
- absoluto
- abstención
- abundancia
- acabar
- acabarse
- acabose
- acallar
- acanallar
- accionariado
- acero
- achacosa
- achacoso
- achatamiento
- achicharrarse
- aclarar
- aclarado
- acomodarse
- acompañar
- acondicionar
- acostumbrada
- acostumbrado
English:
A
- abandon
- ABC
- ability
- about
- above
- abroad
- abseil
- absence
- absent
- absolute
- absolve
- absorb
- abstract
- academic
- accelerate
- accommodate
- accomplice
- account
- accurately
- accusation
- accused
- accustom
- aching
- act
- act on
- act up
- actual
- actually
- acute
- address
- adequately
- adjourn
- admission
- admit
- advance
- advanced
- advantage
- advantageous
- advise
- advocate
- affair
- afford
- afloat
- afraid
- after
- against
- age
- agenda
- aggregate

* * *

el (f la, mpl los, fpl las) art determinado el is used instead of la before feminine nouns which are stressed on the first syllable and begin with “a” or “ha” (e.g. el agua, el hacha). Note that el combines with the prepositions a and de to produce the contracted forms al and del.

1. [con valor especificador] the;

el coche the car;

la casa the house;

los niños the children;

el agua/hacha/águila the water/axe/eagle;

fui a recoger a los niños I went to pick up the children

2. [con sustantivo abstracto, valor genérico]
el amor love;

la vida life;

el hombre Man, human beings;

los derechos de la mujer women's rights;

los niños imitan a los adultos children copy adults;

el pan es un alimento básico bread is a basic food;

la mayoría de la gente no la conoce most people don't know her;

vuelve el biquini bikinis are back

3. [indica posesión, pertenencia]
se partió la pierna he broke his leg;

se quitó los zapatos she took her shoes off;

tiene el pelo oscuro he has dark hair;

me han robado la maleta my suitcase has been stolen;

se dieron la mano they shook hands

4. [con días de la semana, fechas, horas]
vuelven el sábado they're coming back on Saturday;

los domingos vamos al cine we go to the movies (on) Sundays;

llegaré el 1 de mayo [escrito] I'll arrive on 1 May;
[hablado] I'll arrive on the first of May;
son las siete it's seven o'clock;

el año pasado/que viene last/next year

5. [con nombres propios geográficos]
el Sena the (River) Seine;

el Everest (Mount) Everest;

la India India;

La Haya The Hague;

El Cairo Cairo;

la España de la posguerra post-war Spain

6. [con apellido]
la señora Márquez Mrs Márquez;

el señor/el doctor Juárez Mr/Doctor Juárez;

los Amaya [matrimonio] Mr and Mrs Amaya, the Amayas;
[familia completa] the Amayas, the Amaya family;
los Austrias the Hapsburgs;

el Hitler español the Spanish Hitler

7. Fam [con nombre propio de persona]
llama a la María call Maria

8. [con numerales, porcentajes, fracciones]
el siete es mi número de la suerte seven's my lucky number;

llegó el tercero he came third;

el tercer piso the third floor;

un aumento del 30 por ciento a 30 percent increase;

la quinta parte (de) a fifth (of);

el 20 por ciento (de) 20 percent (of)

9. [en proporciones, precios]
100 pesos el kilo 100 pesos a o per kilo

10. [con complemento especificativo]
el/la del sombrero the one with the hat;

los/las de azul [cosas] the blue ones;
[personas] the ones in blue;
he perdido el tren, cogeré el de las nueve I've missed the train, I'll get the nine o'clock one;

el de aquí this one here;

¿los del parque son amigos tuyos? were those people in the park friends of yours?;

prefiero las del escaparate I prefer the ones in the window;

los del fondo no se callan the people at the back won't shut up

11. [con complemento posesivo]
mi hermano y el de Juan my brother and Juan's;

el mío mine;

la tuya yours;

los suyos theirs

12. [con adjetivo]
prefiero el rojo al azul I prefer the red one to the blue one;

el/la mejor the best;

es la mejor de la clase she's the best in the class, she's top of the class;

los seleccionados realizarán un examen those chosen will sit an exam;

el tonto de Ignacio se equivocó that idiot Ignacio got it wrong

13. [con infinitivo]
el beber tanto acabó con él all that drinking is what finished him off;

es amante del buen comer she loves good food;

me sienta mal el tener que decírtelo I don't like to have to tell you

14. [con frases subordinadas]
el/la que [cosa] whichever;
[persona] whoever;
los/las que [cosas] whichever;
[personas] whoever;
coge el/los que quieras take whichever you like;

el que más corra whoever runs fastest, the one who runs the fastest;

las que quieran venir que levanten la mano those who want to come o anyone who wants to come should put their hand up;

el que no te guste no quiere decir que sea malo the fact that you don't like him doesn't make him a bad person

15. [con valor enfático]
¡la pena que me dio verlo en ese estado! I felt so sorry for him when I saw him in that state!

* * *

el

I art the

II pron

:

el de … that of …;

el de Juan Juan’s;

el más grande the biggest (one);

el que está … the one that is …

* * *

él pron

: he, him

él es mi amigo: he's my friend

hablaremos con él: we will speak with him

el pron, (referring to masculine nouns)

1) : the one

tengo mi libro y el tuyo: I have my book and yours

de los cantantes me gusta el de México: I prefer the singer from México

2)

el que : he who, whoever, the one that

el que vino ayer: the one who came yesterday

el que trabaja duro estará contento: he who works hard will be happy

el, la art, pl los, las : the

los niños están en la casa: the boys are in the house

me duele el pie: my foot hurts

* * *

el det

1. the

¿qué te pareció el libro? what did you think of the book?

perdimos el tren we missed the train

2. (posesivo) my / your / his / her etcétera

me rompí el brazo I broke my arm

es el hermano de María it's María's brother

¿te has cortado el pelo? have you had your hair cut?

se puso el jersey he put his jumper on

3. (característica) the one

¿cuál prefieres? el azul which one do you prefer? the blue one

el del pelo largo the one with long hair

el de la camisa negra the one in the black shirt

me gusta el de Alejo I like Alejo's

¡Ojo! Algunas veces no se traduce

¿quieres salir el sábado? do you want to go out on Saturday?

el Sr. García Mr. García

me gusta el arroz I like rice

el que (persona) the one who / the one that (cosa) the one which / the one that

el que llegó primero the one who came first

el que me dejaste the one you lent me

el que (quienquiera) whoever

con el que that... with

el chico con el que salgo the boy that I go out with

el cuchillo con el que lo corté the knife that I cut it with

en el que that... in

el cajón en el que lo puse the drawer that I put it in

el coche en el que iban the car that they were in

Spanish-English dictionary > el
12 él

art.

the (in general).

el coche the car

la casa the house

los niños the children

el agua/hacha/águila the water/ax/eagle

fui a recoger a los niños I went to pick up the children

* * *

el

► determinante

1 the

■ el coche the car

■ el agua water

■ el Japón Japan

■ la Sra. Rodríguez Mrs. Rodríguez

■ llegó el martes he arrived on Tuesday

2 el de the one

■ el del traje azul the one in the blue suit

■ el de Valencia the one from Valencia

■ el de tu hermano your brother's

■ el de hoy today's

3 el que (persona - sujeto) the one who; (- objeto) the one, the one that, the one whom

■ el que vino ayer the one who came yesterday

■ el que vi the one I saw

4 (cosa) the one, the one that, the one which

■ el que me diste the one (that) you gave me

* * *
1. pron.
the one

- el que
2. art.
the

* * *

el; la; los; las
ART DEF
1) [con nombres de referente único o concreto] the

el sol — the sun

perdí el autobús — I missed the bus

¿está fría el agua? — is the water cold?

¿ha llegado ya el abogado? — has the lawyer arrived yet?

el tío ese — * that chap

2) [en algunos casos no se traduce]

a) [con nombres propios]

La India — India

en el México de hoy — in present-day Mexico

el Real Madrid ganó la liga — Real Madrid won the league

el General Prim — General Prim

¿qué manda la señora? — what would madam like?

ha llamado el Sr. Sendra — Mr. Sendra called

dáselo a la Luisa — * give it to Luisa

b) [con nombres en sentido genérico]

me gusta el baloncesto — I like basketball

no me gusta el pescado — I don't like fish

está en la cárcel — he's in jail

c) [con infinitivo]

el hacerlo fue un error — doing it was a mistake, it was a mistake to do it

d) [con cifras, proporciones]

la mitad de la población — half of the population

ahora gano el 3% más — I now earn 3% more

3) [traducido por el posesivo]

se lavó las manos — he washed his hands

me he cortado el pelo — I've had my hair cut

ayer me lavé la cabeza — I washed my hair yesterday

me puse el abrigo — I put my coat on

4) [con expresiones temporales]

a las ocho — at eight o'clock

a los quince días — after a fortnight

vendrá el lunes que viene — he's coming next Monday

la reunión será el 15 de abril — the meeting's on 15 April

en el mes de julio — in (the month of) July

5) (=uso distributivo)

cuesta dos euros el kilo — it costs two euros a kilo

6) [en exclamaciones]

¡el frío que hacía! — it was freezing!

7) [posesivo]

• el de, mi libro y el de usted — my book and yours

este jugador y el de la camisa azul — this player and the one in the blue shirt

el del sombrero rojo — the one with o in the red hat

es un traje bonito, pero prefiero el de Ana — it's a nice suit, but I prefer Ana's

y el de todos los demás — and that of everybody else, and everybody else's

el idiota de Pedro no me contestó al teléfono — that idiot Pedro didn't answer the phone

8)

• el que —

a) + indic

el que compramos no vale — the one we bought is no good

a los que mencionamos añádase este — add this one to the ones we mentioned

yo fui el que lo encontró — I was the one who found it

él es el que quiere — it's he who wants to, he's the one who wants to

los que hacen eso son tontos — anyone who does that is a fool, those who do so are foolish

b) + subjun whoever

el que quiera, que lo haga — whoever wants to can do it

* * *

pronombre personal

a) ( como sujeto) he

él me lo dijo — he told me

¿quién se lo va a decir? - él — who's going to tell her? - he is

lo hizo él mismo — he did it himself

fue él — it was him, it was he (frml)

b) (en comparaciones, con preposiciones) him; ( refiriéndose a cosas) it

llegué antes que él — I arrived before him o before he did

eres tan alto como él — you are as tall as him o as he is

con/contra/para él — with/against/for him

son de él — they're his

con/contra/para él — with/against/for him

* * *

(pl los), la (pl las) articulo

[the masculine article el is also used before feminine nouns which begin with accented a or ha, e.g. el agua pura, el hada madrina]

1)

a) ( con un referente único) the

el sol — the sun

la Tierra — the Earth

b) ( con sustantivos en sentido genérico)

odio el pescado — I hate fish

así es la vida — that's life

(nosotros) los mexicanos — we Mexicans

¿ya vas a la escuela? — do you go to school yet?

en el mar — at sea

c) ( con un referente conocido o que se define)

en la calle Solis — in Solis street

el mío/las tuyas — mine/yours

el rojo/último — the red/last one

el estúpido del marido — that stupid husband of hers

los nacidos entre... — those born between...

2)

a)

el + de...: la del sombrero the one with the hat; el de Valencia the one from Valencia; el de las nueve the nine o'clock one; el de Juan/de mi hijo — Juan's/my son's

b)

el + que...: el que acaba de entrar the one who's just come in; las que yo ví the ones I saw; los que estén cansados; those who are tired, anyone who's tired; la que te guste whichever you like; el que lo haya hecho — whoever has done it

3) ( en expresiones de tiempo)

ocurrió el domingo — it happened last Sunday

mi cumpleaños es el 28 de mayo — my birthday's on May 28

el mes pasado/que viene — last/next month

no trabajo los sábados — I don't work (on) Saturdays

toda la mañana — all morning

a las ocho — at eight o'clock

4) ( cada)

$80 el metro/kilo — $80 a meter/a kilo

5) (con fracciones, porcentajes, números)

la mitad/la cuarta parte del dinero — half the money/a quarter of the money

el 20% de... — 20% of...

el cuarto piso — the fifth floor (AmE) o (BrE) fourth floor

6) (refiriéndose a partes del cuerpo, prendas de vestir, artículos personales, etc)

tenía las manos en los bolsillos — she had her hands in her pockets

te cortaste el pelo! — you've had your hair cut!

tienes la falda sucia — your skirt is dirty

tiene los ojos azules — he has blue eyes

7) ( con nombres propios)

a) (con apellidos acompañados de título, adjetivos, etc)

el señor Ortiz/la doctora Vidal — Mr Ortiz/Doctor Vidal

b) ( en plural)

los Ortega — the Ortegas

c) ( con algunos nombres geográficos)

en la India — in India

en (el) Perú — in Peru; ver África, Argentina, etc

d) ( al calificar)

la España de Franco — Franco's Spain

el Buñuel que todos conocemos — the Buñuel we all know

e) ( con algunos equipos deportivos)

juegan contra el Juventus — they're playing against Juventus

8) el ( con infinitivo)

odiaba el tener que pedírselo — he hated having to ask her

es cuidadoso en el hablar — he's careful in the way he speaks

el frenético girar de los bailarines — the frenzied spinning of the dancers

* * *

el²

= the, ye.

Nota: Forma arcaica.

Ex: The first institute, 'The Catalog: Its Nature and Prospects,' was held in New York City on October 9 and 10, 1975.

Ex: The article 'Ye olde smart card' presents an annotated list of information sources on the credit card industry.

* a lo extremo = to the extreme.

* aunque no lo creas = believe it or not.

* barrio de los ricos = upper town.

* de los mejores = as good as any.

* el abuelo de = the granddaddy of.

* el acabose = the last straw.

* el alcance = comprehensiveness.

* el amor de + Posesivo + vida = the love of + Posesivo + life.

* el año próximo = the year ahead.

* el arte de = the art of, the fine art of.

* el ataque es la mejor defensa = attack is the best form of defence.

* el auténtico = the real McCoy.

* el beneficio de la duda = the benefit of the doubt.

* el bien de = the good of.

* el buenazo de + Nombre = good old + Nombre.

* el bueno de + Nombre = good old + Nombre.

* el camino a seguir = the way ahead, the way to go.

* el camino correcto = the way ahead, the way to go.

* el camino hacia + Nombre + está lleno de + Nombre = the road (to/towards) + Nombre + is paved with + Nombre.

* el camino hacia + Nombre + está plagado de + Nombre = the road (to/towards) + Nombre + is paved with + Nombre.

* el camino por recorrer = the way ahead.

* el camino que lleva a = a/the doorway to.

* el camino recorrido = the road travelled so far.

* el camino se hace andando = actions speak louder than words.

* el centro de atención + ser = all eyes + be + on.

* el charco = the big pond.

* el ciudadano de a pie = the average Joe.

* el ciudadano medio = the average Joe.

* el cliente siempre tiene la razón = the customer is always right.

* el colmo = the last straw.

* el consejo de otra persona = a second opinion.

* el copón = the dog's bollocks, the bee's knees, the cat's meow, the cat's pyjamas, the cat's whiskers.

* el corazón de = the heart of.

* el crecimiento de = the rising tide of.

* el cual = which.

* el de = that in, that of.

* el diablo está en los detalles = the devil (is/lives) in the details.

* el día del Juicio Final = the Day of Judgement.

* El Diluvio = the Flood.

* el dinero es el origen de todos los males = money is the root of all evil.

* el dinero es la fuente de todos los males = money is the root of all evil.

* el dinero mueve al mundo = money makes the world go (a)round.

* el dinero no crece en los árboles = money doesn't grow on trees.

* el doble = twice + as many.

* el doble de = twice + the number of.

* El Dorado = El Dorado.

* el enemigo en casa = the enemy within.

* el entonces + Nombre = the then + Nombre.

* el espíritu de la época = the spirit of the times.

* el estado de las cosas = the lay of the land [the lie of the land, -UK].

* el evitar = avoidance.

* el éxito genera éxito = success breeds success (SBS).

* el éxito llama al éxito = success breeds success (SBS).

* el final de = the close of.

* el final de los problemas = the light at the end of the tunnel.

* el fin del mundo = the ends of the earth.

* el fin de semana = over the weekend, at the weekend.

* el fin de todos los fines = the end of all ends.

* el fin justifica los medios = the end justifies the means.

* el fruto de + Nombre = the fruit of + Nombre.

* el futuro = the way ahead, the way of the future.

* el futuro + estar + justo a la vuelta de la esquina = the future + be + just around the corner.

* el Gato con Botas = Puss in Boots.

* el grado de = the extent of.

* el grado de + Nombre = the breadth and depth of + Nombre.

* el grado en que = the extent to which.

* el gran hermano = big brother.

* el guapo de + Nombre = good old + Nombre.

* el hecho es que = fact is, the fact is (that).

* el hecho es que... = the fact of the matter is that....

* el hombre de la calle = the average Joe.

* el hombre no es una isla = no man is an island.

* el hombre propone y Dios dispone = Man proposes, God disposes.

* el impulsor de = the power behind.

* el interés público = the public interest.

* El Juicio Final = The Last Judgement.

* el lastre de = the shackles of.

* el llevar = carrying.

* el lugar que le corresponde a = the due place of.

* El Mago de Oz = The Wizard of Oz, The Wizard of Oz.

* el más = all-time.

* el más + Adjetivo = the most + Adjetivo.

* el más allá = hereafter.

* el más bajo = rock-bottom.

* el más favorito del mes = pick of the month.

* el más leído = the most widely read.

* el más recomendado = best of breed, the.

* el Mediterráneo = Mediterranean Sea, the, the Med.

* el mejor = best of breed, the.

* el mejor de todos = the cream of the crop, crème de la crème.

* el mejor hasta ahora = the best yet.

* el mejor modo de = the best way of.

* el mejor momento de todos = the time of all times.

* el mejor + Nombre = the best available + Nombre.

* el mejor que ha hecho hasta ahora = Posesivo + best yet.

* el mentir = lying.

* el mes pasado = last month.

* el mío = mine.

* el mismo + Nombre (+ que) = every bit as much + Nombre (+ as).

* el mismo número = as many.

* el modo como = the way in which.

* el modo de = the way in which.

* el modo de + Infinitivo = the way to go about + Gerundio.

* el momento preciso = the point in time at which.

* el motor de = the power behind.

* el movimiento se demuestra andando = actions speak louder than words.

* el muerto al hoyo y el vivo al bollo = dead men have no friends.

* el mundo de las noticias = newsmaking.

* el mundo en la palma de la mano = the world in the palm of + Posesivo + hand.

* el mundo está a sus pies = the world is + Posesivo + oyster.

* el mundo es un pañuelo = it's a small world.

* el + Nombre + correcto al + Nombre + adecuado en el momento oportuno = the right + Nombre + to the right + Nombre + at the right time.

* el + Nombre + es inestimable = the + Nombre + cannot be overestimated.

* el + Nombre + más completo = the + Nombre + to end all + Nombre.

* el no va más = the be all and end all, the bee's knees, the cat's pyjamas, the cat's meow, the cat's whiskers, the dog's bollocks.

* el nuevo aspecto de = the changing face of, the changing nature of.

* el orgullo de = showpiece.

* el otro lado de la barrera = the other side of the fence.

* el padre de = the father of.

* el pan nuestro de cada día = all in a day's work.

* el paso del tiempo = the passage of time, the sands of time.

* el peor de todos = the worst of the lot.

* el perro es el mejor amigo del hombre = a dog is man's best friend.

* el peso de = brunt of, the.

* el populacho = the great unwashed.

* el porqué de = the reason behind, the thinking behind, the reasoning behind, the idea behind.

* el portavoz de = the voice of.

* el presente = thisness.

* el primer intento = the first time around.

* el primer + Nombre = the earliest + Nombre.

* el primero mencionado = former.

* el principal = the number one.

* el principio de = the dawn of.

* el principio del fin = the beginning of the end.

* el principio de + Mes/Estación = early + Mes/Estación.

* el problema no es el qué, sino el cómo = the devil (is/lives) in the details.

* el problema obvio = the elephant in the room.

* el proletariado = the great unwashed.

* el pulmón de = the heart of.

* el punto más bajo = rock-bottom.

* el que = that, the one.

* el que aprende = learner.

* el que las hace, las paga = you've made your bed, now you must lie in it!.

* el que lo encuentre se lo queda = finders keepers.

* el que mantiene a la familia = breadwinner [bread winner].

* el que mucho abarca poco aprieta = jack of all trades, master of none.

* el que no llora, no mama = the squeaky (squeaking) wheel gets the grease (the oil/oiled).

* el que no se aventura no cruza el mar = nothing ventured, nothing gained.

* el que pregunta = inquirer [enquirer, -UK].

* el quid de la cuestión = the crux of the problem, the crux of the matter.

* el registro de los registros = record-of-record.

* el registro modelo = record-of-record.

* el resto = rest, the.

* el resto (de) = the remainder (of), the rest (of).

* El Salvador = El Salvador.

* el segundo mencionado = latter.

* el sendero que lleva a = a/the doorway to.

* el ser barato = cheapness.

* el siguiente no, el otro = next but one.

* el sitio adecuado en el momento adecuado = the right place at the right time.

* el sueño de toda persona = the stuff dreams are made of.

* el sueño de todos = the stuff dreams are made of.

* el sueño de todo ser viviente = the stuff dreams are made of.

* el súmmum = the bee's knees, the cat's pyjamas, the cat's meow, the cat's whiskers, the dog's bollocks.

* el tamaño de = the extent of.

* el tema de la discusión = the focus of the discussion.

* el tema del debate = the focus of the discussion.

* el tiempo de Algo = in season.

* el tiempo es oro = time is money.

* el tiempo lo dirá = only time will tell.

* el tiempo vuela = time flies (by).

* el tipo de = the range of.

* el todo es más grande que la suma de sus partes = the whole is greater than the sum of its parts.

* el total de = the total sum of, the sum total of.

* el transcurrir del tiempo = the sands of time.

* el transcurso del tiempo = as time goes by.

* el último citado = latter.

* el último grito = the last word, the cat's meow, the bee's knees, the cat's pyjamas, the cat's whiskers, the dog's bollocks.

* el último + Nombre = the latest + Nombre.

* el último pero no el menos importante = the last but by no means least.

* el único = the one and only.

* el único e incomparable = the one and only.

* el único e inimitable = the one and only.

* el único problema = a fly in the soup, the fly in the ointment.

* el verdadero = the real McCoy.

* el verdadero problema = the elephant in the room.

* el ver televisión = television viewing.

* el viejo = the elder.

* el vulgo = the great unwashed.

* el yugo de = the shackles of.

* espicharlas = kick + the bucket.

* la = the, ye.

* la alternativa + ser = the alternative + be.

* la belleza es superficial = beauty is only skin deep.

* La Biblioteca Responde = Ask the Library.

* la Biblioteca y el Archivo de Canadá = Library and Archives Canada.

* la buena noticia = the good news.

* la calidad es nuestro lema = quality is our middle name.

* la calma que precede a la tormenta = the lull before the storm.

* la cambiante fisonomía de = the changing face of, the changing nature of.

* la caridad empieza por uno mismo = charity begins at home.

* la ciudadana de a pie = the average Jane.

* la ciudadana media = the average Jane.

* la ciudad que nunca duerme = the city that never sleeps.

* la clave de = at the heart of.

* la clave está en la letra pequeña = the devil (is/lives) in the details.

* la comunidad en general = the community at large.

* la Convención de la Haya de 1954 = the 1954 Hague Convention.

* la copa del árbol = the top of the tree.

* la cosa es que = the thing is.

* la cosa principal = the number one thing.

* la crème de la crème = the cream of the crop, crème de la crème.

* la cruz de = the bane of.

* la cuestión es que = the thing is.

* la década de los + Número = the + Número + s.

* la demanda de = a call for.

* la diversidad de = the range of.

* la diversidad de + Nombre = the many + Nombre.

* la edad se lleva en el alma = you are as old as you feel.

* la época de Algo = in season.

* la escoria de la sociedad = the gutter.

* la espalda de = the back of.

* la evidencia = the writing on the wall.

* la fe mueve montañas = faith will move mountains.

* la filosofía de = the reason behind, the reasoning behind.

* la flor de + Nombre = the prime of + Nombre.

* la flor y nata = the cream of the crop, crème de la crème.

* la forma correcta de hacer las cosas = the way to go.

* la forma de = ways and means (of/for/to/in/by).

* la forma de + Infinitivo = the way to go about + Gerundio.

* la forma de ver las cosas = the way + to see things.

* la fuerza de la mayoría = strength in numbers.

* la gente decía que = rumour had it that.

* la gente dice que = rumour has it that.

* la gente se está inquietando = the natives are nervous.

* la gente se está poniendo nerviosa = the natives are nervous.

* la gente se puso de pie para aplaudir = standing ovation.

* la gota que colmó el vaso = the straw that broke the camel's back.

* la Gran Manzana = the Big Apple.

* la gran mayoría de = the vast majority of, the bulk of.

* la historia + repetirse = history + come full circle.

* la historia + volverse a repetir = history + come full circle.

* la hostia = the cat's pyjamas, the cat's pyjamas, the bee's knees, the cat's meow, the cat's whiskers, the dog's bollocks.

* la hoz y el martillo = the hammer and sickle.

* la idea que hay detrás de = the idea behind.

* la imaginación no tiene límites = your imagination is the limit.

* la imitación es la mejor forma de que lo halaguen a uno = imitation is the sincerest form of flattery.

* La Isla del Tesoro = Treasure Island.

* la joya de = showpiece.

* la judicatura = the Bench.

* la justicia = the Bench.

* la juventud no es cuestión de edad sino de espíritu = you are as old as you feel.

* la leche = the dog's bollocks, the bee's knees, the cat's meow, the cat's pyjamas, the cat's whiskers.

* la luz al final del túnel = the light at the end of the tunnel.

* la magistratura = the Bench.

* la manera de + Infinitivo = the way to go about + Gerundio.

* la mano que mece la cuna es la mano que domina el mundo = the hand that rocks the cradle rules the world.

* la mano que mece la cuna gobierna el mundo = the hand that rocks the cradle rules the world.

* la mar de = a whole slew of.

* la mayoría con mucho de = the vast majority of.

* la mayoría de = the majority of, most + Nombre, the main bulk of.

* la mayoría de la gente = most people, the majority of the people.

* la mayoría de las personas = most people, the majority of the people.

* la mayoría de las veces = most of the time, more often than not.

* la mayoría del mundo = the majority of the world, most people, the majority of the people.

* la mayoría del tiempo = most of the time.

* la mayor parte de = the majority of, the main bulk of, the lion's share of.

* la mayor parte de las veces = more often than not.

* la medida en que = the extent to which.

* la mejor forma de hacer Algo = best practices, lessons learned [lessons learnt].

* la mejor manera = how best.

* la mejor manera de = the best way of.

* la mejor oferta = the best deal.

* la mejor opción = the best bet.

* la mejor salida = the best way forward.

* la mejor solución = the best way forward.

* la menor duda de que = no doubt whatsoever.

* la mentira = lying.

* la mirada en = eye(s) on.

* la misma persona = one and the same person.

* la mitad (1/2) = one-half (1/2).

* la necesidad agudiza el ingenio = necessity mothers invention.

* la ocasión la pintan calva = make + hay while the sun shines.

* la opinión de otra persona = a second opinion.

* la oportunidad de + Posesivo + vida = the opportunity of a lifetime.

* la parte de atrás de = the back of.

* la parte más dura de = brunt of, the.

* la parte más importante = the heart of.

* la parte principal de = the bulk of.

* la parte superior izquierda de = the upper left of.

* la parte trasera de = the back of.

* la personificación de la confianza en uno mismo = confidence personified.

* la pesadilla de = the bane of.

* la pesca del día = the day's catch, the catch of the day.

* la petición de = a call for.

* la píldora = the pill.

* la plebe = the great unwashed.

* la polla = the dog's bollocks, the bee's knees, the cat's meow, the cat's pyjamas, the cat's whiskers.

* la práctica hace al maestro = practice makes perfect.

* la primera tentativa = the first time around.

* la primera vez = the first time around.

* la proporción mayor de = the lion's share of.

* la próxima moda = the next hot thing.

* la puntilla = the final/last nail in + Posesivo + coffin.

* la que = that, the one.

* la razón de ser = the reason for being.

* la realidad es que = the fact remains that..., fact is, the fact is (that).

* la rehostia = the dog's bollocks, the bee's knees, the cat's meow, the cat's pyjamas, the cat's whiskers.

* la responsabilidad ahora recae en + Nombre = the ball is in + Posesivo + court.

* la responsabilidad es de... = the buck + stops....

* la riqueza de = the wealth of.

* la ruina de = the bane of.

* las = the, ye.

* las 24 horas = round the clock, around the clock.

* las apariencias engañan = don't judge a book by its cover, there's more to it than meets the eye.

* las ataduras de = the shackles of.

* las autoridades = the powers-that-be.

* las cosas + cambiar = pendulum + swing.

* las cosas + estar + claras = the (hand)writing + be + on the wall, see it + coming.

* las cosas no pasan así como así = everything happens for a reason (and a purpose).

* las cosas no pasan (así) porque sí = everything happens for a reason (and a purpose).

* las cosas no son tan simples como parecen = there's more to it than meets the eye.

* las cosas + seguir + igual = business + revolve + as usual.

* las cosas siguen igual = business as usual.

* las cosas sólo pasan una vez = lightning never strikes twice.

* las cosas son más complicadas de lo que parecen = there's more to it than meets the eye.

* las cosas tal y como son = the birds and the bees.

* las cosas + volver + a su punto de partida = the wheel + turn + full circle.

* las de = those for.

* las doce del mediodía = noon.

* la segunda mitad de + Fecha = the latter part of + Fecha.

* la segunda opción = the next best choice.

* la segunda vez = the second time around.

* la semana pasada = last week.

* la senda que lleva a = a/the doorway to.

* la situación = the course of events.

* la sociedad en general = society at large.

* las posibilidades son infinitas = the possibilities are endless.

* las profundidades del mar = the deep.

* las profundidades del océano = the deep.

* las pruebas = the writing on the wall.

* las raíces se encuentran = roots + lie.

* las raíces se remontan a = roots + lie.

* las razones de = the reason behind, the thinking behind, the reasoning behind, the idea behind.

* las Reglas de Cutter para un Catálogo Diccionario = Cutter's Rules for a Dictionary Catalog.

* las triquiñuelas de la letra pequeña = the devil (is/lives) in the details.

* la suerte + cambiar = the tide + turn.

* la suerte estaba echada = the die was cast, the die had been cast.

* la suerte está echada = the die is cast.

* la suma total de = the total sum of, the sum total of.

* las uvas están verdes = sour grapes.

* las veinticuatro horas = day and night, day or night, night and day.

* la temporada de Algo = in season.

* la tierra de la abundancia = the land of plenty.

* la tierra de las oportunidades = the land of opportunity.

* la tira de = a whole slew of.

* la tira de tiempo = donkey's years.

* la triste realidad es que = the sad fact is (that).

* la última palabra = the last word, the last word, the bee's knees, the cat's pyjamas, the cat's meow, the cat's whiskers, the dog's bollocks.

* la última vez = last time.

* la última vez que = the last time.

* la única pega = the fly in the ointment, a fly in the soup.

* la unión hace la fuerza = strength in numbers.

* la ventaja de = the beauty of.

* la ventaja es que = on the positive side, the advantage is that, on the bright side.

* la verdad = the lowdown (on).

* la verdad es que = if the truth be known, if the truth be told, the fact is (that), fact is.

* la verdad es que... = the fact of the matter is that....

* la verdad sea dicha = to tell the truth.

* la verdad sea dicha que = if the truth be told.

* la Vía Láctea = the Milky Way.

* la vida continúa = the show must go on.

* la vida + continuar = life + go on.

* la vida es así = life's like that.

* ¡la vida no es un camino de rosas! = the course of true love never did run smooth!.

* la vida + seguir = life + go on.

* la víspera de = on the eve of.

* la voz de = the voice of.

* la voz de la conciencia = the voice within.

* la voz de la experiencia = the voice of experience.

* la voz de la razón = the voice of reason.

* la voz del odio = the voice of hate.

* la voz interior = the voice within.

* lo absurdo = ridiculousness.

* lo adecuado = adequacy.

* lo + Adjetivo + que sea/esté = how + Adjetivo.

* lo anodino = blandness.

* lo anteriormente expuesto = the preceding.

* lo apropiado = appropriateness.

* lo barato = inexpensiveness.

* lo básico = essential, the, nuts and bolts, bare minimum, bare necessities, the, the lowdown (on).

* lo bastante elevado = high enough.

* lo bastante extenso = adequately scoped.

* lo bueno de = the beauty of.

* lo bueno es que = the good news is (that)..., on the positive side, on the bright side.

* lo bueno viene en frascos pequeños = small is beautiful.

* lo bueno y lo malo = the rights and wrongs.

* lo caro = expensiveness.

* lo chicano = Chicana.

* lo chulo = coolness.

* lo cierto es que = fact is, the fact is (that).

* lo completo = completeness.

* lo completo que Algo está = fullness.

* lo creas o no = believe it or not.

* lo decisivo = the last word.

* lo definitivo = the last word.

* lo desagradable = unpleasantness.

* ¿lo dices en broma? = you must be joking!, you must be kidding!.

* lo directo = directness.

* lo divertido = the fun part.

* lo engorroso de = cumbersomeness.

* lo esencial = essential, the, nuts and bolts, bare minimum, bare necessities, the, the lowdown (on).

* lo estrafalario = zaniness.

* lo estrambótico = zaniness.

* lo extenso = comprehensiveness.

* lo favorable = propitiousness.

* lo hebraico = Hebraica.

* lo hecho hecho está = no use crying over spilt/spilled milk.

* lo importante es lo que eres no cómo te llamas = a rose by any other name.

* lo imprescindible = bare necessities, the, bare minimum.

* lo incómodo de = cumbersomeness.

* lo indefinido = indefiniteness.

* lo indirecto = indirectness.

* lo indispensable = bare necessities, the, bare minimum.

* lo insulso = blandness.

* lo interesante = the fun part.

* lo judío = Judaica.

* lo lindo = cuteness.

* lo llano = flatness.

* lo más cercano a = the nearest thing to.

* lo más conveniente es que = optimally.

* lo más destacado = highlights.

* lo más detestado = pet hate.

* lo más importante = most of all, at its core.

* lo más interesante = highlights.

* lo más mínimo = so much as.

* lo más novedoso = the last word.

* lo más odiado = pet hate.

* lo más parecido a = the nearest thing to.

* lo más probable es que = most probably.

* lo más recio de = brunt of, the.

* lo más recóndito = nooks and crannies.

* lo máximo = the be all and end all, the bee's knees, the cat's pyjamas, the cat's meow, the cat's whiskers, the dog's bollocks.

* lo mejor = the top of the tree.

* lo mejor de = the beauty of, showpiece.

* lo mejor de ambas partes = the best of both worlds.

* lo mejor de lo mejor = the best of the best.

* lo mejor de todo = best of all.

* lo mejor entre lo mejor = the best of the best.

* lo mejor es que... = the good news is (that)....

* lo mejor está aún por llegar = the best is yet to come.

* lo mejor posible = to the best of + Posesivo + ability, at + Posesivo + (very) best, optimally.

* lo mejor que pueda = to the best of + Posesivo + ability.

* lo mejor que se puede hacer = the best bet.

* lo mejor + ser = the beautiful part + be.

* lo menos posible = as little as possible.

* lo mínimo = bare minimum, bare necessities, the.

* lo mismo ocurre con = the same goes for.

* lo mismo ocurre en el caso de = the same is true (for/of/with).

* lo mismo que = the same as, along the lines of, in much the same way as.

* lo mismo que antes = the same as before.

* lo mismo que para = the same as that for.

* lo mismo se aplica a = the same is true (for/of/with).

* lo molesto de = cumbersomeness.

* lo mucho que = how extensively.

* lo noble = high-mindedness.

* lo no convencional = unconventional, the.

* lo normal + ser + que = there + be + a tendency (to/for), there + be + a tendency (to/for).

* lo oportuno = timeliness.

* lo pasado pasado está = let bygones be bygones.

* lo peor de = brunt of, the.

* lo peor del = the armpit of the.

* lo pintoresco = quaintness.

* lo plano = flatness.

* lo poco común = rarity, rareness.

* lo poco convencional = unconventional, the.

* lo primero = for one, first off.

* lo primero de todo = first of all, first off.

* lo prometido es deuda = a promise is a promise.

* lo propicio = propitiousness.

* lo público = publicness.

* lo que = that which, what.

* lo que aguarda a = what is on store for.

* lo que Algo o Alguien se merece, lo que le corresponde, bastante = fair share, fair share.

* lo que a uno cura a otro mata = one man's meat is another man's poison.

* lo que demuestra que = which (just) goes to show that.

* lo que el futuro depara a = what is on store for.

* lo que es aun más inquietante = more disturbingly.

* lo que es aun más preocupante = more disturbingly.

* lo que es aun mejor = better still.

* lo que es aun peor = worse still.

* lo que es bueno para uno es bueno para otro = what's sauce for the goose is sauce for the gander.

* lo que es bueno para uno también es bueno para otro = what's good for the goose is good for the gander.

* lo que es más = what is more, what's more.

* lo que es más importante = most importantly, more importantly, most of all, most important.

* lo que es mejor aun = better still.

* lo que es muy importante = importantly.

* lo que es peor = what's worse.

* lo que es peor aun = worse still.

* lo que espera a = what is on store for.

* lo que está bien y lo que está mal = rights and wrongs.

* lo que existe (en el mercado) = what's out there.

* lo que haya que de ser, será = que sera sera, what's meant to be, will be, whatever will be, will be.

* lo que hay (en el mercado) = what's out there.

* lo que hay que hacer = do + the right thing, the way to go.

* lo que hay que hacer y lo que hay que evitar = do's and don'ts, rights and wrongs.

* lo que le corresponde = fair share.

* lo que nos espera = things to come.

* lo que quiera que = whatever.

* lo que sea = something or other.

* lo que se gana por un lado se pierde por otro = swings and roundabouts.

* lo que se pierda en una cosa se gana en la otra = what you lose on the swings you gain on the roundabouts.

* lo que + ser = what + be like.

* lo que se suele pagar = going rate, the.

* lo que tenga que pasar, que pase = que sera sera, what's meant to be, will be, whatever will be, will be.

* lo que tenga que ser, será = que sera sera, whatever will be, will be, what's meant to be, will be.

* lo que vale para tí también vale para mí = what's good for the goose is good for the gander, what's sauce for the goose is sauce for the gander.

* lo rural = rurality.

* los = the, ye.

* los 365 días del año = year-round.

* los 40 principales = Top 40 singles chart.

* los abajo firmantes = the parties hereto.

* los acontecimientos = the course of events.

* lo sagrado = sacredness.

* los albores de = the dawn of.

* los años cincuenta = fifties.

* los años treinta = thirties.

* los árboles no dejan ver el bosque = lose + sight of the forest for the trees.

* los avatares de la guerra = the tides of war.

* los buenos tiempos = the good old days.

* los comienzos de = the dawn of.

* los constantes cambios de = the changing face of, the changing nature of.

* los de = those for, those in.

* los demás = rest, the, everybody else.

* los detalles de la letra pequeña = the devil (is/lives) in the details.

* los días antes de = leading up to.

* los dos = both, both of them, both of which.

* los efectos negativos se están dejando sentir ahora = chickens come home to roost.

* los gobernantes = the powers-that-be.

* los hay para dar y regalar = there's one born every minute.

* los mandamás = the powers-that-be.

* los más necesitados = those most in need.

* los más pobres + Nombre = the poorest + Nombre.

* los menos locuaces = inarticulate, the.

* los motivos de = the reason behind, the thinking behind, the reasoning behind, the idea behind.

* los necesitados = the needy.

* los orígenes de = the dawn of.

* los otros con los que aparece(n) = neighbours [neighbors, -USA].

* los peores + Nombre = the poorest + Nombre.

* los poderes fáticos = the powers-that-be.

* los pormenores de la letra pequeña = the devil (is/lives) in the details.

* Los Principios de París = Paris Principles.

* los que = those who.

* los que detentan el poder = the powers-that-be.

* los que mandan = the powers-that-be.

* los que no han recibido formación específica = uninstructed, the.

* los que + Verbo = those + Participio.

* los tribunales = the Bench.

* lo suficientemente cerca = within range.

* lo suficientemente cerca como para oír = within earshot of.

* lo suficientemente estúpido como para = dumb enough to.

* lo suficientemente grande = large enough, big enough.

* lo suficientemente lejos como para no poder oír = out of earshot.

* los últimos coletazos = fag-end.

* lo sumo = the bee's knees, the cat's meow, the cat's whiskers, the dog's bollocks, the cat's pyjamas.

* los unos a costa de los otros = at each other's expense.

* los viejos tiempos = the good old days.

* lo tomas o lo dejas = take it or leave it.

* lo último = the last word.

* lo uno es tan malo como lo otro = one is as bad as the other.

* lo vanguardista = cutting edge.

* lo yidish = Yiddica.

* parmarlas = kick + the bucket.

* ser lo que nos espera = be the shape of things to come.

* * *

el (pl los), la; (pl las)

art

[ the masculine article el is also used before feminine nouns which begin with accented a or, ha e.g. el agua pura, el hada madrina]

A (con un referente único, conocido o que se define) the

el sol the sun

el lápiz/la goma/los lápices/las gomas que compré the pencil/the eraser/the pencils/the erasers I bought

no, ése no, el que te presté ayer/el de Julio/el rojo no, not that one, the one I lent you yesterday/Julio's/the red one

en la calle Solís in Solís Street

prefiero el mío/los tuyos I prefer mine/yours

me atendió el estúpido del marido that stupid husband of hers served me

yo soy la arquitecta, ella es lexicógrafa I'm the architect, she's a lexicographer

yo fui la que lo rompí or rompió I was the one who broke it

los nacidos entre … those born between …

los que faltamos ayer those of us who weren't here yesterday

¿cuál es Ardiles? — el del sombrero negro which one's Ardiles? — the one with the black hat

un encuentro al que asistieron muchas personalidades a meeting which was attended by many well known people

la obra de la que or de la cual hablábamos the play we were talking about

B

(con sustantivos en sentido genérico): me encanta la ópera I love opera

odio el pescado I hate fish

así es la vida that's life

(nosotros) los mexicanos lo sabemos muy bien we Mexicans know only too well

¿ya vas a la escuela? do you go to school yet?

ya salió del hospital she's out of the hospital ( AmE) o ( BrE) out of hospital

en el mar at sea

viajar por el espacio to travel in space

C

(en expresiones de tiempo): ocurrió el domingo de Pascua/en el verano del 76 it happened on Easter Sunday/in the summer of '76

mi cumpleaños es el 28 de mayo my birthday's on May 28

el mes pasado/que viene last/next month

no trabaja los sábados she doesn't work (on) Saturdays

estudió toda la mañana he studied all morning

a las ocho at eight o'clock, at eight

a eso de las seis around six o'clock

D

(cada): lo venden a $80 el kilo/metro they're selling it at $80 a kilo/a meter o at $80 per kilo/meter

¿cuánto cuesta el paquete de diez? how much does a packet of ten cost?

E

(con fracciones, porcentajes, números): me dio la mitad/la cuarta parte del dinero she gave me half the money/a quarter of the money

el 20% de los peruanos 20% of Peruvians

vivo en el cuarto I live on the fifth floor ( AmE) o ( BrE) fourth floor

F [ Vocabulary notes (Spanish) ]

(refiriéndose a partes del cuerpo, prendas de vestir, artículos personales, etc): con las manos en los bolsillos with my/your/his hands in my/your/his pockets

¡te cortaste el pelo! you've had your hair cut!

tienes la falda sucia your skirt is dirty

tienes el suéter puesto al revés you've got your sweater on inside out

tiene el pelo largo/los ojos azules he has long hair/blue eyes

G (con nombres propios)

1

(con apellidos acompañados de título, adjetivos, etc): llamó el señor Ortiz/la doctora Vidal/el general Santos Mr Ortiz/Doctor Vidal/General Santos phoned

el gran Caruso the Great Caruso

2

(con nombres de mujeres famosas): la última película de la Monroe Monroe's last movie

3

(en plural): los Ortega (matrimonio) the Ortegas, Mr and Mrs Ortega; (familia) the Ortegas, the Ortega family

a los Josés se les suele llamar Pepe people called José are often known as Pepe

4 (fam: en muchas regiones crit)

(con nombres de pila): pregúntale a la Carmen/al Ricardo ask Carmen/Ricardo

5

(con algunos nombres geográficos): en la India in India

en (el) Perú in Peru

ver África, Argentina, el etc

6

(al calificar): la España de Franco Franco's Spain

el Buñuel que todos conocemos the Buñuel we all know

la Italia del siglo pasado Italy in the last century

7

(con algunos equipos deportivos): juegan contra el Juventus/el Barcelona they're playing against Juventus/Barcelona

H el

(con infinitivo): odiaba el tener que pedírselo he hated having to ask her

es cuidadoso y pausado en el hablar he's careful and deliberate in the way he speaks

el frenético girar de los bailarines the frenzied spinning of the dancers

al + INF ver a prep B 2. (↑ a 3)

* * *

Multiple Entries:
el
él
el (pl
◊ los), la (pl las) art the masculine article el is also used before feminine nouns which begin with accented a or ha, e.g. el agua pura, el hada madrina

1
a) ( en general) the;

◊ la Tierra the Earth

b) ( con sustantivos en sentido genérico):

◊ odio el pescado I hate fish;

así es la vida that's life;
(nosotros) los mexicanos we Mexicans;
¿ya vas a la escuela? do you go to school yet?
c) ( refiriéndose a algo que se conoce o se está definiendo):

◊ en la calle Solis in Solis street;

las tuyas yours;
el último the last one;
el estúpido del marido that stupid husband of hers
2
a) el + de:

◊ la del sombrero the one with the hat;

el de las nueve the nine o'clock one;
el de mi hijo my son's
b) el + que:

◊ las que yo ví the ones I saw;

los que estén cansados;
those who are tired, anyone who's tired;
la que te guste whichever you like
3 ( en expresiones de tiempo):
◊ ocurrió el domingo it happened last Sunday;

mi cumpleaños es el 28 de mayo my birthday's on May 28;
el mes pasado last month;
toda la mañana all morning;
a las ocho at eight o'clock
4 ( cada):
◊ $80 el metro/kilo $80 a meter/a kilo, $80 per kilo/meter

5 (con fracciones, porcentajes, números):
◊ la mitad/la cuarta parte del dinero half the money/a quarter of the money;

el 20% de … 20% of …
6 (con partes del cuerpo, prendas de vestir, artículos personales, etc):
◊ tenía las manos en los bolsillos she had her hands in her pockets;

¡te cortaste el pelo! you've had your hair cut!;
tiene los ojos azules he has blue eyes
7
a) (con apellidos acompañados de título, adjetivos, etc):

◊ el señor Ortiz/la doctora Vidal Mr Ortiz/Doctor Vidal;

los Ortega the Ortegas
b) ( con algunos nombres geográficos):

◊ en la India in India;

ver África, Argentina, etc
él pron pers
a) ( como sujeto) he;

◊ ¿quién se lo va a decir? — él who's going to tell her? — he is;

lo hizo él mismo he did it himself;
fue él it was him
b) (en comparaciones, con preposiciones) him;

( refiriéndose a cosas) it;
◊ llegué antes que él I arrived before him o before he did;

con/para él with/for him;
son de él they're his
el art def m
1 the
2 (no se traduce) (ante un tratamiento formal) el sr. Gómez, Mr Gomez
(cuando el sustantivo es general) el hambre/tiempo, hunger/time
3 (se traduce por un posesivo) (con partes del cuerpo) se ha cortado el pelo, she's cut her hair
(prendas) se lo metió en el bolsillo, he put it in his pocket
(pertenencias) guarda el diario en el cajón, put your diary into the drawer
4 (con días de la semana) iré el miércoles, I'll go on Wednesday
5 (cuando el sustantivo está elidido) the one: prefiero el azul, I prefer the blue one
el de las diez, the ten o'clock one
el que está en la mesa, the one that's on the table
el que más nos guste, whichever one we like best
(delante de un posesivo) el de María, Maria's
es el mío, it's mine
él pron pers
1 (sujeto) (persona) he
(animal, cosa) it: fue él, it was him, fue él el que..., it was him that... o it was he who...
2 (complemento) (persona) him
(animal, cosa) it
dáselo a él, give it to him, es para él, it's for him
3 (posesivo) de él, his
4 (oración comparativa) ella es mejor que él, she's better than him o she's better than he is
'él' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
A
- abajo
- abalanzarse
- abaratarse
- abarquillarse
- abarrotar
- abarrotada
- abarrotado
- abastecimiento
- abatir
- abatimiento
- abdicar
- abierta
- abierto
- abismo
- abogada
- abogado
- abominar
- abominable
- abordar
- aborigen
- aborregarse
- abortar
- abotargada
- abotargado
- abrir
- abreviar
- abrirse
- absoluta
- absoluto
- abstención
- abundancia
- acabar
- acabarse
- acabose
- acallar
- acanallar
- accionariado
- acero
- achacosa
- achacoso
- achatamiento
- achicharrarse
- aclarar
- aclarado
- acomodarse
- acompañar
- acondicionar
- acostumbrada
- acostumbrado
English:
A
- abandon
- ABC
- ability
- about
- above
- abroad
- abseil
- absence
- absent
- absolute
- absolve
- absorb
- abstract
- academic
- accelerate
- accommodate
- accomplice
- account
- accurately
- accusation
- accused
- accustom
- aching
- act
- act on
- act up
- actual
- actually
- acute
- address
- adequately
- adjourn
- admission
- admit
- advance
- advanced
- advantage
- advantageous
- advise
- advocate
- affair
- afford
- afloat
- afraid
- after
- against
- age
- agenda
- aggregate

* * *

el (f la, mpl los, fpl las) art determinado el is used instead of la before feminine nouns which are stressed on the first syllable and begin with “a” or “ha” (e.g. el agua, el hacha). Note that el combines with the prepositions a and de to produce the contracted forms al and del.

1. [con valor especificador] the;

el coche the car;

la casa the house;

los niños the children;

el agua/hacha/águila the water/axe/eagle;

fui a recoger a los niños I went to pick up the children

2. [con sustantivo abstracto, valor genérico]
el amor love;

la vida life;

el hombre Man, human beings;

los derechos de la mujer women's rights;

los niños imitan a los adultos children copy adults;

el pan es un alimento básico bread is a basic food;

la mayoría de la gente no la conoce most people don't know her;

vuelve el biquini bikinis are back

3. [indica posesión, pertenencia]
se partió la pierna he broke his leg;

se quitó los zapatos she took her shoes off;

tiene el pelo oscuro he has dark hair;

me han robado la maleta my suitcase has been stolen;

se dieron la mano they shook hands

4. [con días de la semana, fechas, horas]
vuelven el sábado they're coming back on Saturday;

los domingos vamos al cine we go to the movies (on) Sundays;

llegaré el 1 de mayo [escrito] I'll arrive on 1 May;
[hablado] I'll arrive on the first of May;
son las siete it's seven o'clock;

el año pasado/que viene last/next year

5. [con nombres propios geográficos]
el Sena the (River) Seine;

el Everest (Mount) Everest;

la India India;

La Haya The Hague;

El Cairo Cairo;

la España de la posguerra post-war Spain

6. [con apellido]
la señora Márquez Mrs Márquez;

el señor/el doctor Juárez Mr/Doctor Juárez;

los Amaya [matrimonio] Mr and Mrs Amaya, the Amayas;
[familia completa] the Amayas, the Amaya family;
los Austrias the Hapsburgs;

el Hitler español the Spanish Hitler

7. Fam [con nombre propio de persona]
llama a la María call Maria

8. [con numerales, porcentajes, fracciones]
el siete es mi número de la suerte seven's my lucky number;

llegó el tercero he came third;

el tercer piso the third floor;

un aumento del 30 por ciento a 30 percent increase;

la quinta parte (de) a fifth (of);

el 20 por ciento (de) 20 percent (of)

9. [en proporciones, precios]
100 pesos el kilo 100 pesos a o per kilo

10. [con complemento especificativo]
el/la del sombrero the one with the hat;

los/las de azul [cosas] the blue ones;
[personas] the ones in blue;
he perdido el tren, cogeré el de las nueve I've missed the train, I'll get the nine o'clock one;

el de aquí this one here;

¿los del parque son amigos tuyos? were those people in the park friends of yours?;

prefiero las del escaparate I prefer the ones in the window;

los del fondo no se callan the people at the back won't shut up

11. [con complemento posesivo]
mi hermano y el de Juan my brother and Juan's;

el mío mine;

la tuya yours;

los suyos theirs

12. [con adjetivo]
prefiero el rojo al azul I prefer the red one to the blue one;

el/la mejor the best;

es la mejor de la clase she's the best in the class, she's top of the class;

los seleccionados realizarán un examen those chosen will sit an exam;

el tonto de Ignacio se equivocó that idiot Ignacio got it wrong

13. [con infinitivo]
el beber tanto acabó con él all that drinking is what finished him off;

es amante del buen comer she loves good food;

me sienta mal el tener que decírtelo I don't like to have to tell you

14. [con frases subordinadas]
el/la que [cosa] whichever;
[persona] whoever;
los/las que [cosas] whichever;
[personas] whoever;
coge el/los que quieras take whichever you like;

el que más corra whoever runs fastest, the one who runs the fastest;

las que quieran venir que levanten la mano those who want to come o anyone who wants to come should put their hand up;

el que no te guste no quiere decir que sea malo the fact that you don't like him doesn't make him a bad person

15. [con valor enfático]
¡la pena que me dio verlo en ese estado! I felt so sorry for him when I saw him in that state!

* * *

el

I art the

II pron

:

el de … that of …;

el de Juan Juan’s;

el más grande the biggest (one);

el que está … the one that is …

* * *

él pron

: he, him

él es mi amigo: he's my friend

hablaremos con él: we will speak with him

el pron, (referring to masculine nouns)

1) : the one

tengo mi libro y el tuyo: I have my book and yours

de los cantantes me gusta el de México: I prefer the singer from México

2)

el que : he who, whoever, the one that

el que vino ayer: the one who came yesterday

el que trabaja duro estará contento: he who works hard will be happy

el, la art, pl los, las : the

los niños están en la casa: the boys are in the house

me duele el pie: my foot hurts

* * *

el det

1. the

¿qué te pareció el libro? what did you think of the book?

perdimos el tren we missed the train

2. (posesivo) my / your / his / her etcétera

me rompí el brazo I broke my arm

es el hermano de María it's María's brother

¿te has cortado el pelo? have you had your hair cut?

se puso el jersey he put his jumper on

3. (característica) the one

¿cuál prefieres? el azul which one do you prefer? the blue one

el del pelo largo the one with long hair

el de la camisa negra the one in the black shirt

me gusta el de Alejo I like Alejo's

¡Ojo! Algunas veces no se traduce

¿quieres salir el sábado? do you want to go out on Saturday?

el Sr. García Mr. García

me gusta el arroz I like rice

el que (persona) the one who / the one that (cosa) the one which / the one that

el que llegó primero the one who came first

el que me dejaste the one you lent me

el que (quienquiera) whoever

con el que that... with

el chico con el que salgo the boy that I go out with

el cuchillo con el que lo corté the knife that I cut it with

en el que that... in

el cajón en el que lo puse the drawer that I put it in

el coche en el que iban the car that they were in

Spanish-English dictionary > él
13 go

Ⅰ.

go¹ [gəʊ]

noun

(game) jeu m de go

Ⅱ.

go² [gəʊ]

aller ⇒ 1A (a)-(c), 1A (e), 1A (f), 1E (a)-(c), 1G (a), 2 (a) s'en aller ⇒ 1A (d) être ⇒ 1B (a) devenir ⇒ 1B (b) tomber en panne ⇒ 1B (c) s'user ⇒ 1B (d) se détériorer ⇒ 1B (e) commencer ⇒ 1C (a) aller (+ infinitif) ⇒ 1C (b), 1C (c) marcher ⇒ 1C (d) disparaître ⇒ 1D (a), 1D (c) se passer ⇒ 1E (d) s'écouler ⇒ 1E (e) s'appliquer ⇒ 1F (b) se vendre ⇒ 1F (e) contribuer ⇒ 1G (c) aller ensemble ⇒ 1H (a) tenir le coup ⇒ 1H (c) faire ⇒ 2 (b), 2 (c) coup ⇒ 3 (a) essai ⇒ 3 (a) tour ⇒ 3 (b) dynamisme ⇒ 3 (c)

(pl goes [gəʊz], 3rd pres sing goes [gəʊz], pt went [went], pp gone [gɒn])

1 intransitive verb

A.

(a) (move, travel → person) aller; (→ vehicle) aller, rouler;

∎ we're going to Paris/Japan/Spain nous allons à Paris/au Japon/en Espagne;

∎ he went to the office/a friend's house il est allé au bureau/chez un ami;

∎ I want to go home je veux rentrer;

∎ the salesman went from house to house le vendeur est allé de maison en maison;

∎ we went by car/on foot nous y sommes allés en voiture/à pied;

∎ there goes the train! voilà le train (qui passe)!;

∎ the bus goes by way of or through Dover le bus passe par Douvres;

∎ does this train go to Glasgow? ce train va-t-il à Glasgow?;

∎ the truck was going at 150 kilometres an hour le camion roulait à ou faisait du 150 kilomètres (à l')heure;

∎ go behind those bushes va derrière ces arbustes;

∎ where do we go from here? où va-t-on maintenant?; figurative qu'est-ce qu'on fait maintenant?;

∎ to go to the doctor aller voir ou aller chez le médecin;

∎ he went straight to the director il est allé directement voir ou trouver le directeur;

∎ to go to prison aller en prison;

∎ to go to the toilet aller aux toilettes;

∎ to go to sb for advice aller demander conseil à qn;

∎ let the children go first laissez les enfants passer devant, laissez passer les enfants d'abord;

∎ I'll go next c'est à moi après;

∎ who goes next? (in game) c'est à qui (le tour)?;

∎ Military who goes there? qui va là?, qui vive?;

∎ here we go again! ça y est, ça recommence!;

∎ there he goes! le voilà!;

∎ there he goes again! (there he is again) le revoilà!; (he's doing it again) ça y est, il est reparti!

(b) (engage in a specified activity) aller;

∎ to go shopping aller faire des courses;

∎ to go fishing/hunting aller à la pêche/à la chasse;

∎ to go riding aller faire du cheval;

∎ let's go for a walk/bike ride/swim allons nous promener/faire un tour à vélo/nous baigner;

∎ they went on a trip ils sont partis en voyage;

∎ British go and buy the paper, American go buy the paper va acheter le journal;

∎ I'll go to see her or American go see her tomorrow j'irai la voir demain;

∎ don't go and tell him!, don't go telling him! ne va pas le lui dire!, ne le lui dis pas!;

∎ don't go bothering your sister ne va pas embêter ta sœur;

∎ you had to go and tell him! il a fallu que tu le lui dises!;

∎ he's gone and locked us out! il est parti et nous a laissé à la porte!;

∎ you've gone and done it now! vraiment, tu as tout gâché!

(c) (proceed to specified limit) aller;

∎ he'll go as high as £300 il ira jusqu'à 300 livres;

∎ the temperature went as high as 36° C la température est montée jusqu'à 36° C;

∎ he went so far as to say it was her fault il est allé jusqu'à dire que c'était de sa faute à elle;

∎ now you've gone too far! là tu as dépassé les bornes!;

∎ I'll go further and say he should resign j'irai plus loin et je dirai qu'il ou j'irai jusqu'à dire qu'il devrait démissionner;

∎ the temperature sometimes goes below zero la température descend ou tombe parfois au-dessous de zéro;

∎ her attitude went beyond mere impertinence son comportement était plus qu'impertinent

(d) (depart, leave) s'en aller, partir;

∎ I must be going il faut que je m'en aille ou que je parte;

∎ they went early ils sont partis tôt;

∎ you may go vous pouvez partir;

∎ what time does the train go? à quelle heure part le train?;

∎ familiar get going! vas-y!, file!;

∎ archaic be gone! allez-vous-en!;

∎ either he goes or I go l'un de nous deux doit partir

(e) (indicating regular attendance) aller, assister;

∎ to go to church/school aller à l'église/l'école;

∎ to go to a meeting aller ou assister à une réunion;

∎ to go to work (to one's place of work) aller au travail

(f) (indicating direction or route) aller, mener;

∎ that road goes to the market square cette route va ou mène à la place du marché

B.

(a) (be or remain in specified state) être;

∎ to go barefoot/naked se promener pieds nus/tout nu;

∎ to go armed porter une arme;

∎ her family goes in rags sa famille est en haillons;

∎ the job went unfilled le poste est resté vacant;

∎ to go unnoticed passer inaperçu;

∎ such crimes must not go unpunished de tels crimes ne doivent pas rester impunis

(b) (become) devenir;

∎ my father is going grey mon père grisonne;

∎ she went white with rage elle a blêmi de colère;

∎ my hands went clammy mes mains sont devenues moites;

∎ the tea's gone cold le thé a refroidi;

∎ have you gone mad? tu es devenu fou?;

∎ to go bankrupt faire faillite;

∎ the country has gone Republican le pays est maintenant républicain

(c) (stop working → engine) tomber en panne; (→ fuse) sauter; (→ bulb, lamp) sauter, griller;

∎ the battery's going la pile commence à être usée

(d) (wear out) s'user; (split) craquer; (break) (se) casser;

∎ his trousers are going at the knees son pantalon s'use aux genoux;

∎ the jacket went at the seams la veste a craqué aux coutures

(e) (deteriorate, fail → health) se détériorer; (→ hearing, sight) baisser;

∎ all his strength went and he fell to the floor il a perdu toutes ses forces et il est tombé par terre;

∎ his voice is going il devient aphone;

∎ his voice is gone il est aphone, il a une extinction de voix;

∎ her mind has started to go elle n'a plus toute sa tête ou toutes ses facultés

C.

(a) (begin an activity) commencer;

∎ what are we waiting for? let's go! qu'est-ce qu'on attend? allons-y!;

∎ familiar here goes!, here we go! allez!, on y va!;

∎ go! partez!;

∎ you'd better get going on or with that report! tu ferais bien de te mettre à ou de t'attaquer à ce rapport!;

∎ it won't be so hard once you get going ça ne sera pas si difficile une fois que tu seras lancé;

∎ familiar go to it! (get to work) au boulot!; (in encouragement) allez-y!

(b) (expressing intention)

∎ to be going to do sth (be about to) aller faire qch, être sur le point de faire qch; (intend to) avoir l'intention de faire qch;

∎ you were just going to tell me about it vous étiez sur le point de ou vous alliez m'en parler;

∎ I was going to visit her yesterday but her mother arrived j'avais l'intention de ou j'allais lui rendre visite hier mais sa mère est arrivée

(c) (expressing future)

∎ are you going to be at home tonight? est-ce que vous serez chez vous ce soir?;

∎ we're going to do exactly as we please nous ferons ce que nous voulons;

∎ she's going to be a doctor elle va être médecin;

∎ there's going to be a storm il va y avoir un orage;

∎ he's going to have to work really hard il va falloir qu'il travaille très dur

(d) (function → clock, machine) marcher, fonctionner; (start functioning) démarrer;

∎ is the fan going? est-ce que le ventilateur est en marche ou marche?;

∎ the car won't go la voiture ne veut pas démarrer;

∎ he had the television and the radio going il avait mis la télévision et la radio en marche;

∎ the washing machine is still going la machine à laver tourne encore, la lessive n'est pas terminée;

∎ to get sth going (car, machine) mettre qch en marche; (business, project) lancer qch;

∎ her daughter kept the business going sa fille a continué à faire marcher l'affaire;

∎ to keep a conversation/fire going entretenir une conversation/un feu

(e) (sound → alarm clock, bell) sonner; (→ alarm, siren) retentir

(f) (make movement)

∎ she went like this with her eyebrows elle a fait comme ça avec ses sourcils

(g) (appear)

∎ to go on radio/television passer à la radio/à la télévision

D.

(a) (disappear) disparaître;

∎ the snow has gone la neige a fondu ou disparu;

∎ all the sugar's gone il n'y a plus de sucre;

∎ my coat has gone mon manteau n'est plus là ou a disparu;

∎ all our money has gone (spent) nous avons dépensé tout notre argent; (lost) nous avons perdu tout notre argent; (stolen) on a volé tout notre argent;

∎ I don't know where the money goes these days l'argent disparaît à une vitesse incroyable ces temps-ci;

∎ gone are the days when he took her dancing elle est bien loin, l'époque où il l'emmenait danser

(b) (be eliminated)

∎ the last paragraph must go il faut supprimer le dernier paragraphe;

∎ I've decided that car has to go j'ai décidé de me débarrasser de cette voiture;

∎ that new secretary has got to go il va falloir se débarrasser de la nouvelle secrétaire

(c) euphemism (die) disparaître, s'éteindre;

∎ he is (dead and) gone il nous a quittés;

∎ his wife went first sa femme est partie avant lui;

∎ after I go... quand je ne serai plus là...

E.

(a) (extend, reach) aller, s'étendre;

∎ our property goes as far as the forest notre propriété va ou s'étend jusqu'au bois;

∎ the path goes right down to the beach le chemin descend jusqu'à la mer;

∎ figurative her thinking didn't go that far elle n'a pas poussé le raisonnement aussi loin;

∎ my salary doesn't go very far je ne vais pas loin avec mon salaire;

∎ money doesn't go very far these days l'argent part vite à notre époque;

∎ their difference of opinion goes deeper than I thought leur différend est plus profond que je ne pensais

(b) (belong) aller, se mettre, se ranger;

∎ the dictionaries go on that shelf les dictionnaires se rangent ou vont sur cette étagère;

∎ where do the towels go? où est-ce qu'on met les serviettes?;

∎ that painting goes here ce tableau se met ou va là

(c) (be contained in, fit) aller;

∎ this last sweater won't go in the suitcase ce dernier pull n'ira pas ou n'entrera pas dans la valise;

∎ the piano barely goes through the door le piano entre ou passe de justesse par la porte;

∎ this belt just goes round my waist cette ceinture est juste assez longue pour faire le tour de ma taille;

∎ the lid goes on easily enough le couvercle se met assez facilement

(d) (develop, turn out) se passer;

∎ how did your interview go? comment s'est passé ton entretien?;

∎ I'll see how things go je vais voir comment ça se passe;

∎ we can't tell how things will go on ne sait pas comment ça se passera;

∎ everything went well tout s'est bien passé;

∎ if all goes well si tout va bien;

∎ the meeting went badly/well la réunion s'est mal/bien passée;

∎ the negotiations are going well les négociations sont en bonne voie;

∎ the vote went against them/in their favour le vote leur a été défavorable/favorable;

∎ there's no doubt as to which way the decision will go on sait ce qui sera décidé;

∎ everything was going fine until she showed up tout allait ou se passait très bien jusqu'à ce qu'elle arrive;

∎ everything went wrong ça a mal tourné;

∎ familiar how's it going?, how are things going? (comment) ça va?;

∎ the way things are going, we might both be out of a job soon au train où vont ou vu comment vont les choses, nous allons bientôt nous retrouver tous les deux au chômage

(e) (time → elapse) s'écouler, passer; (→ last) durer;

∎ the journey went quickly je n'ai pas vu le temps passer pendant le voyage;

∎ there were only five minutes to go before… il ne restait que cinq minutes avant…;

∎ time goes so slowly when you're not here le temps me paraît tellement long quand tu n'es pas là;

∎ how's the time going? combien de temps reste-t-il?

F.

(a) (be accepted)

∎ what your mother says goes! fais ce que dit ta mère!;

∎ whatever the boss says goes c'est le patron qui fait la loi;

∎ anything goes on fait ce qu'on veut

(b) (be valid, hold true) s'appliquer;

∎ that rule goes for everyone cette règle s'applique à tout le monde;

∎ that goes for us too (that applies to us) ça s'applique à nous aussi; (we agree with that) nous sommes aussi de cet avis

(c) (be expressed, run → report, story)

∎ the story or rumour goes that she left him le bruit court qu'elle l'a quitté;

∎ so the story goes du moins c'est ce que l'on dit ou d'après les on-dit;

∎ how does the story go? comment c'est cette histoire?;

∎ I forget how the poem goes now j'ai oublié le poème maintenant;

∎ how does the tune go? c'est quoi ou c'est comment, l'air?;

∎ her theory goes something like this sa théorie est plus ou moins la suivante

(d) (be identified as)

∎ to go by or under the name of répondre au nom de;

∎ he now goes by or under another name il se fait appeler autrement maintenant

(e) (be sold) se vendre;

∎ flats are going cheap at the moment les appartements ne se vendent pas très cher en ce moment;

∎ the necklace went for £350 le collier s'est vendu 350 livres;

∎ going, going, gone! (at auction) une fois, deux fois, adjugé!

G.

(a) (be given → award, prize) aller, être donné; (→ inheritance, property) passer;

∎ the contract is to go to a private firm le contrat ira à une entreprise privée;

∎ credit should go to the teachers le mérite en revient aux enseignants;

∎ every penny will go to charity tout l'argent va ou est destiné à une œuvre de bienfaisance

(b) (be spent)

∎ a small portion of the budget went on education une petite part du budget a été consacrée ou est allée à l'éducation;

∎ all his money goes on drink tout son argent part dans la boisson

(c) (contribute) contribuer, servir;

∎ all that just goes to prove my point tout ça confirme bien ce que j'ai dit;

∎ it has all the qualities that go to make a good film ça a toutes les qualités d'un bon film

(d) (have recourse) avoir recours, recourir;

∎ to go to arbitration recourir à l'arbitrage

H.

(a) (be compatible → colours, flavours) aller ensemble;

∎ orange and mauve don't really go l'orange et le mauve ne vont pas vraiment ensemble

(b) (be available)

∎ let me know if you hear of any jobs going faites-moi savoir si vous entendez parler d'un emploi;

∎ are there any flats going for rent in this building? y a-t-il des appartements à louer dans cet immeuble?;

∎ familiar any whisky going? tu as un whisky à m'offrir?^□

(c) (endure) tenir le coup;

∎ we can't go much longer without water nous ne pourrons pas tenir beaucoup plus longtemps sans eau

(d) euphemism (go to the toilet)

∎ we'll only stop if you're really desperate to go on ne s'arrête que si tu ne tiens vraiment plus;

∎ I went before I came j'ai fait avant de venir

(e) Mathematics

∎ 5 into 60 goes 12 60 divisé par 5 égale 12;

∎ 6 into 5 won't go 5 n'est pas divisible par 6

(f) (idioms)

∎ she isn't bad, as teachers go elle n'est pas mal comme enseignante;

∎ as houses go, it's pretty cheap ce n'est pas cher pour une maison;

∎ as things go today par les temps qui courent;

∎ there goes my chance of winning a prize je peux abandonner tout espoir de gagner un prix;

∎ there you go again, always blaming other people ça y est, toujours à rejeter la responsabilité sur les autres;

∎ there you go! (here you are) tiens!; (I told you so) voilà!;

∎ there you go, two hamburgers and a coke et voici, deux hamburgers et un Coca;

∎ there you go, what did I tell you? voilà ou tiens, qu'est-ce que je t'avais dit!

2 transitive verb

(a) (follow, proceed along) aller, suivre;

∎ if we go this way, we'll get there much more quickly si nous passons par là, nous arriverons bien plus vite

(b) (travel) faire, voyager;

∎ we've only gone 5 kilometres nous n'avons fait que 5 kilomètres;

∎ she went the whole length of the street before coming back elle a descendu toute la rue avant de revenir

(c) (say) faire; (make specified noise) faire;

∎ ducks go "quack" les canards font "coin-coin";

∎ the clock goes "tick tock" l'horloge fait "tic tac";

∎ the gun went bang et pan! le coup est parti;

∎ familiar then he goes "hand it over" puis il fait "donne-le-moi"

(d) (in gambling)

∎ to go 10 risquer 10;

∎ Cards to go no/two trumps annoncer sans/deux atout(s);

∎ figurative to go one better (than sb) surenchérir (sur qn)

(e) familiar (do with)

∎ I could really go a beer je me paierais bien une bière

(f) (idioms) familiar old-fashioned

∎ to go it (go fast) filer; (behave wildly) se défoncer;

∎ familiar how goes it? ça marche?

3 noun

(a) British (attempt, try) coup m, essai m;

∎ to have a go at sth/doing sth essayer qch/de faire qch;

∎ he had another go il a fait une nouvelle tentative, il a ressayé;

∎ let's have a go! essayons!; familiar (let me try) laisse-moi essayer!^□ ;

∎ have another go! encore un coup!;

∎ I've never tried it but I'll give it a go je n'ai encore jamais fait l'expérience mais je vais essayer;

∎ she passed her exams first go elle a eu ses examens du premier coup;

∎ he knocked down all the skittles at one go il a renversé toutes les quilles d'un coup;

∎ £1 a go (at fair etc) une livre la partie ou le tour;

∎ to have a go on the dodgems faire un tour d'autos tamponneuses;

∎ he wouldn't let me have or give me a go (on his bicycle etc) il ne voulait pas me laisser l'essayer

(b) British (in games → turn) tour m;

∎ it's your go c'est ton tour ou c'est à toi (de jouer);

∎ whose go is it? à qui de jouer?, à qui le tour?

(c) familiar (energy, vitality) dynamisme^□ m, entrain^□ m;

∎ to be full of go avoir plein d'énergie, être très dynamique;

∎ she's got plenty of go elle est pleine d'entrain;

∎ the new man has no go in him le nouveau manque d'entrain

(d) familiar (success) succès^□ m, réussite^□ f;

∎ he's made a go of the business il a réussi à faire marcher l'affaire;

∎ to make a go of a marriage réussir un mariage;

∎ I tried to persuade her but it was no go j'ai essayé de la convaincre mais il n'y avait rien à faire

(e) (fashion) mode f;

∎ short hair is all the go les cheveux courts sont le dernier cri ou font fureur

(f) familiar (idioms)

∎ to have a go at sb (physically) rentrer dans qn; (verbally) passer un savon à qn;

∎ they had a real go at one another! qu'est-ce qu'ils se sont mis!;

∎ she had a go at her boyfriend elle a passé un de ces savons à son copain;

∎ British police have warned the public not to have a go, the fugitive may be armed la police a prévenu la population de ne pas s'en prendre au fugitif car il pourrait être armé;

∎ it's all go ça n'arrête pas!;

∎ all systems go! c'est parti!;

∎ the shuttle is go for landing la navette est bonne ou est parée ou a le feu vert pour l'atterrissage

4 going on adverb

∎ he must be going on fifty il doit approcher de la ou aller sur la cinquantaine;

∎ it was going on (for) midnight by the time we finished quand on a terminé, il était près de minuit

5 on the go adjective familiar

(a) (busy)

∎ I've been on the go all day je n'ai pas arrêté de toute la journée^□ ;

∎ to be always on the go être toujours à trotter ou à courir, avoir la bougeotte;

∎ to keep sb on the go faire trimer qn

(b) (in hand)

∎ I have several projects on the go at present j'ai plusieurs projets en route en ce moment^□

6 to go

1 adverb

à faire;

∎ there are only three weeks/five miles to go il ne reste plus que trois semaines/cinq miles;

∎ five done, three to go cinq de faits, trois à faire

2 adjective

esp American (to take out) two hamburgers to go deux hamburgers à emporter!

➲ go about

1 intransitive verb

(a) (move) circuler; (of rumour) courir;

∎ policemen usually go about in pairs en général, les policiers circulent par deux;

∎ you can't go about saying things like that! il ne faut pas raconter des choses pareilles!

(b) Nautical (change tack) virer de bord

2 inseparable transitive verb

(a) (get on with) s'occuper de;

∎ to go about one's business vaquer à ses occupations

(b) (set about) se mettre à;

∎ she showed me how to go about it elle m'a montré comment faire ou comment m'y prendre;

∎ how do you go about applying for the job? comment doit-on s'y prendre ou faire pour postuler l'emploi?

(c) (country) parcourir

➲ go about with inseparable transitive verb

(frequent)

∎ her son goes about with an older crowd son fils fréquente des gens plus âgés que lui;

∎ he's going about with Rachel these days il sort avec Rachel en ce moment

➲ go across

1 inseparable transitive verb

traverser

2 intransitive verb

traverser;

∎ your brother has just gone across to the shop ton frère est allé faire un saut au magasin en face

➲ go after inseparable transitive verb

(a) (follow) suivre

(b) (pursue, seek → criminal) poursuivre; (→ prey) chasser; (→ job, prize) essayer d'obtenir;

∎ he goes after all the women il court après toutes les femmes;

∎ I'm going after that job je vais essayer d'obtenir cet emploi

➲ go against inseparable transitive verb

(a) (disregard) aller contre, aller à l'encontre de;

∎ she went against my advice elle n'a pas suivi mon conseil;

∎ I went against my mother's wishes je suis allé contre ou j'ai contrarié les désirs de ma mère

(b) (conflict with) contredire;

∎ that goes against what he told me c'est en contradiction avec ou ça contredit ce qu'il m'a dit;

∎ the decision went against public opinion la décision est allée à l'encontre de ou a heurté l'opinion publique;

∎ it goes against my principles c'est contre mes principes

(c) (be unfavourable to → of luck, situation) être contraire à; (→ of opinion) être défavorable à; (→ of behaviour, evidence) nuire à, être préjudiciable à;

∎ the verdict went against the defendant le verdict a été défavorable à l'accusé ou a été prononcé contre l'accusé;

∎ if luck should go against him si la chance lui était contraire;

∎ her divorce may go against her winning the election son divorce pourrait nuire à ses chances de gagner les élections

➲ go ahead intransitive verb

(a) (precede) passer devant;

∎ he went ahead of us il est parti avant nous;

∎ I let him go ahead of me in the queue je l'ai fait passer devant moi dans la queue

(b) (proceed) aller de l'avant;

∎ go ahead! tell me! vas-y! dis-le-moi!;

∎ the mayor allowed the demonstrations to go ahead le maire a permis aux manifestations d'avoir lieu;

∎ the move had gone ahead as planned le déménagement s'était déroulé comme prévu;

∎ to go ahead with sth démarrer qch;

∎ they're going ahead with the project after all ils ont finalement décidé de mener le projet à bien;

∎ he went ahead and did it (without hesitating) il l'a fait sans l'ombre d'une hésitation; (despite warnings) rien ne l'a arrêté

(c) (advance, progress) progresser, faire des progrès

➲ go along intransitive verb

(a) (move from one place to another) aller, avancer;

∎ go along and ask your mother va demander à ta mère;

∎ she went along with them to the fair elle les a accompagnés ou elle est allée avec eux à la foire;

∎ we can talk it over as we go along nous pouvons en discuter en chemin ou en cours de route;

∎ I just make it up as I go along j'invente au fur et à mesure

(b) (progress) se dérouler, se passer;

∎ things were going along nicely tout allait ou se passait bien

(c) (go to meeting, party etc) aller

➲ go along with inseparable transitive verb

(decision, order) accepter, s'incliner devant; (rule) observer, respecter;

∎ that's what they decided and I went along with it c'est la décision qu'ils ont prise et je l'ai acceptée;

∎ I go along with the committee on that point je suis d'accord avec ou je soutiens le comité sur ce point;

∎ I can't go along with you on that je ne suis pas d'accord avec vous là-dessus;

∎ he went along with his father's wishes il s'est conformé aux ou a respecté les désirs de son père

➲ go around intransitive verb

(a) (habitually) passer son temps à;

∎ he goes around mumbling to himself il passe son temps à radoter;

∎ she just goes around annoying everyone elle passe son temps à énerver tout le monde;

∎ he goes around in black leather il se promène toujours en ou il est toujours habillé en cuir noir

(b) (document, illness) circuler; (gossip, rumour) courir, circuler

(c) (be long enough for)

∎ will that belt go around your waist? est-ce que cette ceinture sera assez grande pour toi?

➲ go around with = go about with

➲ go at inseparable transitive verb

familiar (attack → food) attaquer, se jeter sur; (→ job, task) s'attaquer à; (→ person) attaquer;

∎ they were still going at it the next day ils y étaient encore le lendemain;

∎ she went at the cleaning with a will elle s'est attaquée au nettoyage avec ardeur

➲ go away intransitive verb

partir, s'en aller;

∎ go away! va-t'en!;

∎ I'm going away for a few days je pars pour quelques jours;

∎ she's gone away to think about it elle est partie réfléchir

➲ go back intransitive verb

(a) (return) revenir, retourner;

∎ she went back to bed elle est retournée au lit, elle s'est recouchée;

∎ to go back to sleep se rendormir;

∎ they went back home ils sont rentrés chez eux ou à la maison;

∎ I went back downstairs/upstairs je suis redescendu/remonté;

∎ to go back to work (continue task) se remettre au travail; (return to place of work) retourner travailler; (return to employment) reprendre le travail;

∎ to go back on one's steps rebrousser chemin, revenir sur ses pas;

∎ let's go back to chapter two revenons ou retournons au deuxième chapitre;

∎ we went back to the beginning nous avons recommencé;

∎ let's go back to why you said that revenons à la question de savoir pourquoi vous avez dit ça;

∎ the clocks go back one hour today on retarde les pendules d'une heure aujourd'hui

(b) (retreat) reculer;

∎ go back! recule!

(c) (revert) revenir;

∎ we went back to the old system nous sommes revenus à l'ancien système;

∎ he went back to his old habits il a repris ses anciennes habitudes;

∎ the conversation kept going back to the same subject la conversation revenait sans cesse sur le même sujet;

∎ men are going back to wearing their hair long les hommes reviennent aux cheveux longs ou se laissent à nouveau pousser les cheveux

(d) (in time) remonter;

∎ our records go back to 1850 nos archives remontent à 1850;

∎ this building goes back to the Revolution ce bâtiment date de ou remonte à la Révolution;

∎ familiar we go back a long way, Brad and me ça remonte à loin, Brad et moi

(e) (extend, reach) s'étendre;

∎ the garden goes back 150 metres le jardin s'étend sur 150 mètres

➲ go back on inseparable transitive verb

(fail to keep → agreement) rompre, violer; (→ promise) manquer à, revenir sur;

∎ they went back on their decision ils sont revenus sur leur décision;

∎ he won't go back on his word il ne manquera pas à sa parole

➲ go before

1 intransitive verb

(precede) passer devant; (happen before) précéder;

∎ that question has nothing to do with what went before cette question n'a rien à voir avec ce qui précède ou avec ce qui a été dit avant;

∎ the election was like nothing that had gone before l'élection ne ressemblait en rien aux précédentes;

∎ euphemism those who have gone before (the dead) ceux qui nous ont précédés

2 inseparable transitive verb

(a) (precede) précéder;

∎ we are indebted to those who have gone before us nous devons beaucoup à ceux qui nous ont précédés

(b) (appear before)

∎ your suggestion will go before the committee votre suggestion sera soumise au comité;

∎ to go before a judge/jury passer devant un juge/un jury;

∎ the matter went before the court l'affaire est allée devant les tribunaux

➲ go below intransitive verb

Nautical descendre dans l'entrepont

➲ go by

1 intransitive verb

(pass → car, person) passer; (→ time) passer, s'écouler;

∎ as the years go by avec les années, à mesure que les années passent;

∎ in days or in times or in years gone by autrefois, jadis;

∎ to let an opportunity go by laisser passer une occasion

2 inseparable transitive verb

(a) (act in accordance with, be guided by) suivre, se baser sur;

∎ don't go by the map ne vous fiez pas à la carte;

∎ I'll go by what the boss says je me baserai sur ce que dit le patron;

∎ he goes by the rules il suit le règlement

(b) (judge by) juger d'après;

∎ going by her accent, I'd say she's from New York si j'en juge d'après son accent, je dirais qu'elle vient de New York;

∎ you can't go by appearances on ne peut pas juger d'après ou sur les apparences

(c) (be known by)

∎ to go by a different/false name être connu sous un nom différent/un faux nom;

∎ the product goes by the name of "Bango" in France ce produit est vendu sous le nom de "Bango" en France

➲ go down

1 intransitive verb

(a) (descend, move to lower level) descendre;

∎ he went down on all fours or on his hands and knees il s'est mis à quatre pattes;

∎ going down! (in lift) on descend!, pour descendre!

(b) (proceed, travel) aller;

∎ we're going down to Tours/the country/the shop nous allons à Tours/à la campagne/au magasin

(c) (set → moon, sun) se coucher, tomber

(d) (sink → ship) couler, sombrer; (→ person) couler, disparaître (sous l'eau)

(e) (decrease, decline → level, price, quality) baisser; (→ amount, numbers) diminuer; (→ rate, temperature) baisser, s'abaisser; (→ fever) baisser, tomber; (→ tide) descendre;

∎ the dollar is going down in value le dollar perd de sa valeur, le dollar est en baisse;

∎ eggs are going down (in price) le prix des œufs baisse;

∎ my weight has gone down j'ai perdu du poids;

∎ he's gone down in my estimation il a baissé dans mon estime;

∎ the neighbourhood's really gone down since then le quartier ne s'est vraiment pas arrangé depuis;

∎ to have gone down in the world avoir connu des jours meilleurs

(f) (become less swollen → swelling) désenfler, dégonfler; (→ balloon, tyre) se dégonfler

(g) (food, medicine) descendre;

∎ this wine goes down very smoothly ce vin se laisse boire (comme du petit-lait)

(h) (produce specified reaction) être reçu;

∎ a cup of coffee would go down nicely une tasse de café serait la bienvenue;

∎ his speech went down badly/well son discours a été mal/bien reçu;

∎ how will the proposal go down with the students? comment les étudiants vont-ils prendre la proposition?;

∎ that kind of talk doesn't go down well with me je n'apprécie pas du tout ce genre de propos

(i) (lose) être battu;

∎ Mexico went down to Germany le Mexique s'est incliné devant l'Allemagne;

∎ Madrid went down to Milan by three points Milan a battu Madrid de trois points;

∎ I'm not going to go down without a fight je me battrai jusqu'à la fin

(j) (be relegated) descendre;

∎ our team has gone down to the second division notre équipe est descendue en deuxième division

(k) (be noted, recorded) être noté; (in writing) être pris ou couché par écrit;

∎ this day will go down in history ce jour restera une date historique;

∎ she will go down in history as a woman of great courage elle entrera dans l'histoire grâce à son grand courage

(l) (reach as far as) descendre, s'étendre;

∎ this path goes down to the beach ce sentier va ou descend à la plage

(m) (continue as far as) aller, continuer;

∎ go down to the end of the street allez ou continuez jusqu'en bas de la rue

(n) British University entrer dans la période des vacances

(o) Cards (in bridge) chuter

(p) Computing tomber en panne; (of computer network) planter;

∎ the computer's gone down l'ordinateur est en panne

(q) Music (lower pitch) descendre

(r) British familiar (be sent to prison)

∎ how long do you think he'll go down for? il écopera de combien, à ton avis?;

∎ he went down for three years il a écopé de trois ans

(s) American familiar (happen) se passer^□

2 inseparable transitive verb

(hill, stairs, ladder, street) descendre;

∎ my food went down the wrong way j'ai avalé de travers;

∎ Music the pianist went down an octave le pianiste a joué une octave plus bas ou a descendu d'une octave;

∎ British School to go down a class descendre d'une classe;

∎ figurative I don't want to go down that road je ne veux pas m'engager là-dedans

➲ go down on inseparable transitive verb

vulgar (fellate) sucer, tailler ou faire une pipe à; (perform cunnilingus on) sucer, brouter le cresson à

➲ go down with inseparable transitive verb

tomber malade de;

∎ he went down with pneumonia/the flu il a attrapé une pneumonie/la grippe

➲ go for inseparable transitive verb

(a) (fetch) aller chercher;

∎ he went for a doctor il est allé ou parti chercher un médecin

(b) (try to obtain) essayer d'obtenir, viser;

∎ she's going for his job elle va essayer d'obtenir son poste;

∎ familiar go for it! vas-y!;

∎ I'd go for it if I were you! à ta place, je n'hésiterais pas!;

∎ she was really going for it elle donnait vraiment son maximum

(c) (attack → physically) tomber sur, s'élancer sur; (→ verbally) s'en prendre à;

∎ dogs usually go for the throat en général, les chiens attaquent à la gorge;

∎ they went for each other (physically) ils se sont jetés l'un sur l'autre; (verbally) ils s'en sont pris l'un à l'autre;

∎ the newspapers really went for the senator les journaux s'en sont pris au sénateur sans retenue;

∎ go for him! (to dog) attaque!

(d) familiar (like) aimer^□, adorer^□ ;

∎ I don't really go for that idea l'idée ne me dit pas grand-chose;

∎ he really goes for her in a big way il est vraiment fou d'elle

(e) (choose, prefer) choisir, préférer

(f) (apply to, concern) concerner, s'appliquer à;

∎ what I said goes for both of you ce que j'ai dit vaut pour ou s'applique à vous deux;

∎ pollution is a real problem in Paris - that goes for Rome too la pollution pose un énorme problème à Paris - c'est la même chose à Rome;

∎ and the same goes for me et moi aussi

(g) (have as result) servir à;

∎ his twenty years of service went for nothing ses vingt ans de service n'ont servi à rien

(h) (be to the advantage of)

∎ she has a lot going for her elle a beaucoup d'atouts;

∎ that idea hasn't got much going for it frankly cette idée n'est franchement pas très convaincante

➲ go forth intransitive verb archaic or literary

(a) (leave) sortir;

∎ the army went forth into battle l'armée s'est mise en route pour la bataille;

∎ Bible go forth and multiply croissez et multipliez-vous

(b) (be pronounced) être prononcé; (be published) paraître;

∎ the command went forth that… il fut décrété que…

➲ go forward intransitive verb

(s')avancer;

∎ the clocks go forward tomorrow on avance les pendules demain;

∎ if this scheme goes forward… si ce projet est accepté…

➲ go in intransitive verb

(a) (enter) entrer, rentrer;

∎ it's cold - let's go in il fait froid - entrons;

∎ it's too big, it won't go in c'est trop grand, ça ne rentrera pas

(b) (disappear → moon, sun) se cacher

(c) Sport (in cricket) prendre son tour au guichet

(d) Military (attack) attaquer

➲ go in for inseparable transitive verb

(a) (engage in → activity, hobby, sport) pratiquer, faire; (→ occupation) se consacrer à; (→ politics) s'occuper de, faire;

∎ she went in for company law elle s'est lancée dans le droit commercial;

∎ he thought about going in for teaching il a pensé devenir enseignant

(b) familiar (be interested in) s'intéresser à^□ ; (like) aimer^□ ;

∎ I don't go in much for opera je n'aime pas trop l'opéra, l'opéra ne me dit rien;

∎ he goes in for special effects in a big way il est très branché effets spéciaux;

∎ we don't go in for that kind of film nous n'aimons pas ce genre de film;

∎ this publisher doesn't really go in for fiction cet éditeur ne fait pas tellement dans le roman

(c) familiar (use)

∎ they don't go in for injections so much nowadays ils ne sont pas tellement pour les piqûres de nos jours;

∎ why do scientists go in for all that jargon? pourquoi est-ce que les scientifiques utilisent tout ce jargon?

(d) (take part in → competition, race) prendre part à; (→ examination) se présenter à

(e) (apply for → job, position) poser sa candidature à, postuler

➲ go into inseparable transitive verb

(a) (enter → building, house) entrer dans; (→ activity, profession) entrer à ou dans; (→ politics, business) se lancer dans;

∎ she's gone into hospital elle est (r)entrée à l'hôpital;

∎ to go into the army (as profession) devenir militaire de carrière; (as conscript) partir au service;

∎ he went into medicine il a choisi la médecine

(b) (be invested → of effort, money, time)

∎ a lot of care had gone into making her feel at home on s'était donné beaucoup de peine pour la mettre à l'aise;

∎ two months of research went into our report nous avons mis ou investi deux mois de recherche dans notre rapport

(c) (embark on → action) commencer à; (→ explanation, speech) se lancer ou s'embarquer dans, (se mettre à) donner; (→ problem) aborder;

∎ I'll go into the problem of your taxes later j'aborderai le problème de vos impôts plus tard;

∎ the car went into a skid la voiture a commencé à déraper;

∎ to go into hysterics avoir une crise de nerfs;

∎ to go into fits of laughter être pris d'un fou rire

(d) (examine, investigate) examiner, étudier;

∎ you need to go into the question more deeply vous devez examiner le problème de plus près;

∎ the matter is being gone into l'affaire est à l'étude

(e) (explain in depth) entrer dans;

∎ the essay goes into the moral aspects of the question l'essai aborde les aspects moraux de la question;

∎ I won't go into details je ne vais pas entrer dans les détails;

∎ let's not go into that ne parlons pas de ça

(f) (begin to wear) se mettre à porter;

∎ to go into mourning prendre le deuil

(g) (hit, run into) entrer dans;

∎ a car went into him une voiture lui est rentrée dedans

(h) Computing (file, program) aller dans;

∎ to go into a file aller dans un fichier

➲ go off

1 intransitive verb

(a) (leave) partir, s'en aller;

∎ she went off to work elle est partie travailler;

∎ her husband has gone off and left her son mari l'a quittée;

∎ Theatre the actors went off les acteurs ont quitté la scène

(b) (stop operating → light, radio) s'éteindre; (→ heating) s'éteindre, s'arrêter; (→ pain) partir, s'arrêter;

∎ the electricity went off l'électricité a été coupée

(c) (become activated → bomb, firework) exploser; (→ gun) partir; (→ alarm, alarm clock) sonner;

∎ the grenade went off in her hand la grenade a explosé dans sa main;

∎ the gun didn't go off le coup n'est pas parti;

∎ figurative to go off into fits of laughter être pris d'un fou rire

(d) (have specified outcome) se passer;

∎ the interview went off badly/well l'entretien s'est mal/bien passé;

∎ her speech went off well son discours a été bien reçu

(e) (fall asleep) s'endormir

(f) British (deteriorate → food) s'avarier, se gâter; (→ milk) tourner; (→ butter) rancir; (→ athlete, sportsperson) perdre sa forme;

∎ the play goes off in the second half la pièce se gâte pendant la seconde partie

2 inseparable transitive verb

British familiar (stop liking) perdre le goût de^□ ;

∎ he's gone off classical music/smoking il n'aime plus la musique classique/fumer, la musique classique/fumer ne l'intéresse plus;

∎ I've gone off the idea cette idée ne me dit plus rien;

∎ she's gone off her boyfriend son copain ne l'intéresse plus;

∎ funny how you can go off people c'est drôle comme on se lasse des gens parfois

➲ go off with inseparable transitive verb

(a) (leave with) partir avec;

∎ he went off with the woman next door il est parti avec la voisine

(b) (make off with) partir avec;

∎ someone has gone off with his keys quelqu'un est parti avec ses clés;

∎ he went off with the jewels il s'est enfui avec les bijoux

➲ go on

1 intransitive verb

(a) (move, proceed) aller; (without stopping) poursuivre son chemin; (after stopping) repartir, se remettre en route;

∎ you go on, I'll catch up allez-y, je vous rattraperai (en chemin);

∎ they went on without us ils sont partis sans nous;

∎ after dinner they went on to Susan's house après le dîner, ils sont allés chez Susan;

∎ we went on home nous sommes rentrés

(b) (continue action) continuer;

∎ she went on (with her) reading elle a continué à ou de lire;

∎ the chairman went on speaking le président a continué son discours;

∎ "and that's not all", he went on "et ce n'est pas tout", a-t-il poursuivi;

∎ you can't go on being a student for ever! tu ne peux pas être étudiant toute ta vie!;

∎ go on looking! cherchez encore!;

∎ go on, ask her vas-y, demande-lui;

∎ familiar go on, be a devil vas-y, laisse-toi tenter!;

∎ go on, I'm listening continuez, je vous écoute;

∎ I can't go on like this! je ne peux plus continuer comme ça!;

∎ if he goes on like this, he'll get fired s'il continue comme ça, il va se faire renvoyer;

∎ their affair has been going on for years leur liaison dure depuis des années;

∎ the party went on into the small hours la soirée s'est prolongée jusqu'à très tôt le matin;

∎ life goes on la vie continue ou va son train;

∎ British familiar go on (with you)! allons, arrête de me faire marcher!;

∎ they have enough (work) to be going on with ils ont du pain sur la planche ou de quoi faire pour le moment;

∎ here's £25 to be going on with voilà 25 livres pour te dépanner

(c) (proceed to another action)

∎ he went on to explain why il a ensuite expliqué pourquoi;

∎ to go on to another question passer à une autre question;

∎ she went on to become a doctor elle est ensuite devenue médecin

(d) (be placed, fit) aller;

∎ the lid goes on this way le couvercle se met comme ça;

∎ I can't get the lid to go on je n'arrive pas à mettre le couvercle;

∎ the cap goes on the other end le bouchon se met ou va sur l'autre bout

(e) (happen, take place) se passer;

∎ what's going on here? qu'est-ce qui se passe ici?;

∎ there was a fight going on il y avait une bagarre;

∎ a lot of cheating goes on during the exams on triche beaucoup pendant les examens;

∎ several conversations were going on at once il y avait plusieurs conversations à la fois;

∎ while the war was going on pendant la guerre

(f) (elapse) passer, s'écouler;

∎ as the week went on au fur et à mesure que la semaine passait;

∎ as time goes on avec le temps, à mesure que le temps passe

(g) familiar (chatter, talk) parler^□, jacasser^□ ;

∎ she does go on! elle n'arrête pas de parler!, c'est un vrai moulin à paroles!;

∎ he goes on and on about politics il parle politique sans cesse;

∎ don't go on about it! ça va, on a compris!;

∎ I don't want to go on about it, but... je ne voudrais pas avoir l'air d'insister, mais...;

∎ what are you going on about now? qu'est-ce que vous racontez?

(h) familiar (act, behave) se conduire^□, se comporter^□ ;

∎ what a way to go on! en voilà des manières!

(i) (start operating → light, radio, television) s'allumer; (→ heating, motor, power) s'allumer, se mettre en marche

(j) Sport (player) prendre sa place, entrer en jeu

(k) Theatre (actor) entrer en scène

(l) (approach)

∎ he's going on for forty il va sur ses quarante ans

2 inseparable transitive verb

(a) (enter → boat, train) monter dans

(b) (embark on)

∎ to go on a journey/a holiday partir en voyage/en vacances;

∎ to go on a diet se mettre au régime

(c) (be guided by) se laisser guider par, se fonder ou se baser sur;

∎ the detective didn't have much to go on le détective n'avait pas grand-chose sur quoi s'appuyer ou qui puisse le guider;

∎ she goes a lot on instinct elle se fie beaucoup à ou se fonde beaucoup sur son instinct

(d) (approach)

∎ he's going on forty-five il va sur ses quarante-cinq ans;

∎ humorous she's fifteen going on forty-five (wise) elle a quinze ans mais elle est déjà très mûre; (old beyond her years) elle a quinze ans mais elle est vieille avant l'âge

(e) British familiar (usu neg) (appreciate, like) aimer^□ ;

∎ I don't go much on abstract art l'art abstrait ne me dit pas grand-chose

➲ go on at inseparable transitive verb

familiar (criticize) critiquer^□ ; (nag) s'en prendre à^□ ;

∎ the boss went on and on at her at the meeting le patron n'a pas cessé de s'en prendre à elle pendant la réunion;

∎ he's always going on at his wife about money il est toujours sur le dos de sa femme avec les questions d'argent;

∎ I went on at my mother to go and see the doctor j'ai embêté ma mère pour qu'elle aille voir le médecin;

∎ don't go on at me! laisse-moi tranquille!

➲ go out intransitive verb

(a) (leave) sortir;

∎ my parents made us go out of the room mes parents nous ont fait sortir de la pièce ou quitter la pièce;

∎ to go out for a meal aller au restaurant;

∎ to go out to dinner sortir dîner;

∎ to go out for a walk aller se promener, aller faire une promenade;

∎ she's gone out to get a paper elle est sortie (pour) acheter un journal;

∎ they went out to the country ils sont allés ou ils ont fait une sortie à la campagne;

∎ she goes out to work elle travaille en dehors de la maison ou hors de chez elle;

∎ he went out of her life il est sorti de sa vie;

∎ she was dressed to go out (ready to leave) elle était prête à sortir; (dressed up) elle était très habillée

(b) (travel) partir; (emigrate) émigrer;

∎ they went out to Africa (travelled) ils sont partis en Afrique; (emigrated) ils sont partis vivre ou ils ont émigré en Afrique

(c) (date) sortir;

∎ to go out with sb sortir avec qn;

∎ we've been going out together for a month ça fait un mois que nous sortons ensemble

(d) (fire, light) s'éteindre

(e) (disappear) disparaître;

∎ the joy went out of her eyes la joie a disparu de son regard;

∎ the spring went out of his step il a perdu sa démarche légère;

∎ all the heart went out of her elle a perdu courage

(f) (cease to be fashionable) passer de mode, se démoder;

∎ to go out of style/fashion ne plus être le bon style/à la mode;

∎ familiar that hairstyle went out with the ark cette coiffure remonte au déluge

(g) (tide) descendre, se retirer;

∎ the tide has gone out la marée est descendue, la mer s'est retirée;

∎ the tide goes out 6 kilometres la mer se retire sur 6 kilomètres

(h) figurative (set out)

∎ I went out to see for myself j'ai décidé de voir par moi-même;

∎ we have to go out and do something about this il faut que nous prenions des mesures ou que nous fassions quelque chose

(i) (be sent → letter) être envoyé; (be published → brochure, pamphlet) être distribué; (be broadcast → radio or television programme) être diffusé

(j) (feelings, sympathies) aller;

∎ our thoughts go out to all those who suffer nos pensées vont vers tous ceux qui souffrent;

∎ my heart goes out to her je suis de tout cœur avec elle dans son chagrin

(k) Sport (be eliminated) être éliminé;

∎ Agassi went out to Henman Agassi s'est fait sortir par Henman

(l) Cards terminer

(m) familiar (idiom)

∎ she went all out to help us elle a fait tout son possible pour nous aider^□

➲ go over

1 intransitive verb

(a) (move overhead) passer;

∎ I just saw a plane go over je viens de voir passer un avion

(b) (move in particular direction) aller; (cross) traverser;

∎ I went over to see her je suis allé la voir;

∎ they went over to talk to her ils sont allés lui parler;

∎ to go over to Europe aller en Europe

(c) (turn upside down) se retourner; (capsize → boat) chavirer, capoter

(d) (change, switch) changer;

∎ I've gone over to another brand of washing powder je viens de changer de marque de lessive;

∎ when will we go over to the metric system? quand est-ce qu'on va passer au système métrique?

(e) (change allegiance) passer, se joindre;

∎ he's gone over to the Socialists il est passé dans le camp des socialistes;

∎ she went over to the enemy elle est passée à l'ennemi

(f) (be received) passer;

∎ the speech went over badly/well le discours a mal/bien passé

2 inseparable transitive verb

(a) (move, travel over) passer par-dessus;

∎ the horse went over the fence le cheval a sauté (par-dessus) la barrière;

∎ we went over a bump on a pris une bosse

(b) (examine → argument, problem) examiner, considérer; (→ accounts, report) examiner, vérifier;

∎ would you go over my report? voulez-vous regarder mon rapport?

(c) (repeat) répéter; (review → notes, speech) réviser, revoir; (→ facts) récapituler, revoir; School réviser;

∎ she went over the interview in her mind elle a repassé l'entretien dans son esprit;

∎ I kept going over everything leading up to the accident je continuais de repenser à tous les détails qui avaient conduit à l'accident;

∎ let's go over it again reprenons, récapitulons;

∎ he goes over and over the same stories il rabâche les mêmes histoires

(d) (rehearse) refaire; (bars of music) rejouer; (sing) rechanter

(e) Television & Radio

∎ let's go over now to our Birmingham studios passons l'antenne à notre studio de Birmingham;

∎ we're going over live now to Paris nous allons maintenant à Paris où nous sommes en direct

➲ go past inseparable transitive verb

(move in front of) passer devant; (move beyond) dépasser

➲ go round

1 intransitive verb

(a) (be enough)

∎ is there enough cake to go round? est-ce qu'il y a assez de gâteau pour tout le monde?;

∎ to make the food go round ménager la nourriture

(b) (visit) aller;

∎ we went round to his house nous sommes allés chez lui;

∎ I'm going round there later on j'y vais plus tard

(c) (circulate → rumour) circuler, courir; (→ bottle, cold, flu) circuler

(d) (be continuously present → idea, tune)

∎ that song keeps going round in my head j'ai cette chanson dans la tête

(e) (spin → wheel) tourner;

∎ figurative my head's going round j'ai la tête qui tourne

(f) (make a detour) faire un détour;

∎ to go round the long way faire un long détour

2 inseparable transitive verb

(tour → museum) faire le tour de;

∎ I hate going round the shops j'ai horreur de faire les boutiques

➲ go through

1 inseparable transitive verb

(a) (crowd, tunnel) traverser;

∎ figurative a shiver went through her un frisson l'a parcourue ou traversée

(b) (endure, experience) subir, souffrir;

∎ he's going through hell c'est l'enfer pour lui;

∎ we all have to go through it sometime on doit tous y passer un jour ou l'autre;

∎ I can't face going through all that again je ne supporterais pas de passer par là une deuxième fois;

∎ after everything she's gone through après tout ce qu'elle a subi ou enduré;

∎ we've gone through a lot together nous avons vécu beaucoup de choses ensemble

(c) (consume, use up → supplies) épuiser; (→ money) dépenser; (→ food) consommer; (wear out) user;

∎ she goes through a pair of tights a week elle use une paire de collants par semaine;

∎ I've gone through the toes of my socks j'ai usé ou troué mes chaussettes au bout;

∎ humorous how many assistants has he gone through now? combien d'assistants a-t-il déjà eus?;

∎ his novel has gone through six editions il y a déjà eu six éditions de son roman

(d) (examine → accounts, document) examiner, vérifier; (→ list, proposal) éplucher; (→ mail) dépouiller; (→ drawer, pockets) fouiller (dans); (→ files) chercher dans; (sort) trier;

∎ we went through the contract together nous avons regardé ou examiné le contrat ensemble;

∎ did customs go through your suitcase? est-ce qu'ils ont fouillé votre valise à la douane?;

∎ he went through her pockets il a fouillé ses poches

(e) (of bill, law) être voté;

∎ the bill went through Parliament last week le projet de loi a été voté la semaine dernière au Parlement

(f) (carry out, perform → movement, work) faire; (→ formalities) remplir, accomplir;

∎ Music let's go through the introduction again reprenons l'introduction;

∎ we had to go through the whole business of applying for a visa nous avons dû nous farcir toutes les démarches pour obtenir un visa

(g) (participate in → course of study) étudier; (→ ceremony) participer à

(h) (practise → lesson, poem) réciter; (→ role, scene) répéter;

∎ let's go through it again from the beginning reprenons dès le début

2 intransitive verb

(a) (travel through, penetrate) passer, traverser

(b) (offer, proposal) être accepté; (business deal) être conclu, se faire; (bill, law) passer, être voté; (divorce) être prononcé;

∎ the adoption finally went through l'adoption s'est faite finalement

➲ go through with inseparable transitive verb

∎ to go through with sth aller jusqu'au bout de qch, exécuter qch;

∎ he'll never go through with it il n'ira jamais jusqu'au bout;

∎ they went through with their threat ils ont exécuté leur menace

➲ go together intransitive verb

(a) (colours, flavours) aller bien ensemble; (characteristics, ideas) aller de pair;

∎ the two things often go together les deux choses vont souvent de pair

(b) American (people) sortir ensemble

➲ go towards inseparable transitive verb

(a) (move towards) aller vers

(b) (effort, money) être consacré à;

∎ all her energy went towards fighting illiteracy elle a dépensé toute son énergie à combattre l'analphabétisme

➲ go under

1 intransitive verb

(a) (go down → ship) couler, sombrer; (→ person) couler, disparaître (sous l'eau)

(b) figurative (fail → business) couler, faire faillite; (→ project) couler, échouer; (→ person) échouer, sombrer

(c) (under anaesthetic) s'endormir

2 inseparable transitive verb

(a) (move, travel underneath) passer par-dessous

(b) (be known)

∎ to go under a false/different name utiliser ou prendre un faux nom/un nom différent;

∎ a glue that goes under the name of Stikit une colle qui s'appelle Stikit

➲ go up

1 intransitive verb

(a) (ascend, climb → person) monter, aller en haut; (→ lift) monter;

∎ to go up to town aller en ville;

∎ I'm going up to bed je monte me coucher;

∎ have you ever gone up in an aeroplane? êtes-vous déjà monté en avion?;

∎ going up! (in lift) on monte!;

∎ to go up in the world faire son chemin

(b) (increase → amount, numbers) augmenter, croître; (→ price) monter, augmenter; (→ temperature) monter, s'élever;

∎ rents are going up les loyers sont en hausse;

∎ meat is going up (in price) (le prix de) la viande augmente;

∎ to go up in sb's estimation monter dans l'estime de qn

(c) (sudden noise) s'élever;

∎ a shout went up un cri s'éleva

(d) (appear → notices, posters) apparaître; (be built) être construit;

∎ new buildings are going up all over town de nouveaux immeubles surgissent dans toute la ville

(e) (explode, be destroyed) sauter, exploser

(f) Music (raise pitch) monter

(g) Theatre (curtain) se lever;

∎ before the curtain goes up avant le lever du rideau

(h) British University entrer à l'université;

∎ she went up to Oxford in 1950 elle est entrée à Oxford en 1950

(i) American familiar (be sent to prison)

∎ he went up for murder il a fait de la taule pour meurtre

(j) Sport (be promoted)

∎ they look set to go up to the First Division ils ont l'air prêts à entrer en première division

2 inseparable transitive verb

monter;

∎ to go up a hill/ladder monter une colline/sur une échelle;

∎ Music the pianist went up an octave le pianiste a monté d'une octave;

∎ British School to go up a class monter d'une classe

➲ go up to inseparable transitive verb

(a) (approach)

∎ to go up to sb/sth se diriger vers qn/qch;

∎ the path goes up to the front door le chemin mène à la porte d'entrée

(b) (go as far as)

∎ the book only goes up to the end of the war le livre ne va que jusqu'à la fin de la guerre;

∎ I will go up to £100 je veux bien aller jusqu'à 100 livres

➲ go with inseparable transitive verb

(a) (accompany, escort) accompagner, aller avec;

∎ figurative to go with the crowd suivre la foule ou le mouvement;

∎ you have to go with the times il faut vivre avec son temps

(b) (be compatible → colours, flavours) aller avec;

∎ that hat doesn't go with your suit ce chapeau ne va pas avec ton ensemble;

∎ a white Burgundy goes well with snails le bourgogne blanc se marie bien ou va bien avec les escargots

(c) (be part of) aller avec;

∎ the flat goes with the job l'appartement va avec le poste;

∎ the sense of satisfaction that goes with having done a good job le sentiment de satisfaction qu'apporte le travail bien fait;

∎ mathematical ability usually goes with skill at chess des capacités en mathématiques vont souvent de pair avec un don pour les échecs

(d) familiar (spend time with) sortir avec^□ ;

∎ euphemism he's been going with other women (having sex) il a été avec d'autres femmes

➲ go without

1 inseparable transitive verb

se passer de, se priver de;

∎ he went without sleep or without sleeping for two days il n'a pas dormi pendant deux jours

2 intransitive verb

s'en passer;

∎ we'll just have to go without il faudra s'en passer, c'est tout

ⓘ Do not pass go, (do not collect £200/$200) Au Monopoly les joueurs tirent parfois une carte qui les envoie sur la case "prison". Sur cette carte sont inscrits les mots do not pass go, do not collect £200 (ou bien do not collect $200 s'il s'agit de la version américaine). Cette phrase, dont la version française est "ne passez pas par la case départ, ne recevez pas 20 000 francs", est utilisée de façon allusive et sur le mode humoristique dans différents contextes: on dira par exemple you do that again and you're going straight to jail, Bill. Do not pass go, do not collect $200 ("refais ça, Bill, et je t'assure que tu iras droit en prison). On peut également utiliser cette expression lorsque quelqu'un essaie de mener un projet à bien mais rencontre des obstacles: the country is trying hard to get back on its feet but because of the civil war it has not even been allowed to pass go, let alone collect £200 ("le pays fait de son mieux pour se rétablir mais la guerre civile n'arrange rien, bien au contraire").

ⓘ Go ahead, make my day C'est la formule prononcée par l'inspecteur Harry Callahan (incarné par Clint Eastwood) dans le film Sudden Impact (1983) lorsqu'il se trouve confronté à un gangster. Il s'agit d'une façon d'encourager le bandit à se servir de son arme afin de pouvoir l'abattre en état de légitime défense: "allez, vas-y, fais-moi plaisir". On utilise cette formule par allusion au film et en réaction à une personne qui vient de proférer des menaces. Ainsi, le président Reagan s'en servit en s'adressant à des travailleurs qui menaçaient de se mettre en grève.

Un panorama unique de l'anglais et du français > go
14 go

1. intransitive verb,
pres. he goes, p.t. went, pres. p. going, p.p. gone

1) gehen; [Fahrzeug:] fahren; [Flugzeug:] fliegen; [Vierfüßer:] laufen; [Reptil:] kriechen; (on horseback etc.) reiten; (on skis, roller skates) laufen; (in wheelchair, pram, lift) fahren

go by bicycle/car/bus/train or rail/boat or sea or ship — mit dem [Fahr]rad/Auto/Bus/Zug/Schiff fahren

go by plane or air — fliegen

go on foot — zu Fuß gehen; laufen (ugs.)

as one goes [along] — (fig.) nach und nach

do something as one goes [along] — (lit.) etwas beim Gehen od. unterwegs tun

go on a journey — eine Reise machen; verreisen

go first-class/at 50 m.p.h. — erster Klasse reisen od. fahren/80 Stundenkilometer fahren

have far to go — weit zu gehen od. zu fahren haben; es weit haben

the doll/dog goes everywhere with her — sie hat immer ihre Puppe/ihren Hund dabei

who goes there? — (sentry's challenge) wer da?

there you go — (coll., giving something) bitte!; da! (ugs.)

2) (proceed as regards purpose, activity, destination, or route) [Bus, Zug, Lift, Schiff:] fahren; (use means of transportation) fahren; (fly) fliegen; (proceed on outward journey) weg-, abfahren; (travel regularly) [Verkehrsmittel:] verkehren (from... to zwischen + Dat.... und)

his hand went to his pocket — er griff nach seiner Tasche

go to the toilet/cinema/moon/a museum/a funeral — auf die Toilette/ins Kino gehen/zum Mond fliegen/ins Museum/zu einer Beerdigung gehen

go to a dance — tanzen gehen

go to the doctor['s] — etc. zum Arzt usw. gehen

go [out] to China — nach China gehen

go [over] to America — nach Amerika [hinüber]fliegen/-fahren

go [off] to London — nach London [ab]fahren/[ab]fliegen

last year we went to Italy — letztes Jahr waren wir in Italien

go this/that way — hier/da entlanggehen/-fahren

go out of one's way — einen Umweg machen; (fig.) keine Mühe scheuen

go towards something/somebody — auf etwas/jemanden zugehen

don't go on the grass — geh nicht auf den Rasen

go by something/somebody — [Festzug usw.:] an etwas/jemandem vorbeiziehen; [Bus usw.:] an etwas/jemandem vorbeifahren

go in and out [of something] — [in etwas (Dat.)] ein- und ausgehen

go into something — in etwas (Akk.) [hinein]gehen

go looking for somebody — jemanden suchen gehen

go chasing after something/somebody — hinter etwas/jemandem herrennen (ugs.)

go to live in Berlin — nach Berlin ziehen

go to see somebody — jemanden aufsuchen

I went to water the garden — ich ging den Garten sprengen

go and do something — [gehen und] etwas tun

I'll go and get my coat — ich hole jetzt meinen Mantel

go and see whether... — nachsehen [gehen], ob...

go on a pilgrimage — etc. eine Pilgerfahrt usw. machen

go on TV/the radio — im Fernsehen/Radio auftreten

I'll go! — ich geh schon!; (answer phone) ich geh ran od. nehme ab; (answer door) ich mache auf

you go! — (to the phone) geh du mal ran!

3) (start) losgehen; (in vehicle) losfahren

let's go! — (coll.) fangen wir an!

here goes! — (coll.) dann mal los!

whose turn is it to go? — (in game) wer ist an der Reihe?

go first — (in game) anfangen

from the word go — (fig. coll.) [schon] von Anfang an

4) (pass, circulate, be transmitted) gehen

a shiver went up or down my spine — ein Schauer lief mir über den Rücken od. den Rücken hinunter

go to — (be given to) [Preis, Sieg, Gelder, Job:] gehen an (+ Akk.); [Titel, Krone, Besitz:] übergehen auf (+ Akk.); [Ehre, Verdienst:] zuteil werden (Dat.)

go towards — (be of benefit to) zugute kommen (+ Dat.)

go according to — (be determined by) sich richten nach

5) (make specific motion, do something specific)

go round — [Rad:] sich drehen

there he etc. goes again — (coll.) da, schon wieder!

here we go again — (coll.) jetzt geht das wieder los!

6) (act, work, function effectively) gehen; [Mechanismus, Maschine:] laufen

get the car to go — das Auto ankriegen (ugs.) od. starten

at midnight we were still going — um Mitternacht waren wir immer noch dabei od. im Gange

go by electricity — mit Strom betrieben werden

keep going — (in movement) weitergehen/-fahren; (in activity) weitermachen; (not fail) sich aufrecht halten

keep somebody going — (enable to continue) jemanden aufrecht halten

that'll keep me going — damit komme ich aus

keep something going — etwas in Gang halten

make something go, get/set something going — etwas in Gang bringen

7)

go to — (attend)

go to work — zur Arbeit gehen

go to church/school — in die Kirche/die Schule gehen

go to a comprehensive school — eine Gesamtschule besuchen; auf eine Gesamtschule gehen

8) (have recourse)

go to the originals — auf die Quellen zurückgreifen

go to the relevant authority/UN — sich an die zuständige Behörde/UN wenden

where do we go from here? — (fig.) und was nun? (ugs.)

9) (depart) gehen; [Bus, Zug:] [ab]fahren; [Post:] rausgehen (ugs.)

I must be going now — ich muss allmählich gehen

time to go! — wir müssen/ihr müsst usw. gehen!

to go — (Amer.) [Speisen, Getränke:] zum Mitnehmen

10) (euphem.): (die) sterben

be dead and gone — tot sein

after I go — wenn ich einmal nicht mehr bin

11) (fail) [Gedächtnis, Kräfte:] nachlassen; (cease to function) kaputtgehen; [Maschine, Computer usw.:] ausfallen; [Sicherung:] durchbrennen; (break) brechen; [Seil usw.:] reißen; (collapse) einstürzen; (fray badly) ausfransen

the jacket has gone at the elbows — die Jacke ist an den Ellbogen durchgescheuert

12) (disappear) verschwinden; [Geruch, Rauch:] sich verziehen; [Geld, Zeit:] draufgehen (ugs.) (in, on für); (be relinquished) aufgegeben werden; [Tradition:] abgeschafft werden; (be dismissed) [Arbeitskräfte:] entlassen werden

be gone from sight — außer Sicht geraten sein

my coat/the stain has gone — mein Mantel/der Fleck ist weg

where has my hat gone? — wo ist mein Hut [geblieben]?

all his money goes on women — er gibt sein ganzes Geld für Frauen aus

13) (elapse) [Zeit:] vergehen; [Interview usw.:] vorüber-, vorbeigehen

that has all gone by — das ist jetzt alles vorbei

in days gone by — in längst vergangenen Zeiten

14)

to go — (still remaining)

have something [still] to go — [noch] etwas übrig haben

there's hours to go — es dauert noch Stunden

one week etc. to go to... — noch eine Woche usw. bis...

there's only another mile to go — [es ist] nur noch eine Meile

still have a mile to go — noch eine Meile vor sich (Dat.) haben

one down, two to go — einer ist bereits erledigt, bleiben noch zwei übrig (salopp)

15) (be sold) weggehen (ugs.); verkauft werden

it went for £1 — es ging für 1 Pfund weg

going! going! gone! — zum ersten! zum zweiten! zum dritten!

16) (run) [Grenze, Straße usw.:] verlaufen, gehen; (afford access, lead) gehen; führen; (extend) reichen; (fig.) gehen

as or so far as he/it goes — soweit

17) (turn out, progress) [Ereignis, Projekt, Interview, Abend:] verlaufen

go against somebody/something — [Wahl, Kampf:] zu jemandes/einer Sache Ungunsten ausgehen; [Entscheidung, Urteil:] zu jemandes/einer Sache Ungunsten ausfallen

how did your holiday/party go? — wie war Ihr Urlaub/Ihre Party?

how is the book going? — was macht [denn] das Buch?

things have been going well/badly/smoothly — etc. in der letzten Zeit läuft alles gut/schief/glatt usw.

how are things going?, how is it going? — wie steht's od. (ugs.) läuft's?

18) (be, have form or nature, be in temporary state) sein; [Sprichwort, Gedicht, Titel:] lauten

this is how things go, that's the way it goes — so ist es nun mal

go against something — mit etwas nicht übereinstimmen

go against one's principles — gegen seine Prinzipien gehen

go hungry — hungern; hungrig bleiben

go without food/water — es ohne Essen/Wasser aushalten

go in fear of one's life — in beständiger Angst um sein Leben leben; see also academic.ru/31520/go_against">go against

19) (become) werden

the tyre has gone flat — der Reifen ist platt

the phone has gone dead — die Leitung ist tot

the constituency/York went Tory — der Wahlkreis/York ging an die Tories

20) (have usual place) kommen; (belong) gehören

where does the box go? — wo kommt od. gehört die Kiste hin?

where do you want this chair to go? — wo soll od. kommt der Stuhl hin?

21) (fit) passen

go in[to] something — in etwas (Akk.) gehen od. [hinein]passen

go through something — durch etwas [hindurch]gehen od. [hindurch]passen

six into twelve goes twice — sechs geht zweimal in zwölf

five goes into forty exactly — vierzig durch fünf geht auf

22) (harmonize, match) passen ( with zu)

the two colours don't go — die beiden Farben passen nicht zusammen od. beißen sich

23) (serve, contribute) dienen

the qualities that go to make a leader — die Eigenschaften, die einen Führer ausmachen

it just goes to show that... — daran zeigt sich, dass...

24) (make sound of specified kind) machen; (emit sound) [Turmuhr, Gong:] schlagen; [Glocke:] läuten

There goes the bell. School is over — Es klingelt. Die Schule ist aus

the fire alarm went at 3 a. m. — der Feueralarm ging um 3 Uhr morgens los

a police car with its siren going — ein Polizeiwagen mit eingeschalteter Sirene

25) as intensifier (coll.)

don't go making or go and make him angry — verärgere ihn bloß nicht

don't go looking for trouble — such keinen Streit

I gave him a £10 note and, of course, he had to go and lose it — (iron.) ich gab ihm einen 10-Pfund-Schein, und er musste ihn natürlich prompt verlieren

now you've been and gone and done it! — (coll.) du hast ja was Schönes angerichtet! (ugs. iron.)

go tell him I'm ready — (coll./Amer.) geh und sag ihm, dass ich fertig bin

26) (coll.): (be acceptable or permitted) erlaubt sein; gehen (ugs.)

everything/anything goes — es ist alles erlaubt

it/that goes without saying — es/das ist doch selbstverständlich

what he etc. says, goes — was er usw. sagt, gilt. See also going; gone
2. transitive verb, forms as
I

1) (Cards) spielen

2) (coll.)

go it — es toll treiben; (work hard) rangehen

he has been going it a bit too hard — er hat es etwas zu weit getrieben

go it! — los!; weiter!
3. noun
, pl. goes (coll.)

1) (attempt, try) Versuch, der; (chance) Gelegenheit, die

have a go — es versuchen od. probieren

have a go at doing something — versuchen, etwas zu tun

have a go at something — sich an etwas (Dat.) versuchen

let me have/can I have a go? — lass mich [auch ein]mal/kann ich [auch ein]mal? (ugs.)

it's my go — ich bin an der Reihe od. dran

in two/three goes — bei zwei/drei Versuchen

at the first go — auf Anhieb

2)

have a go at somebody — (scold) sich (Dat.) jemanden vornehmen od. vorknöpfen (ugs.); (attack) über jemanden herfallen

3) (period of activity)

in one go — auf einmal

he downed his beer in one go — er trank sein Bier in einem Zug aus

4) (energy) Schwung, der

be full of go — voller Schwung od. Elan sein

have plenty of go — einen enormen Schwung od. Elan haben

5) (vigorous activity)

it's all go — es ist alles eine einzige Hetzerei (ugs.)

it's all go at work — es ist ganz schön was los bei der Arbeit

be on the go — auf Trab sein (ugs.)

keep somebody on the go — jemanden auf Trab halten (ugs.)

6) (success)

make a go of something — mit etwas Erfolg haben

it's no go — da ist nichts zu machen
4. adjective
(coll.)

all systems go — alles klar

Phrasal Verbs:

- go about

- go after

- go against

- go ahead

- go along

- go along with

- go around

- go at

- go away

- go back

- go by

- go down

- go down with

- go for

- go forward

- go in

- go in for

- go into

- go in with

- go off

- go on

- go on for

- go on to

- go on with

- go out

- go over

- go over to

- go round

- go through

- go through with

- go together

- go under

- go up

- go with

- go without

* * *
[ɡəu] 1. 3rd person singular present tense - goes; verb
1) (to walk, travel, move etc: He is going across the field; Go straight ahead; When did he go out?) gehen

2) (to be sent, passed on etc: Complaints have to go through the proper channels.) gehen

3) (to be given, sold etc: The prize goes to John Smith; The table went for $100.) abgehen

4) (to lead to: Where does this road go?) führen

5) (to visit, to attend: He goes to school every day; I decided not to go to the movie.) gehen

6) (to be destroyed etc: This wall will have to go.) verschwinden

7) (to proceed, be done: The meeting went very well.) ablaufen

8) (to move away: I think it is time you were going.) gehen

9) (to disappear: My purse has gone!)

10) (to do (some action or activity): I'm going for a walk; I'm going hiking next week-end.) im Begriff stehen, zu...

11) (to fail etc: I think the clutch on this car has gone.) versagen

12) (to be working etc: I don't think that clock is going.) gehen

13) (to become: These apples have gone bad.) werden

14) (to be: Many people in the world regularly go hungry.) sich befinden

15) (to be put: Spoons go in that drawer.) gehören

16) (to pass: Time goes quickly when you are enjoying yourself.) vorbeigehen

17) (to be used: All her pocket-money goes on sweets.) draufgehen

18) (to be acceptable etc: Anything goes in this office.) gehen

19) (to make a particular noise: Dogs go woof, not miaow.) ertönen, machen

20) (to have a particular tune etc: How does that song go?) gehen

21) (to become successful etc: She always makes a party go.) erfolgreich
2. noun
1) (an attempt: I'm not sure how to do it, but I'll have a go.) der Versuch

2) (energy: She's full of go.) der Schwung

•

- going
3. adjective
1) (successful: That shop is still a going concern.) gutgehend

2) (in existence at present: the going rate for typing manuscripts.) bestehend

•

- go-ahead
4. noun
(permission: We'll start as soon as we get the go-ahead.) grünes Licht

- go-getter
- going-over
- goings-on
- no-go
- all go
- be going on for
- be going on
- be going strong
- from the word go
- get going
- give the go-by
- go about
- go after
- go against
- go along
- go along with
- go around
- go around with
- go at
- go back
- go back on
- go by
- go down
- go far
- go for
- go in
- go in for
- go into
- go off
- go on
- go on at
- go out
- go over
- go round
- go slow
- go steady
- go through
- go through with
- go too far
- go towards
- go up
- go up in smoke/flames
- go with
- go without
- keep going
- make a go of something
- make a go
- on the go
* * *

go

[gəʊ, AM goʊ]

I. INTRANSITIVE VERB

<goes, went, gone>

1. (proceed) gehen; vehicle, train fahren; plane fliegen

don't \go any closer — that animal is dangerous geh' nicht näher ran — das Tier ist gefährlich

the bus \goes from Vaihingen to Sillenbuch der Bus verkehrt zwischen Vaihingen und Sillenbuch

a shiver went down my spine mir fuhr ein Schauer über den Rücken

you \go first! geh du zuerst!

you \go next du bist als Nächste(r) dran!

hey, I \go now he, jetzt bin ich dran! fam

the doll \goes everywhere with him die Puppe nimmt er überallhin mit

drive to the end of the road, \go left, and... fahren Sie die Straße bis zum Ende entlang, biegen Sie dann links ab und...

\go south till you get to the coast halte dich südlich, bis du zur Küste kommst

we have a long way to \go wir haben noch einen weiten Weg vor uns

we've completed all of our goals — where do we \go from here? wir haben all unsere Ziele erreicht — wie geht es jetzt weiter?

the train hooted as it went into the tunnel der Zug pfiff, als er in den Tunnel einfuhr

who \goes there? wer da?; (to dog)

\go fetch it! hol'!

▪ to \go towards sb/sth auf jdn/etw zugehen

to \go home nach Hause gehen

to \go to hospital/a party/prison/the toilet ins Krankenhaus/auf eine Party/ins Gefängnis/auf die Toilette gehen

to \go across to the pub rüber in die Kneipe gehen fam

to \go to sea zur See gehen fam

to \go across the street über die Straße gehen

to \go aboard/ashore an Bord/Land gehen

to \go below nach unten gehen

to \go below deck unter Deck gehen

to \go downhill ( also fig) bergab gehen

to have it far to \go es weit haben

to \go offstage [von der Bühne] abgehen

to \go round sich akk drehen

2. (in order to get)

could you \go into the kitchen and get me something to drink, please? könntest du bitte in die Küche gehen und mir was zu trinken holen?

would you \go and get me some things from the supermarket? würdest du mir ein paar Sachen vom Supermarkt mitbringen?

I just want to \go and have a look at that antique shop over there ich möchte nur schnell einen Blick in das Antiquitätengeschäft da drüben werfen

would you wait for me while I \go and fetch my coat? wartest du kurz auf mich, während ich meinen Mantel hole?

I'll just \go and put my shoes on ich ziehe mir nur schnell die Schuhe on

\go and wash your hands geh und wasch deine Hände

she's gone to meet Brian at the station sie ist Brian vom Bahnhof abholen gegangen

to \go and get some fresh air frische Luft schnappen gehen

to \go to see sb jdn aufsuchen

3. (travel) reisen

have you ever gone to Africa before? warst du schon einmal in Afrika?

to \go by bike/car/coach/train mit dem Fahrrad/Auto/Bus/Zug fahren

to \go on a cruise eine Kreuzfahrt machen

to \go on [a] holiday in Urlaub gehen

to \go to Italy nach Italien fahren

last year I went to Spain letztes Jahr war ich in Spanien

to \go on a journey verreisen, eine Reise machen

to \go by plane fliegen

to \go on a trip eine Reise machen

to \go abroad ins Ausland gehen

4. (disappear) stain, keys verschwinden

where have my keys gone? wo sind meine Schlüssel hin?

ah, my tummy ache is gone! ah, meine Bauchschmerzen sind weg!

I really don't know where all my money \goes ich weiß auch nicht, wo mein ganzes Geld hinverschwindet!

half of my salary \goes on rent die Hälfte meines Gehaltes geht für die Miete drauf

gone are the days when... vorbei sind die Zeiten, wo...

here \goes my free weekend... das war's dann mit meinem freien Wochenende...

all his money \goes on his car er steckt sein ganzes Geld in sein Auto

there \goes another one! und wieder eine/einer weniger!

hundreds of jobs will \go das wird Hunderte von Arbeitsplätzen kosten

the president will have to \go der Präsident wird seinen Hut nehmen müssen

that cat will have to \go die Katze muss verschwinden!

all hope has gone jegliche Hoffnung ist geschwunden

to \go adrift NAUT abtreiben, wegtreiben; ( fig) gestohlen werden

one of my books has gone adrift from my desk eines meiner Bücher ist von meinem Schreibtisch verschwunden

to \go missing BRIT, AUS verschwinden

5. (leave) gehen

we have to \go now [or it's time to \go] wir müssen jetzt gehen

I must be \going ich muss jetzt allmählich gehen

has she gone yet? ist sie noch da?

the bus has gone der Bus ist schon weg; ( old)

be gone! hinweg mit dir veraltet

to let sth/sb \go, to let \go of sth/sb etw/jdn loslassen

6. (do)

to \go biking/jogging/shopping/swimming etc. Rad fahren/joggen/einkaufen/schwimmen etc. gehen

to \go looking for sb/sth jdn/etw suchen gehen

if you \go telling all my secrets,... wenn du hergehst und alle meine Geheimnisse ausplauderst,...

don't you dare \go crying to your mum about this untersteh dich, deswegen heulend zu deiner Mama zu laufen

7. (attend)

to \go to church/a concert in die Kirche/ins Konzert gehen

to \go to the cinema [or AM a movie] [or BRIT ( fam) the pictures] ins Kino gehen

to \go to the doctor zum Arzt gehen

to \go to kindergarten/school/university in den Kindergarten/in die Schule/auf die Universität gehen

to \go on a pilgrimage auf Pilgerfahrt gehen

8. (answer)

I'll \go (phone) ich geh' ran; (door) ich mach' auf

9. (dress up)

▪ to \go as sth witch, pirate als etw gehen

what shall I \go in? als was soll ich gehen?

10. + adj (become) werden

the line has gone dead die Leitung ist tot

the milk's gone sour die Milch ist sauer

the tyre has gone flat der Reifen ist platt

my mind suddenly went blank ich hatte plötzlich wie ein Brett vorm Kopf sl

I always \go red when I'm embarrassed ich werde immer rot, wenn mir etwas peinlich ist

he described the new regulations as bureaucracy gone mad er bezeichnete die neuen Bestimmungen als Ausgeburt einer wild gewordenen Bürokratie

I went cold mir wurde kalt

she's gone Communist sie ist jetzt Kommunistin

he's gone all environmental er macht jetzt voll auf Öko fam

to \go bad food schlecht werden

to \go bald/grey kahl/grau werden

to \go bankrupt bankrottgehen

to \go haywire (out of control) außer Kontrolle geraten; (malfunction) verrücktspielen fam

to \go public an die Öffentlichkeit treten; STOCKEX an die Börse gehen

to \go to sleep einschlafen

11. + adj (be) sein

to \go hungry hungern

to \go thirsty dursten, durstig sein ÖSTERR

to \go unmentioned/unnoticed/unsolved unerwähnt/unbemerkt/ungelöst bleiben

12. (turn out) gehen

how did your party \go? und, wie war deine Party?

how's your thesis \going? was macht deine Doktorarbeit?

how are things \going? und, wie läuft's? fam

if everything \goes well... wenn alles gutgeht...

things have gone well es ist gut gelaufen

the way things \go wie das halt so geht

the way things are \going at the moment... so wie es im Moment aussieht...

to \go like a bomb ein Bombenerfolg sein fam

to \go according to plan nach Plan laufen

to \go from bad to worse vom Regen in die Traufe kommen

to \go against/for sb election zu jds Ungunsten/Gunsten ausgehen

to \go wrong schiefgehen, schieflaufen fam

13. (pass) vergehen, verstreichen

time seems to \go faster as you get older die Zeit scheint schneller zu vergehen, wenn man älter wird

only two days to \go... nur noch zwei Tage...

one week to \go till Christmas noch eine Woche bis Weihnachten

in days gone by in längst vergangenen Zeiten

two exams down, one to \go zwei Prüfungen sind schon geschafft, jetzt noch eine, dann ist es geschafft!

I've three years to \go before I can retire mir fehlen noch drei Jahre bis zur Rente!

14. (begin) anfangen

ready to \go? bist du bereit?

one, two, three, \go! eins, zwei, drei, los!

we really must get \going with these proposals wir müssen uns jetzt echt an diese Konzepte setzen

let's \go! los!

here \goes! jetzt geht's los!

15. (fail) kaputtgehen; hearing, health, memory nachlassen; rope reißen

our computer is \going unser Computer gibt seinen Geist auf hum fam

my jeans is gone at the knees meine Jeans ist an den Knien durchgescheuert

her mind is \going sie baut geistig ganz schön ab! fam

16. (die) sterben

she went peacefully in her sleep sie starb friedlich im Schlaf

17. (belong) hingehören

I'll put it away if you tell me where it \goes ich räum's weg, wenn du mir sagst, wo es hingehört

the silverware \goes in the drawer over there das Silber kommt in die Schublade da drüben

those tools \go in the garage diese Werkzeuge gehören in die Garage

that is to \go into my account das kommt auf mein Konto

where do you want that to \go? wo soll das hin?

that \goes under a different chapter das gehört in ein anderes Kapitel

18. (be awarded)

▪ to \go to sb prize, house an jdn gehen; property auf jdn übergehen geh

Manchester went to Labour Manchester ging an Labour

19. (lead) road führen

where does this trail \go? wohin führt dieser Pfad?

20. (extend) gehen

the meadow \goes all the way down to the road die Weide erstreckt sich bis hinunter zur Straße

your idea is good enough, as far as it \goes... deine Idee ist so weit ganz gut,...

the numbers on the paper \go from 1 to 10 die Nummern auf dem Blatt gehen von 1 bis 10

21. (in auction) gehen

I'll \go as high as £200 ich gehe bis zu 200 Pfund

22. (function) watch gehen; machine laufen

our business has been \going for twenty years unser Geschäft läuft seit zwanzig Jahren

I'm not saying anything as long as the tape recorder is \going ich sage gar nichts, solange das Tonbandgerät läuft

to \go slow ECON einen Bummelstreik machen; watch nachgehen

to get sth \going [or to \go] [or to make sth \go] etw in Gang bringen

to get a party \going eine Party in Fahrt bringen

to get [or set] sb \going jdn in Fahrt bringen

to keep \going person weitermachen; car weiterfahren

come on! keep \going! ja, weiter! fam

to keep sth \going etw in Gang halten; factory in Betrieb halten

to keep a conversation \going eine Unterhaltung am Laufen halten

to keep a fire \going ein Feuer am Brennen halten

that thought kept me \going dieser Gedanke ließ mich durchhalten

here's some food to keep you \going hier hast du erst mal was zu essen

23. (have recourse) gehen

to \go to court over sth wegen einer S. gen vor Gericht gehen

to \go to the police zur Polizei gehen

to \go to war in den Krieg ziehen

24. (match, be in accordance)

▪ to \go [with sth] [zu etw dat] passen

these two colours don't \go diese beiden Farben beißen sich

to \go against logic unlogisch sein

to \go against one's principles gegen jds Prinzipien verstoßen

25. (fit)

five \goes into ten two times [or five into ten \goes twice] fünf geht zweimal in zehn

do you think all these things will \go into our little suitcase? glaubst du, das ganze Zeug wird in unseren kleinen Koffer passen? fam

26. (be sold) weggehen fam

\going, \going, gone! zum Ersten, zum Zweiten, [und] zum Dritten!

pocketbooks are \going for $10 for the next two days in den nächsten zwei Tagen sind die Taschenbücher für 10 Dollar zu haben

▪ to \go to sb an jdn gehen

to \go like hot cakes weggehen wie warme Semmeln fam

to be \going cheap billig zu haben sein

27. (serve, contribute)

▪ to \go [to sth] [zu etw dat] beitragen

the money will \go to the victims of the earthquake das Geld ist für die Erdbebenopfer bestimmt

this will \go towards your holiday das [Geld] ist für deinen Urlaub bestimmt

your daughter's attitude only \goes to prove how much... die Einstellung deiner Tochter zeigt einmal mehr, wie sehr...

28. (move) machen

when I \go like this, my hand hurts wenn ich so mache, tut meine Hand weh

\go like this with your hand to show that... mach so mit deiner Hand, um zu zeigen, dass...

29. (sound) machen

I think I heard the doorbell \go just now ich glaube, es hat gerade geklingelt

there \goes the bell es klingelt

ducks \go ‘quack’ Enten machen ‚quack‘

with sirens \going ambulance mit heulender Sirene

30. (accepted)

anything \goes alles ist erlaubt

that \goes for all of you das gilt für euch alle!

31. (be told, sung) gehen; title, theory lauten

I can never remember how that song \goes ich weiß nie, wie dieses Lied geht

the story \goes that... es heißt, dass...

the rumour \goes that... es geht das Gerücht, dass...

32. (compared to)

as hospitals/things \go verglichen mit anderen Krankenhäusern/Dingen

as things \go today it wasn't that expensive für heutige Verhältnisse war es gar nicht so teuer

33. ( fam: use the toilet)

I really have to \go ich muss ganz dringend mal! fam

34. ( fam: expressing annoyance)

I've gone and lost my earring ich habe meinen Ohrring verloren

you've really gone and done it now! jetzt hast du aber was Schönes angerichtet! iron; (pej!)

\go to hell! geh [o scher dich] zum Teufel! fam

35. AM (in restaurant)

do you want that pizza here or to \go? möchten Sie die Pizza hier essen oder mitnehmen?; AM

I'd like a cheeseburger to \go, please ich hätte gerne einen Cheeseburger zum Mitnehmen

36. (available)

is there any beer \going? gibt es Bier?

I'll have whatever is \going ich nehme das, was gerade da ist

37. ( fam: treat)

to \go easy on sb jdn schonend behandeln, jdn glimpflich davonkommen lassen

38.

▶ to \go all out to do sth alles daransetzen, etw zu tun

▶ to \go Dutch getrennt zahlen

▶ easy come, easy \go ( prov) wie gewonnen, so zerronnen prov

▶ \go [and] get stuffed! ( fam) du kannst mich mal! fam

▶ to \go halves on sth sich dat etw je zur Hälfte teilen

▶ here we \go again ( fam) jetzt geht das wieder los! fam

▶ \go [and] take a running jump! mach bloß, dass du abhaust [o ÖSTERR verschwindest]! fam

▶ there you \go bitte schön!; (told you so) sag ich's doch! fam

▶ there he \goes again ( fam) jetzt fängt er schon wieder damit an! fam

▶ don't \go there ( fam) lass dich nicht darauf ein

▶ that \goes without saying das versteht sich von selbst

II. AUXILIARY VERB

future tense

▪ to be \going to do sth etw tun werden

we are \going to have a party tomorrow wir geben morgen eine Party

he was \going to phone me this morning er wollte mich heute Morgen anrufen

isn't she \going to accept the job after all? nimmt sie den Job nun doch nicht an?

III. TRANSITIVE VERB

<goes, went, gone>

1. esp AM (travel)

▪ to \go sth a route, a highway etw nehmen

2. ( fam: say)

▪ to \go sth:

she \goes to me: I never want to see you again! sie sagt zu mir: ich will dich nie wieder sehen!

3. CARDS

▪ to \go sth etw reizen

to \go nap die höchste Zahl von Stichen ansagen

4. BRIT (like)

to not \go much on sth sich dat nicht viel aus etw dat machen

5. (become)

▪ to \go sth:

my mind went a complete blank ich hatte voll ein Brett vorm Kopf! fam

6.

▶ to \go it alone etw im Alleingang tun

▶ to \go it ( fam) es toll treiben fam; (move quickly) ein tolles Tempo drauf haben; (work hard) sich akk reinknien

▶ to \go a long way lange [vor]halten

▶ sb will \go a long way jd wird es weit bringen

▶ to \go nap alles auf eine Karte setzen

▶ to \go it some es laufenlassen fam

IV. NOUN

<pl -es>

1. (turn)

I'll have a \go at driving if you're tired ich kann dich mit dem Fahren ablösen, wenn du müde bist fam

you've had your \go already! du warst schon dran!

hey, it's Ken's \go now he, jetzt ist Ken dran

can I have a \go? darf ich mal?

to miss one \go einmal aussetzen; (not voluntarily) einmal übersprungen werden

2. (attempt) Versuch m

have a \go! versuch' es doch einfach mal! fam

at one \go auf einen Schlag; (drink) in einem Zug fam

all in one \go alle[s] auf einmal

at the first \go auf Anhieb

to give sth a \go etw versuchen

to have a \go at sb (criticize) jdn runtermachen fam; (attack) über jdn herfallen

his boss had a \go at him about his appearance sein Chef hat sich ihn wegen seines Äußeren vorgeknöpft fam

members of the public are strongly advised not to have a \go at this man die Öffentlichkeit wird eindringlich davor gewarnt, etwas gegen diesen Mann zu unternehmen

to have a \go at doing sth versuchen, etw zu tun

to have several \goes at sth für etw akk mehrere Anläufe nehmen

3. no pl (energy) Antrieb m, Elan m

to be full of \go voller Elan sein

4. esp BRIT ( fam: dose) Anfall m

she had such a bad \go of the flu that she took a week off from work sie hatte so eine schlimme Grippe, dass sie eine Woche in Krankenstand ging

5. ( fam: lots of activity)

it's all \go here hier ist immer was los fam

it's all \go and no relaxing on those bus tours auf diesen Busfahrten wird nur gehetzt und man kommt nie zum Ausruhen fam

I've got two projects on the \go at the moment ich habe momentan zwei Projekte gleichzeitig laufen

to be on the \go [ständig] auf Trab sein

I've been on the \go all day long ich war den ganzen Tag auf Achse fam

to keep sb on the \go jdn auf Trab halten fam

6.

▶ to be all the \go BRIT ( dated fam) der letzte Schrei sein

▶ to make a \go of sth mit etw dat Erfolg haben

she's making a \go of her new antique shop ihr neues Antiquitätengeschäft ist ein voller Erfolg fam

▶ that was a near \go das war knapp

▶ it's no \go da ist nichts zu machen

▶ to be touch and \go auf der Kippe stehen fam

▶ from the word \go von Anfang an

V. ADJECTIVE

pred [start]klar, in Ordnung

all systems [are] \go alles klar

all systems \go, take-off in t minus 10 alle Systeme zeigen grün, Start in t minus 10

* * *

go¹ [ɡəʊ]

A pl goes [ɡəʊz] s

1. Gehen n:

on the go umg

a) (ständig) in Bewegung oder auf Achse

b) obs im Verfall begriffen, im Dahinschwinden;

from the word go umg von Anfang an

2. Gang m, (Ver)Lauf m

3. umg Schwung m, Schmiss m umg:

this song has no go;

he is full of go er hat Schwung, er ist voller Leben

4. umg Mode f:

it is all the go now es ist jetzt große Mode

5. umg Erfolg m:

make a go of sth etwas zu einem Erfolg machen;

no go

a) kein Erfolg,

b) aussichts-, zwecklos;

it’s no go es geht nicht, nichts zu machen

6. umg Abmachung f:

it’s a go! abgemacht!

7. umg Versuch m:

have a go at sth etwas probieren oder versuchen;

let me have a go lass mich mal (probieren)!;

have a go at sb jemandem was zu hören geben umg;

have a go (Fußball) abziehen;

at one go auf einen Schlag, auf Anhieb;

in one go auf einen Sitz;

at the first go gleich beim ersten Versuch;

it’s your go du bist an der Reihe oder dran

8. umg ( besonders unangenehme) Sache, Geschichte f:

what a go! ’ne schöne Geschichte oder Bescherung!, so was Dummes!;

it was a near go das ging gerade noch (einmal) gut

9. umg

a) Portion f (einer Speise)

b) Glas n:

his third go of brandy sein dritter Kognak

10. Anfall m (einer Krankheit):

my second go of influenza meine zweite Grippe

B adj TECH umg funktionstüchtig

C v/i prät went [went], pperf gone [ɡɒn; US ɡɔːn], 3. sg präs goes [ɡəʊz]

1. gehen, fahren, reisen ( alle:

to nach), sich (fort)bewegen:

go on foot zu Fuß gehen;

go by plane ( oder air) mit dem Flugzeug reisen, fliegen;

go to Paris nach Paris reisen oder gehen;

go to the country Br (das Parlament auflösen und) Neuwahlen ausschreiben; → horseback A, train A 1

2. (fort)gehen, abfahren, abreisen (to nach):

people were coming and going Leute kamen und gingen;

who goes there? MIL wer da?;

I must be going ich muss gehen oder weg oder fort; → let¹ Bes Redew

3. verkehren, fahren (Fahrzeuge)

4. anfangen, loslegen, -gehen:

go! SPORT los!;

go to it! mach dich dran!, ran! (beide umg);

here you go again! jetzt fängst du schon wieder an!;

just go and try versuchs doch mal!;

here goes! umg dann mal los!, ran (an den Speck)!

5. gehen, führen (to nach):

this road goes to York

6. sich erstrecken, reichen, gehen (to bis):

the belt does not go round her waist der Gürtel geht oder reicht nicht um ihre Taille;

as far as it goes bis zu einem gewissen Grade;

it goes a long way es reicht lange (aus)

7. fig gehen:

let it go at that lass es dabei bewenden; → all Bes Redew, anywhere 1, court A 10, expense Bes Redew, far Bes Redew, heart Bes Redew, nowhere A 2

8. MATH (into) gehen (in akk), enthalten sein (in dat):

5 into 10 goes twice

9. gehen, passen ( beide:

into, in in akk), fallen (to auf akk):

it does not go into my pocket es geht oder passt nicht in meine Tasche;

12 inches go to the foot 12 Zoll gehen auf oder bilden einen Fuß

10. gehören (in, into in akk; on auf akk):

the books go on the shelf die Bücher gehören in oder kommen auf das Regal;

where does this go? wohin kommt das?

11. (to) gehen (an akk) (Preis etc), zufallen (dat) (Erbe):

the money is going to a good cause das Geld fließt einem guten Zweck zu oder kommt einem guten Zweck zugute!

12. TECH gehen, laufen, funktionieren (alle auch fig):

the engine is going;

keep (set) sth going etwas in Gang halten (bringen);

make things go die Sache in Schwung bringen; → get B 14, C 4, keep B 2

13. werden, in einen (bestimmten) Zustand übergehen oder verfallen:

your coffee will go cold dein Kaffee wird kalt;

go blind erblinden;

go Conservative zu den Konservativen übergehen; → bad¹ A 13, hot A 3, mad A 1

14. (gewöhnlich) (in einem Zustand) sein, sich ständig befinden:

go armed bewaffnet sein;

go in rags ständig in Lumpen herumlaufen;

go hungry hungern;

going sixteen im 16. Lebensjahr; → fear A 1, unheeded

15. a) meist go with child schwanger sein

b) go with young ZOOL trächtig sein

16. (with) gehen (mit), sich halten oder anschließen (an akk): → tide¹ A 3

17. sich halten (by, on, upon an akk), gehen, handeln, sich richten, urteilen (on, upon nach):

have nothing to go upon keine Anhaltspunkte haben;

going by her clothes ihrer Kleidung nach (zu urteilen)

18. umgehen, kursieren, im Umlauf sein (Gerüchte etc):

the story goes that … es heißt oder man erzählt sich, dass …

19. gelten ( for für):

what he says goes umg was er sagt, gilt;

that goes for all of you das gilt für euch alle;

it goes without saying es versteht sich von selbst, (es ist) selbstverständlich

20. gehen, laufen, bekannt sein:

it goes by ( oder under) the name of … es läuft unter dem Namen …;

my dog goes by the name of Rover mein Hund hört auf den Namen Rover

21. as hotels go im Vergleich zu anderen Hotels;

he’s a meek man, as men go er ist ein vergleichsweise sanftmütiger Mann

22. vergehen, -streichen:

how time goes! wie (doch) die Zeit vergeht!;

one minute to go noch eine Minute;

with five minutes to go SPORT fünf Minuten vor Spielende

23. WIRTSCH weggehen, abgesetzt oder verkauft werden ( beide:

at, for für):

“everything must go” „Totalausverkauf“;

go for nothing umsonst sein (Mühe etc); → cake A 1

24. (on, in) aufgehen (in dat), ausgegeben werden (für):

most of the money goes in wages;

all his money goes on drink er gibt sein ganzes Geld für Alkohol aus

25. dazu beitragen oder dienen ( to do zu tun), dienen (to zu), verwendet werden (to, toward[s] für, zu):

it goes to show dies zeigt, daran erkennt man;

this only goes to show you the truth dies dient nur dazu, Ihnen die Wahrheit zu zeigen

26. verlaufen, sich entwickeln oder gestalten:

how does the play go? wie geht oder welchen Erfolg hat das Stück?;

things have gone badly with me es ist mir schlecht ergangen

27. ausgehen, -fallen:

the decision went against him die Entscheidung fiel zu seinen Ungunsten aus;

it went well es ging gut (aus)

28. Erfolg haben:

the play goes;

go big umg ein Riesenerfolg sein

29. (with) gehen, sich vertragen, harmonieren (mit), passen (zu):

black goes well with yellow

30. ertönen, erklingen, läuten (Glocke), schlagen (Uhr):

the clock went five die Uhr schlug fünf;

the doorbell went es klingelte oder läutete

31. mit einem Knall etc losgehen:

bang went the gun die Kanone machte bumm

32. lauten (Worte etc):

I forget how the words go mir fällt der Text im Moment nicht ein;

this is how the tune goes so geht die Melodie;

this song goes to the tune of … dieses Lied geht nach der Melodie von …

33. gehen, verschwinden, abgeschafft werden:

he must go er muss weg;

these laws must go die Gesetze müssen verschwinden

34. (dahin)schwinden:

his strength is going;

my eyesight is going meine Augen werden immer schlechter

35. zum Erliegen kommen, zusammenbrechen (Handel etc)

36. kaputtgehen (Sohlen etc)

37. sterben

38. (im ppr mit inf) zum Ausdruck einer Zukunft, besonders

a) einer Absicht

b) etwas Unabänderlichem:

it is going to rain es gibt Regen, es wird (bald oder gleich) regnen;

he is going to read it er wird oder will es (bald) lesen;

she is going to have a baby sie bekommt ein Kind;

what was going to be done? was sollte nun geschehen?

39. (mit nachfolgendem ger) meist gehen:

go swimming schwimmen gehen;

you must not go telling him du darfst es ihm ja nicht sagen;

he goes frightening people er erschreckt immer die Leute

40. (daran)gehen, sich aufmachen oder anschicken:

he went to find him er ging ihn suchen;

she went to see him sie besuchte ihn;

go fetch! bring es!, hol es!;

he went and sold it umg er hat es tatsächlich verkauft; er war so dumm, es zu verkaufen

41. “pizzas to go” (Schild) US „Pizzas zum Mitnehmen“

42. erlaubt sein:

everything goes in this place hier ist alles erlaubt

43. besonders US umg wiegen:

I went 90 kilos last year letztes Jahr hatte ich 90 Kilo

D v/t

1. einen Weg, eine Strecke etc gehen

2. einen Betrag wetten, setzen (on auf akk)

3. Kartenspiel: ansagen

4. US umg eine Einladung oder Wette annehmen von:

I’ll go you! ich nehme an!, gemacht!

5. go it umg

a) sich reinknien, (mächtig) rangehen,

b) es toll treiben, auf den Putz hauen,

c) handeln:

go it alone einen Alleingang machen;

go it! ran!, (immer) feste! umg

go² [ɡəʊ] Go n (japanisches Brettspiel)

* * *
1. intransitive verb,
pres. he goes, p.t. went, pres. p. going, p.p. gone

1) gehen; [Fahrzeug:] fahren; [Flugzeug:] fliegen; [Vierfüßer:] laufen; [Reptil:] kriechen; (on horseback etc.) reiten; (on skis, roller skates) laufen; (in wheelchair, pram, lift) fahren

go by bicycle/car/bus/train or rail/boat or sea or ship — mit dem [Fahr]rad/Auto/Bus/Zug/Schiff fahren

go by plane or air — fliegen

go on foot — zu Fuß gehen; laufen (ugs.)

as one goes [along] — (fig.) nach und nach

do something as one goes [along] — (lit.) etwas beim Gehen od. unterwegs tun

go on a journey — eine Reise machen; verreisen

go first-class/at 50 m.p.h. — erster Klasse reisen od. fahren/80 Stundenkilometer fahren

have far to go — weit zu gehen od. zu fahren haben; es weit haben

the doll/dog goes everywhere with her — sie hat immer ihre Puppe/ihren Hund dabei

who goes there? — (sentry's challenge) wer da?

there you go — (coll., giving something) bitte!; da! (ugs.)

2) (proceed as regards purpose, activity, destination, or route) [Bus, Zug, Lift, Schiff:] fahren; (use means of transportation) fahren; (fly) fliegen; (proceed on outward journey) weg-, abfahren; (travel regularly) [Verkehrsmittel:] verkehren (from... to zwischen + Dat.... und)

his hand went to his pocket — er griff nach seiner Tasche

go to the toilet/cinema/moon/a museum/a funeral — auf die Toilette/ins Kino gehen/zum Mond fliegen/ins Museum/zu einer Beerdigung gehen

go to a dance — tanzen gehen

go to the doctor['s] — etc. zum Arzt usw. gehen

go [out] to China — nach China gehen

go [over] to America — nach Amerika [hinüber]fliegen/-fahren

go [off] to London — nach London [ab]fahren/[ab]fliegen

last year we went to Italy — letztes Jahr waren wir in Italien

go this/that way — hier/da entlanggehen/-fahren

go out of one's way — einen Umweg machen; (fig.) keine Mühe scheuen

go towards something/somebody — auf etwas/jemanden zugehen

don't go on the grass — geh nicht auf den Rasen

go by something/somebody — [Festzug usw.:] an etwas/jemandem vorbeiziehen; [Bus usw.:] an etwas/jemandem vorbeifahren

go in and out [of something] — [in etwas (Dat.)] ein- und ausgehen

go into something — in etwas (Akk.) [hinein]gehen

go looking for somebody — jemanden suchen gehen

go chasing after something/somebody — hinter etwas/jemandem herrennen (ugs.)

go to live in Berlin — nach Berlin ziehen

go to see somebody — jemanden aufsuchen

I went to water the garden — ich ging den Garten sprengen

go and do something — [gehen und] etwas tun

I'll go and get my coat — ich hole jetzt meinen Mantel

go and see whether... — nachsehen [gehen], ob...

go on a pilgrimage — etc. eine Pilgerfahrt usw. machen

go on TV/the radio — im Fernsehen/Radio auftreten

I'll go! — ich geh schon!; (answer phone) ich geh ran od. nehme ab; (answer door) ich mache auf

you go! — (to the phone) geh du mal ran!

3) (start) losgehen; (in vehicle) losfahren

let's go! — (coll.) fangen wir an!

here goes! — (coll.) dann mal los!

whose turn is it to go? — (in game) wer ist an der Reihe?

go first — (in game) anfangen

from the word go — (fig. coll.) [schon] von Anfang an

4) (pass, circulate, be transmitted) gehen

a shiver went up or down my spine — ein Schauer lief mir über den Rücken od. den Rücken hinunter

go to — (be given to) [Preis, Sieg, Gelder, Job:] gehen an (+ Akk.); [Titel, Krone, Besitz:] übergehen auf (+ Akk.); [Ehre, Verdienst:] zuteil werden (Dat.)

go towards — (be of benefit to) zugute kommen (+ Dat.)

go according to — (be determined by) sich richten nach

5) (make specific motion, do something specific)

go round — [Rad:] sich drehen

there he etc. goes again — (coll.) da, schon wieder!

here we go again — (coll.) jetzt geht das wieder los!

6) (act, work, function effectively) gehen; [Mechanismus, Maschine:] laufen

get the car to go — das Auto ankriegen (ugs.) od. starten

at midnight we were still going — um Mitternacht waren wir immer noch dabei od. im Gange

go by electricity — mit Strom betrieben werden

keep going — (in movement) weitergehen/-fahren; (in activity) weitermachen; (not fail) sich aufrecht halten

keep somebody going — (enable to continue) jemanden aufrecht halten

that'll keep me going — damit komme ich aus

keep something going — etwas in Gang halten

make something go, get/set something going — etwas in Gang bringen

7)

go to — (attend)

go to work — zur Arbeit gehen

go to church/school — in die Kirche/die Schule gehen

go to a comprehensive school — eine Gesamtschule besuchen; auf eine Gesamtschule gehen

8) (have recourse)

go to the originals — auf die Quellen zurückgreifen

go to the relevant authority/UN — sich an die zuständige Behörde/UN wenden

where do we go from here? — (fig.) und was nun? (ugs.)

9) (depart) gehen; [Bus, Zug:] [ab]fahren; [Post:] rausgehen (ugs.)

I must be going now — ich muss allmählich gehen

time to go! — wir müssen/ihr müsst usw. gehen!

to go — (Amer.) [Speisen, Getränke:] zum Mitnehmen

10) (euphem.): (die) sterben

be dead and gone — tot sein

after I go — wenn ich einmal nicht mehr bin

11) (fail) [Gedächtnis, Kräfte:] nachlassen; (cease to function) kaputtgehen; [Maschine, Computer usw.:] ausfallen; [Sicherung:] durchbrennen; (break) brechen; [Seil usw.:] reißen; (collapse) einstürzen; (fray badly) ausfransen

the jacket has gone at the elbows — die Jacke ist an den Ellbogen durchgescheuert

12) (disappear) verschwinden; [Geruch, Rauch:] sich verziehen; [Geld, Zeit:] draufgehen (ugs.) (in, on für); (be relinquished) aufgegeben werden; [Tradition:] abgeschafft werden; (be dismissed) [Arbeitskräfte:] entlassen werden

be gone from sight — außer Sicht geraten sein

my coat/the stain has gone — mein Mantel/der Fleck ist weg

where has my hat gone? — wo ist mein Hut [geblieben]?

all his money goes on women — er gibt sein ganzes Geld für Frauen aus

13) (elapse) [Zeit:] vergehen; [Interview usw.:] vorüber-, vorbeigehen

that has all gone by — das ist jetzt alles vorbei

in days gone by — in längst vergangenen Zeiten

14)

to go — (still remaining)

have something [still] to go — [noch] etwas übrig haben

there's hours to go — es dauert noch Stunden

one week etc. to go to... — noch eine Woche usw. bis...

there's only another mile to go — [es ist] nur noch eine Meile

still have a mile to go — noch eine Meile vor sich (Dat.) haben

one down, two to go — einer ist bereits erledigt, bleiben noch zwei übrig (salopp)

15) (be sold) weggehen (ugs.); verkauft werden

it went for £1 — es ging für 1 Pfund weg

going! going! gone! — zum ersten! zum zweiten! zum dritten!

16) (run) [Grenze, Straße usw.:] verlaufen, gehen; (afford access, lead) gehen; führen; (extend) reichen; (fig.) gehen

as or so far as he/it goes — soweit

17) (turn out, progress) [Ereignis, Projekt, Interview, Abend:] verlaufen

go against somebody/something — [Wahl, Kampf:] zu jemandes/einer Sache Ungunsten ausgehen; [Entscheidung, Urteil:] zu jemandes/einer Sache Ungunsten ausfallen

how did your holiday/party go? — wie war Ihr Urlaub/Ihre Party?

how is the book going? — was macht [denn] das Buch?

things have been going well/badly/smoothly — etc. in der letzten Zeit läuft alles gut/schief/glatt usw.

how are things going?, how is it going? — wie steht's od. (ugs.) läuft's?

18) (be, have form or nature, be in temporary state) sein; [Sprichwort, Gedicht, Titel:] lauten

this is how things go, that's the way it goes — so ist es nun mal

go against something — mit etwas nicht übereinstimmen

go against one's principles — gegen seine Prinzipien gehen

go hungry — hungern; hungrig bleiben

go without food/water — es ohne Essen/Wasser aushalten

go in fear of one's life — in beständiger Angst um sein Leben leben; see also go against

19) (become) werden

the tyre has gone flat — der Reifen ist platt

the phone has gone dead — die Leitung ist tot

the constituency/York went Tory — der Wahlkreis/York ging an die Tories

20) (have usual place) kommen; (belong) gehören

where does the box go? — wo kommt od. gehört die Kiste hin?

where do you want this chair to go? — wo soll od. kommt der Stuhl hin?

21) (fit) passen

go in[to] something — in etwas (Akk.) gehen od. [hinein]passen

go through something — durch etwas [hindurch]gehen od. [hindurch]passen

six into twelve goes twice — sechs geht zweimal in zwölf

five goes into forty exactly — vierzig durch fünf geht auf

22) (harmonize, match) passen ( with zu)

the two colours don't go — die beiden Farben passen nicht zusammen od. beißen sich

23) (serve, contribute) dienen

the qualities that go to make a leader — die Eigenschaften, die einen Führer ausmachen

it just goes to show that... — daran zeigt sich, dass...

24) (make sound of specified kind) machen; (emit sound) [Turmuhr, Gong:] schlagen; [Glocke:] läuten

There goes the bell. School is over — Es klingelt. Die Schule ist aus

the fire alarm went at 3 a. m. — der Feueralarm ging um 3 Uhr morgens los

a police car with its siren going — ein Polizeiwagen mit eingeschalteter Sirene

25) as intensifier (coll.)

don't go making or go and make him angry — verärgere ihn bloß nicht

don't go looking for trouble — such keinen Streit

I gave him a £10 note and, of course, he had to go and lose it — (iron.) ich gab ihm einen 10-Pfund-Schein, und er musste ihn natürlich prompt verlieren

now you've been and gone and done it! — (coll.) du hast ja was Schönes angerichtet! (ugs. iron.)

go tell him I'm ready — (coll./Amer.) geh und sag ihm, dass ich fertig bin

26) (coll.): (be acceptable or permitted) erlaubt sein; gehen (ugs.)

everything/anything goes — es ist alles erlaubt

it/that goes without saying — es/das ist doch selbstverständlich

what he etc. says, goes — was er usw. sagt, gilt. See also going; gone
2. transitive verb, forms as
I

1) (Cards) spielen

2) (coll.)

go it — es toll treiben; (work hard) rangehen

he has been going it a bit too hard — er hat es etwas zu weit getrieben

go it! — los!; weiter!
3. noun
, pl. goes (coll.)

1) (attempt, try) Versuch, der; (chance) Gelegenheit, die

have a go — es versuchen od. probieren

have a go at doing something — versuchen, etwas zu tun

have a go at something — sich an etwas (Dat.) versuchen

let me have/can I have a go? — lass mich [auch ein]mal/kann ich [auch ein]mal? (ugs.)

it's my go — ich bin an der Reihe od. dran

in two/three goes — bei zwei/drei Versuchen

at the first go — auf Anhieb

2)

have a go at somebody — (scold) sich (Dat.) jemanden vornehmen od. vorknöpfen (ugs.); (attack) über jemanden herfallen

3) (period of activity)

in one go — auf einmal

he downed his beer in one go — er trank sein Bier in einem Zug aus

4) (energy) Schwung, der

be full of go — voller Schwung od. Elan sein

have plenty of go — einen enormen Schwung od. Elan haben

5) (vigorous activity)

it's all go — es ist alles eine einzige Hetzerei (ugs.)

it's all go at work — es ist ganz schön was los bei der Arbeit

be on the go — auf Trab sein (ugs.)

keep somebody on the go — jemanden auf Trab halten (ugs.)

6) (success)

make a go of something — mit etwas Erfolg haben

it's no go — da ist nichts zu machen
4. adjective
(coll.)

all systems go — alles klar

Phrasal Verbs:

- go about

- go after

- go against

- go ahead

- go along

- go along with

- go around

- go at

- go away

- go back

- go by

- go down

- go down with

- go for

- go forward

- go in

- go in for

- go into

- go in with

- go off

- go on

- go on for

- go on to

- go on with

- go out

- go over

- go over to

- go round

- go through

- go through with

- go together

- go under

- go up

- go with

- go without

* * *

(deer-) stalking expr.

auf die Pirsch gehen ausdr. v.

(§ p.,p.p.: went, gone)

= funktionieren v.

führen v.

gehen v.

(§ p.,pp.: ging, ist gegangen)

English-german dictionary > go
15 hit

1. transitive verb,
-tt-, hit

1) (strike with blow) schlagen; (strike with missile) treffen; [Geschoss, Ball usw.:] treffen

I've been hit! — (struck by bullet) ich bin getroffen!

I could hit him — (fig. coll.) ich könnte ihm eine runterhauen (ugs.)

hit somebody over the head — jemandem eins überziehen (ugs.)

hit by lightning — vom Blitz getroffen

2) (come forcibly into contact with) [Fahrzeug:] prallen gegen [Mauer usw.]; [Schiff:] laufen gegen [Felsen usw.]

the aircraft hit the ground — das Flugzeug schlug auf den Boden auf

hit the roof or ceiling — (fig. coll.): (become angry) an die Decke od. in die Luft gehen (ugs.)

3) (cause to come into contact) [an]stoßen; [an]schlagen

hit one's head on something — mit dem Kopf gegen etwas stoßen; sich (Dat.) den Kopf an etwas (Dat.) stoßen

4) (fig.): (cause to suffer)

hit badly or hard — schwer treffen

5) (fig.): (affect) treffen

have been hit by frost/rain — etc. durch Frost/Regen usw. gelitten haben

6) (fig.): (light upon) finden; stoßen od. treffen auf (+ Akk.); finden [Bodenschätze]

7) (fig. coll.): (arrive at) erreichen [Höchstform, bestimmten Ort, bestimmte Höhe, bestimmtes Alter usw.]

I think we've hit a snag — ich glaube, jetzt gibt's Probleme

hit town — ankommen; see also academic.ru/1849/all-time">all-time

8) (fig. coll.): (indulge in) zuschlagen bei (+ Dat.) (salopp)

[begin to] hit the bottle — das Trinken anfangen

9) (Cricket) erzielen [Lauf]

hit the ball for six — (Brit.) sechs Läufe auf einmal erzielen

hit somebody for six — (fig.) jemanden übertrumpfen
2. intransitive verb,
-tt-, hit

1) (direct a blow) schlagen

hit hard — fest od. hart zuschlagen

hit at somebody/something — auf jemanden/etwas einschlagen

hit and run — [Autofahrer:] Fahrer- od. Unfallflucht begehen; [Angreifer:] einen Blitzüberfall machen

2) (come into forcible contact)

hit against or upon something — gegen od. auf etwas (Akk.) stoßen
3. noun
1) (blow) Schlag, der

2) (shot or bomb striking target) Treffer, der

3) (success) Erfolg, der; Knüller, der (ugs.); (success in entertainment) Schlager, der; Hit, der (ugs.)

make a hit — gut ankommen

Phrasal Verbs:

- hit back

- hit off

- hit out

- hit upon

* * *
[hit] 1. present participle - hitting; verb
1) (to (cause or allow to) come into hard contact with: The ball hit him on the head; He hit his head on/against a low branch; The car hit a lamp-post; He hit me on the head with a bottle; He was hit by a bullet; That boxer can certainly hit hard!) schlagen, treffen

2) (to make hard contact with (something), and force or cause it to move in some direction: The batsman hit the ball (over the wall).) stoßen

3) (to cause to suffer: The farmers were badly hit by the lack of rain; Her husband's death hit her hard.) treffen

4) (to find; to succeed in reaching: His second arrow hit the bull's-eye; Take the path across the fields and you'll hit the road; She used to be a famous soprano but she cannot hit the high notes now.) treffen
2. noun
1) (the act of hitting: That was a good hit.) der Schlag

2) (a point scored by hitting a target etc: He scored five hits.) der Treffer

3) (something which is popular or successful: The play/record is a hit; ( also adjective) a hit song.) der Hit, Hit-...

•

- hit-and-run
- hit-or-miss
- hit back
- hit below the belt
- hit it off
- hit on
- hit out
- make a hit with
* * *

hit

[hɪt]

I. n

1. (blow) Schlag m

to give sb a \hit [on the head] jdm einen Schlag [auf den Kopf] versetzen

2. (verbal blow) Seitenhieb m (at gegen + akk)

3. (shot) Treffer m

to suffer [or take] a direct \hit direkt getroffen werden

the hurricane scored a direct \hit on Miami der Orkan traf Miami mit voller Wucht

4. (collision) Aufprall m

few animals survive a \hit from a speeding car nur wenige Tiere überleben es, wenn sie von einem Auto angefahren werden

5. (success) Hit m fam

to be [or make] a [big] \hit with sb bei jdm gut ankommen

she's trying to make a \hit with my brother sie versucht, bei meinem Bruder zu landen fam

6. (in baseball) Hit m

to score a \hit einen Punkt machen

7. (sl: single dose of drug) Schuss m sl

8. esp AM ( fam: murder)

to score a \hit jdn umlegen fam

9. INET (visit to a web page) Besuch m einer Webseite

10. COMPUT (in database) Treffer m

11.

▶ to get a \hit from doing sth (sl) von etw dat einen Kick kriegen sl

▶ to take a [big] \hit einen [großen] Verlust hinnehmen [müssen]

II. n modifier (CD, musical) Hit-

\hit song Hit m

his musical was a \hit show sein Musical war ein Riesenerfolg

she had a one-\hit wonder five years ago sie hatte vor fünf Jahren einen einzigen Hit

III. vt

<-tt-, hit, hit>

1. (strike)

▪ to \hit sb/an animal jdn/ein Tier schlagen

to \hit sb a blow jdm einen Schlag versetzen

to \hit sb below the belt ( also fig) jdm einen Schlag unter die Gürtellinie versetzen a. fig

to \hit sb on [or over] the head jdn niederschlagen

to \hit sb in the stomach jdm einen Schlag in den Magen versetzen

to \hit sb where it hurts ( fig) jdn an einer empfindlichen Stelle treffen fig

2. (come in contact)

▪ to \hit sb/sth jdn/etw treffen

the house was \hit by lightning in das Haus schlug der Blitz ein

to \hit sb hard jdn schwer treffen

3. (touch, press)

to \hit a button einen Knopf drücken

to \hit a key auf eine Taste drücken

4. (crash into)

▪ to \hit sth gegen etw akk stoßen

their car \hit a tree ihr Auto krachte gegen einen Baum fam

she \hit her head on the edge of the table sie schlug sich den Kopf an der Tischkante an

the glass \hit the floor das Glas fiel zu Boden

to \hit an iceberg mit einem Eisberg kollidieren

5. (with missile)

▪ to be \hit getroffen werden

I've been \hit! mich hat's erwischt! fam

John was \hit in the leg John wurde am Bein getroffen

6. SPORT

to \hit a ball [with a bat] einen Ball [mit einem Schläger] treffen

to \hit sb below the belt jdn unter der Gürtellinie treffen

to \hit a century hundert Punkte erzielen

to \hit a home run einen Homerun erzielen

7. (affect negatively)

▪ to \hit sb/sth jdn/etw treffen

San Francisco was \hit by an earthquake last night San Francisco wurde letzte Nacht von einem Erdbeben erschüttert

to be badly \hit by sth von etw dat hart getroffen werden

production has been badly \hit by the strike die Produktion leidet sehr unter dem Streik

8. ( fam: arrive at)

▪ to \hit sth:

we should \hit the main road after five miles or so wir müssten nach ungefähr fünf Meilen auf die Hauptstraße stoßen

my sister \hit forty last week meine Schwester wurde letzte Woche 40

to \hit the headlines in die Schlagzeilen kommen

to \hit an internet page [or a web site] eine Webseite besuchen

to \hit the market auf den Markt kommen

to \hit the papers in die Zeitungen kommen

to \hit 200 kph 200 Sachen machen fam

to \hit rock bottom [or an all-time low] einen historischen Tiefstand erreichen

to \hit a patch of ice auf Glatteis geraten

to \hit a reef/a sandbank auf ein Riff/eine Sandbank auflaufen

9. ( fam: go to)

we \hit the snack bar for something to eat wir gingen in die Snackbar und kauften uns was zu essen

let's \hit the dance floor lass uns tanzen!

10. (encounter)

to \hit oil auf Öl stoßen

to \hit a bad [or sticky] patch in eine Krise geraten

to \hit a lot of resistance auf heftigen Widerstand stoßen

to \hit the rush hour/a traffic jam in die Stoßzeit/einen Stau geraten

to \hit trouble in Schwierigkeiten geraten

11. (occur to)

▪ to \hit sb jdm aufgehen [o auffallen]

it suddenly \hit me that... mir war plötzlich klar, dass

has it ever \hit you...? ist dir schon mal aufgefallen,...

12. (produce)

to \hit a [wrong] note einen [falschen] Ton treffen

to \hit the right note speech den richtigen Ton treffen fig

13. ( fam: murder)

▪ to \hit sb jdn umlegen fam

14. ( fam: ask for)

▪ to \hit sb [up] for sth jdn nach etw dat fragen

15.

▶ to \hit the books büffeln fam

▶ to \hit the bottle zur Flasche greifen fig

▶ to \hit the ceiling [or roof] an die Decke gehen fig fam

▶ to \hit the deck [or dirt] sich akk zu Boden werfen

\hit the deck! someone's coming! alle Mann runter! da kommt jemand!

▶ sth \hits sb between the eyes etw springt jdm ins Auge fig

▶ to \hit the ground running etw voller Begeisterung angehen fam

▶ to \hit the hay [or sack] in die Falle gehen fig fam

▶ to \hit home:

the full horror of the war only \hit home when we... die Schrecklichkeit des Krieges wurde uns erst so richtig bewusst, als...

his insults really \hit home! seine Beleidigungen saßen! fam

▶ to \hit the jackpot das große Los ziehen

▶ to not know what has \hit one aus allen Wolken fallen fam

▶ to \hit the nail on the head den Nagel auf den Kopf treffen fig

▶ to \hit the road sich akk auf den Weg machen

▶ to \hit sb for six BRIT jdn hart treffen

▶ sth really \hits the spot etw ist genau das Richtige

▶ to \hit one's stride seinen Rhythmus finden

IV. vi

1. (strike)

▪ to \hit [at sb/sth] [nach jdm/etw] schlagen

to \hit hard kräftig zuschlagen

2. (collide)

two cars \hit on the sharp bend zwei Autos stießen in der scharfen Kurve zusammen

3. (attack)

▪ to \hit at sb ( also fig) jdn attackieren a. fig

4. (take effect) wirken

we sat waiting for the alcohol to \hit wir warteten, bis der Alkohol wirkte

* * *
[hɪt] vb: pret, ptp hit
1. n

1) (= blow) Schlag m; (on target, FENCING) Treffer m; (BASEBALL) Schlag m → score

See:

→ score

2) (= success ALSO THEAT) Erfolg m, Knüller m (inf); (= song) Hit m

to be or make a ( big) hit with sb — bei jdm (ausgesprochen) gut ankommen

3) (of sarcasm etc) Spitze f

that's a hit at me — das ist eine Spitze gegen mich; (indirect also) das ist auf mich gemünzt

4) (INTERNET) Hit m; (on home page etc) Abrufzahlen pl

hits counter — Zugriffs- or Besucherzähler m, Counter m

5) (DRUGS inf) (= injection) Schuss m; (= drag) Zug m

6) (inf: murder) Mord m

2. vt

1) (= strike) schlagen; (COMPUT) key drücken

to hit sb a blow — jdm einen Schlag versetzen

he hit him a blow over the head — er gab ihm einen Schlag auf den Kopf

to hit one's head against sth — sich (dat) den Kopf an etw (dat) stoßen

he hit his head on the table — er schlug mit dem Kopf auf dem Tisch auf

the car hit a tree — das Auto fuhr gegen einen Baum

he was hit by a stone —

the house was hit by a shell — das Haus wurde von einer Granate getroffen

the tree was hit by lightning —

to hit one's way out of trouble (Tennis) (Boxing) we're going to hit the enemy as hard as we can — sich freischlagen sich freispielen sich freiboxen wir werden so hart wie möglich gegen den Feind vorgehen

the commandos hit the town at dawn — die Kommandos griffen die Stadt im Morgengrauen an

the hurricane hit Miami last night — der Hurrikan erreichte gestern Abend Miami

the courts will hit drug pushers hard — die Gerichte werden hart gegen Dealer vorgehen

the smell hit me as I entered the room — der Geruch schlug mir entgegen, als ich ins Zimmer kam

he didn't know what had hit him (inf) — er wusste nicht, wie ihm geschah

you won't know what has hit you (inf) — du wirst dein blaues Wunder erleben (inf)

2) (= wound) treffen

he's been hit in the leg —

I've been hit! — ich bin getroffen worden, mich hats erwischt (inf)

3) mark, target treffen

that hit home (fig) — das hat getroffen, das saß (inf)

you've hit it (on the head) (fig) — du hast es (genau) getroffen

4) (= affect adversely) betreffen

the crops were hit by the rain — der Regen hat der Ernte geschadet

to be hard hit by sth — von etw schwer getroffen werden

how will this tax hit you? — wie wird sich diese Steuer auf Sie auswirken?

5) (= achieve, reach) likeness, top C treffen; speed, level, top form etc erreichen

6)

(news, story) to hit the papers — in die Zeitungen kommen

the news hit us/Wall Street like a bombshell — die Nachricht schlug bei uns/in Wall Street wie eine Bombe ein

7)

(= occur to) to hit sb — jdm aufgehen

has it ever hit you how alike they are? — ist dir schon mal aufgefallen, wie ähnlich sie sich sind?

8) (= come to, arrive at) beaches etc erreichen

to hit town (inf) —

we eventually hit the right road — schließlich haben wir den richtigen Weg gefunden or erwischt (inf)

we're going to hit the rush hour — wir geraten or kommen direkt in den Stoßverkehr

the driver hit a patch of ice — der Fahrer geriet auf eine vereiste Stelle

to hit trouble/a problem — auf Schwierigkeiten/ein Problem stoßen

9) (= score) schlagen

to hit a century — hundert Läufe machen

10) (inf: murder) killen (inf), umlegen (inf)

11) (US inf)

to hit sb for 50 dollars — jdn um 50 Dollar anhauen (inf)

12)

(fig inf phrases) to hit the bottle — zur Flasche greifen

to hit the roof — an die Decke or in die Luft gehen (inf)

to hit the deck — sich zu Boden werfen, sich hinwerfen

the vase hit the deck and shattered — die Vase schlug or knallte (inf) auf den Boden und zerschellte

to hit the dance floor —

let's hit the floor — lass uns tanzen

to hit the road — sich auf den Weg or die Socken (inf) machen

in April the candidates will hit the campaign trail — im April werden sich die Kandidaten in den Wahlkampf stürzen

to hit the ground running (person) — sofort alles im Griff haben

3. vi

1) (= strike) schlagen

he hits hard — er schlägt hart zu

2) (= collide) zusammenstoßen

3) (= attack, go in) losschlagen

* * *

hit [hıt]

A s

1. Schlag m, Hieb m

2. auch SPORT und fig Treffer m:

make ( oder score) a hit

a) einen Treffer erzielen,

b) fig gut ankommen ( with bei)

3. Glücksfall m, -treffer m

4. Hit m (Buch, Schlager etc):

it (he) was a big hit es (er) hat groß eingeschlagen

5. a) treffende Bemerkung, guter Einfall

b) Hieb m (at gegen), sarkastische Bemerkung:

that was a hit at me das ging gegen mich

6. TYPO US (Ab)Druck m

7. sl Schuss m (Drogeninjektion):

give o.s. a hit sich einen Schuss setzen oder drücken

8. umg ( von einem hit man ausgeführter) Mord

B v/t prät und pperf hit

1. schlagen, einen Schlag versetzen (dat):

the door hit me in the face ich bekam die Tür ins Gesicht; → hard B 2

2. (auch fig seelisch, finanziell etc) treffen:

he was hit by a bullet (on the head) er wurde von einer Kugel (am Kopf) getroffen;

hit the nail on the head fig den Nagel auf den Kopf treffen;

he’s badly hit ihn hat es schlimm erwischt umg;

hit the ( oder one’s) books US umg büffeln;

hit the bottle umg saufen;

hit it sl sich in die Falle oder Klappe hauen; → brick A 1, ceiling 1, deck A 1, hard B 2, hay¹ A 1, road 1, sack¹ A 6

3. a) AUTO etc jemanden oder etwas anfahren, etwas rammen:

be hit by a car auch von einem Auto erfasst werden;

hit a mine SCHIFF auf eine Mine laufen

b) aufschlagen oder auftreffen auf (akk)

4. hit one’s head against ( oder on) sich den Kopf anschlagen an (dat), mit dem Kopf stoßen gegen

5. hit sb a blow jemandem einen Schlag versetzen

6. besonders fig stoßen oder kommen auf (akk), finden:

hit oil auf Öl stoßen;

hit the right road auf die richtige Straße kommen;

hit the right solution die richtige Lösung finden;

you have hit it! du hast es getroffen!, so ist es!

7. hit sb’s fancy ( oder taste) jemandes Geschmack treffen, jemandem zusagen

8. fig geißeln, scharf kritisieren

9. erreichen, etwas schaffen:

the car hits 100 mph;

prices hit an all-time high die Preise erreichten eine Rekordhöhe; → front page, headline A 1

10. genau treffen oder wiedergeben, treffend nachahmen, überzeugend darstellen oder schildern

11. besonders US umg jemanden anhauen, anpumpen ( beide:

for um)

12. umg ankommen in (dat):

hit town die Stadt erreichen

13. besonders US sl jemanden umlegen (hit man)

C v/i

1. treffen

2. schlagen (at nach):

hit hard einen harten Schlag haben

3. stoßen, schlagen ( beide:

against gegen;

on, upon auf akk)

4. MIL einschlagen (Granate etc)

5. hit (up)on fig → B 6

6. AUTO US umg zünden, laufen:

hit on all four cylinders gut laufen (a. fig)

7. auch hit up sl schießen (Heroin etc spritzen)

* * *
1. transitive verb,
-tt-, hit

1) (strike with blow) schlagen; (strike with missile) treffen; [Geschoss, Ball usw.:] treffen

I've been hit! — (struck by bullet) ich bin getroffen!

I could hit him — (fig. coll.) ich könnte ihm eine runterhauen (ugs.)

hit somebody over the head — jemandem eins überziehen (ugs.)

hit by lightning — vom Blitz getroffen

2) (come forcibly into contact with) [Fahrzeug:] prallen gegen [Mauer usw.]; [Schiff:] laufen gegen [Felsen usw.]

the aircraft hit the ground — das Flugzeug schlug auf den Boden auf

hit the roof or ceiling — (fig. coll.): (become angry) an die Decke od. in die Luft gehen (ugs.)

3) (cause to come into contact) [an]stoßen; [an]schlagen

hit one's head on something — mit dem Kopf gegen etwas stoßen; sich (Dat.) den Kopf an etwas (Dat.) stoßen

4) (fig.): (cause to suffer)

hit badly or hard — schwer treffen

5) (fig.): (affect) treffen

have been hit by frost/rain — etc. durch Frost/Regen usw. gelitten haben

6) (fig.): (light upon) finden; stoßen od. treffen auf (+ Akk.); finden [Bodenschätze]

7) (fig. coll.): (arrive at) erreichen [Höchstform, bestimmten Ort, bestimmte Höhe, bestimmtes Alter usw.]

I think we've hit a snag — ich glaube, jetzt gibt's Probleme

hit town — ankommen; see also all-time

8) (fig. coll.): (indulge in) zuschlagen bei (+ Dat.) (salopp)

[begin to] hit the bottle — das Trinken anfangen

9) (Cricket) erzielen [Lauf]

hit the ball for six — (Brit.) sechs Läufe auf einmal erzielen

hit somebody for six — (fig.) jemanden übertrumpfen
2. intransitive verb,
-tt-, hit

1) (direct a blow) schlagen

hit hard — fest od. hart zuschlagen

hit at somebody/something — auf jemanden/etwas einschlagen

hit and run — [Autofahrer:] Fahrer- od. Unfallflucht begehen; [Angreifer:] einen Blitzüberfall machen

2) (come into forcible contact)

hit against or upon something — gegen od. auf etwas (Akk.) stoßen
3. noun
1) (blow) Schlag, der

2) (shot or bomb striking target) Treffer, der

3) (success) Erfolg, der; Knüller, der (ugs.); (success in entertainment) Schlager, der; Hit, der (ugs.)

make a hit — gut ankommen

Phrasal Verbs:

- hit back

- hit off

- hit out

- hit upon

* * *

n.

Hieb -e m.

Hit -s m.

Stoß ¨-e m.

Treffer - m. v.

(§ p.,p.p.: hit)

= anschlagen v.

aufschlagen v.

schlagen v.

(§ p.,pp.: schlug, geschlagen)

treffen v.

(§ p.,pp.: traf, getroffen)

English-german dictionary > hit
16 на

1. предл. (притежателно отношение, отношение към деятел, служба или причина за нещо след съществителни, образувани от преходни глаголи) of

къщата на баща ми my father's house

къщата на Петър Peter's house

един приятел на баща ми a friend of my father's

трудът на работника the labour of the worker, the worker's labour

покривът на къщата the roof of the house

началникът на отдела the head of the department

жертва на дълга a victim of duty

писането на писма the writing of letters, writing letters

свидетел на защитата a witness for the defence

отглеждане на добитък cattle breeding

2. (дателно отношение) to

или без предл.

дай го на Петър give it (to) Peter

дай на Петър една ябълка give Peter an apple

дай една ябълка на него give an apple to him, give him an apple

дай на всекиго по една ябълка give each an apple

кажи на всички tell everybody

на Петър, с най-добри пожелания to/for Peter with best wishes

на тях им се роди син a son was born to them

3. (за място, положение) on, upon, at, in

книгата е на масата the book is on the table

седя на масата sit at the table

на стола on/in the chair

на стената on the wall

облягам се на стената lean against the wall

на тавана on the ceiling; in the attic

виси на кука it hangs on a hook

на тази страница on this page

на четири кряка on all fours

на училище/черква съм be at school/church

на кино/театър at the cinema/theatre

на концерт/бал at a concert/ball

на сватба/погребение at a wedding/funeral

на двора in the yard

на полето in the field

на улицата in/ам. on the street

на север in the north; up north

на юг in the south; down south

на море at the seaside

на планина in the mountain(s)

на слънце/сянка in the sun/shade

на чист въздух in the open air

на дъжда in the rain

на служба при in the service of

на 4 метра зад къщата 4 metres behind the house

на шест мили от града within six miles of the town

4. (за посока) on, to

слагам на масата put on the table

падам на земята fall on/to the ground

потъвам на дъното sink to the bottom

на север/юг to the north/south

north (wards)/south(wards) (от of)

отивам на север go up north

отивам на юг go down south

излизам на улицата go out into the street

5. (място или област като обект на някаква дейност) on, to, for

отивам на училище/пазар/кино/концерт/сватба и пр. go to school/market/the cinema/a concert/a wedding, etc.

отивам на разходка go for a walk

отивам на екскурзия/гости go on a hike/a visit

отивам на жетва/гъби/къпини go harvesting/mushrooming/blackberrying

той е на гости he is on a visit, he is visiting

отивам на почивка go on a holiday

оттеглям се на съвещание withdraw (to deliberate)

ходя на лов/риба/ски/покупки go hunting/fishing/skiing/shopping

отивам на война go to war

6. (за време, конкретен момент) on, at

на 9 май on May 9, on the 11th of May

на същия/другия/третия ден (on) the same/next/third day

на залез-слънце at sunset

на здрачаване at dusk

на часа immediately, at once, then and there

на прощаване at parting

7. (за възраст) at

на петгодишна възраст at the age of five, at five years of age

на 14 години aged forty

на колко си години? how old are you? what's your age?

на млади години in o.'s youth

на стари години in o.'s old age

когато бях на пет години when I was five

той е на моята възраст he is a man of my age

8. (за мярка, вид, качество, начин на действие, състояние, посредством, чрез)

9. частица (ето, това е) here; here is...

на какво трябва да направиш this is what you've got to do

10. (вземи) here you are; take it

на ти пари за тетрадки here is some money for notebooks

11. ама на! but there! there it is! ей тъй на! just so! ( без особена причина) just like that!

12. screw on.

прах в очите на gull, dupe, fool, throw dust in s.o.'s eyes, blear the eyes of

за очи for appearance's sake, for window-dressing; for the look of it, to save face/appearances; it is all eyewash

за черните очи на for love, for s.o.'s (sweet) sake, for s.o.'s fair eyes

правя мили очи на make up to, coax, wheedle, ingratiate o.s. (with)

в моите очи to my eye, in my opinion

издигам се/падам в очите на rise/fall in s.o.'s estimation/esteem

далеч от очите, далеч от сърцето out of sight, out of mind

махай се от очите ми! out of my sight! с отворени очи fully conscious/aware

скрит от очите на хората hidden from sight

със сведени очи with downcast eyes

с какви очи (ще гледам и пр.) how on earth

на part o.'s hair

на по средата a parting in the middle

на отстрани parting on one side

Млечният на астр. the Milky Way, the Galaxy

намирам се на на и под на be as common as blackberries

не съм го намерил на ная it's too precious

оставям на ная le left stranded

върви си по ная mind your own business

прав ти на good riddance.

някого s.o.'s right-hand man

дело на човешка ръка made by human hands/by human work (manship)

нося на ръце make much of

не са ми останали ръце от работа I have worked/worn my fingers to the bone

ще ми откъсне ръцете it weighs a ton

дай на (при пазарлък) done! it's a bargain!

на-

1. предст. (достатъчно, до насита) enough, o.'s fill

have/do enough (c ger. на глагола)

have o.'s fill of (c ger. на глагола)

натанцувам се dance o.'s fill, have o.'s fill of dancing

наприказвах се I've talked my fill, I've talked enough, I've done enough talking

2. (всичко) all

набаданосахме стаите we've painted all the rooms

3. (много) a lot of, lots of, heaps/piles of

навадихме картофи и ги натоварихме we dug up lots of potatoes and loaded them on the cart

навземам take a lot of, take lots of

4. (малко) slightly

накиселявам be slightly sour, have a slightly sour taste

5. (в) into, in

набърквам dip into

нахлувам break/rush in

6. (нагоре, едно върху друго) up

наежвам се bristle up

накамарявам heap/pile up

7. (навсякъде) all over

нажилвам sting all over

8. (на ситни парчета) up

накълцвам cut/chop up

9. (започване на действие, чувство) begin с инф., conceive а... с отглаголно същ.

ще те намрази he'll begin to hate you

намразих го I conceived a hatred for him

10. (отгоре си) on

навличам си ботушите pull o.'s boots on

* * *

на,

част.

1. ( ето, това е) here; here is …;

2. ( вземи) here you are; take it;

3.: ама \на! but her! there it is! ей тъй \на! just so! ( без особена причина) just like that!

——————

на,

предл.

1. (прит. отношение; отношение към деятел, служба или причина за нещо; след същ., образувани от прех. гл.) of; един приятел \на баща ми a friend of my father’s; къщата \на баща ми my father’s house; отглеждане \на добитък cattle breeding; свидетел \на защитата a witness for defence; трудът \на работника the labour of the worker, the worker’s labour;

2. ( дателно отношение) to; или без предл.; дай го \на Петър give it (to) Peter; дай една ябълка \на него give an apple to him, give him an apple; дай \на Петър една ябълка give Peter an apple; \на Петър, с най-добри пожелания to/for Peter with best wishes; \на тях им се роди син a son was born to them;

3. (за място, положение) on, upon, at, in; книгата е \на масата the book is on the table; \на 20 метра зад къщата 20 meters behind the house; \на двора in the yard; \на море at the seaside; \на планина in the mountain(s); \на полето in the field; \на сватба/погребение at a wedding/funeral; \на север in the north; up north; \на служба при in the service of; \на слънце/сянка in the sun/shade; \на тавана on the ceiling; in the attic; \на улицата in/амер. on the street; \на училище/черква съм be at school/church; \на четири крака on all fours; \на шест мили от града within six miles of the town; \на юг in the south; down south; облягам се \на стената lean against the wall; седя \на масата sit at the table;

4. (за посока) on, to; излизам \на улицата go out into the street; \на север/юг to the north/south; north(wards)/south(wards) (от of); отивам \на юг go down south; падам \на земята fall on/to the ground;

5. ( място или област като обект на някаква дейност) on, to, for; отивам \на война go to war; отивам \на екскурзия/гости go on a hike/a visit; отивам \на кино go to the cinema; отивам \на почивка go on a holiday; отивам \на разходка go for a walk; оттеглям се \на съвещание withdraw (to deliberate); ходя \на лов/риба/ски/покупки go hunting/fishing/skiing/shopping;

6. (за време, конкретен момент) on, at; \на 24 май on May 24, on the 24th of May; \на залез слънце at sunset; \на прощаване at parting; \на часа immediately, at once, then and there;

7. (за възраст) at; \на колко си години? how old are you? what’s your age? \на петгодишна възраст at the age of five, at five years of age; \на стари години in o.’s old age; \на 40 години aged forty; той е \на моята възраст he is a man of may age;

8. (за мярка, вид, качество, начин на действие, състояние; посредством, чрез) in; by; млад \на години young in years; \на вехто second hand; \на вяра on credit; \на голо on/over o.’s bare skin, next to the skin; \на два етажа in two storeys; \на дело in practice; \на дребно (за търговия) retail; \на едро wholesale; \на кръст crosswise; \на купчини in heaps; \на ръка by hand; \на свои разноски at o.’s own expense; \на смях/шега for fun; продавам \на метър/литър sell by the metre/litre; работя \на парче work by the piece;

9. (за умножение, деление, разпределение, честота) by, in, into, per; два пъти \на ден/месец/година twice a day/mouth/year; деля \на две divide in two; \на глава per capita/head; \на месец per/a month, monthly; 5 \на 3 метра 5 by 3 meters; плащат им \на час they are paid by the hour; по пет лева \на човек five levs each, five levs apiece, five levs per head; режа \на парчета cut in/into pieces;

10. (за език и пр.) in; как е “ риба” \на френски? what’s the French (word) for “fish”? \на френски in French; превеждам \на френски translate/turn into French;

11. ( към): \на изчезване near extinction; \на свършване е it is running out, it is low;

12. ( отношение към инструмент, машина, игра) on ( или не се превежда); играя \на шах/футбол play chess/football; изсвирвам нещо \на цигулка и пр. play s.th. on the violin, etc.; работя \на машина operate/run/work a machine; свиря \на пиано play the piano;

13. ( преход в дадено състояние) to, into; ставам \на прах/пара turn (in) to dust/vapour; • има вкус \на it tastes of; мирише \на it smells of; \на бира ли сте или \на вино? what will you have, beer or wine? \на ваше разположение at your disposal; \на добро е it is a good omen; \на добър час! good luck! ( при изпращане) bon voyage! have a good trip! \на дъжд е it looks like rain; \на оръжие! to arms!

* * *

at; by; in (място); into (при делене); to (за дателен падеж); to (за движение)

* * *
1. (дателно отношение) to 2. (за време, конкретен момент) on, at 3. (за място, положение) on, upon, at, in 4. (за посока) on, to 5. (място или област като обект на някаква дейност) on, to, for 6. 1 (вземи) here you are;take it 7. 1 (за възраст) at 8. 1 (за мярка, вид, качество, начин на действие, състояние, посредством, чрез) 9. 1 screw on. 10. 1 ама НА! but there! there it is! ей тъй НА! just so! (без особена причина) just like that! 11. 1 предл. (притежателно отношение, отношение към деятел, служба или причина за нещо 12. 10, on the 13. 11th of May 14. 13 години aged forty 15. 15 частица (ето, това е) here;here is... 16. 4 метра зад къщата 17. 5 metres behind the house 18. 9 май on May 19. north(wards)/south(wards) (от of) 20. Млечният НА acmp. the Milky Way, the Galaxy 21. НА 22. НА no средата a parting in the middle 23. НА part o.'s hair 24. НА Петър, с най-добри пожелания to/for Peter with best wishes 25. НА двора in the yard 26. НА дъжда in the rain 27. НА залез-слънце at sunset 28. НА здрачаване at dusk 29. НА какво трябва да направиш this is what you've got to do 30. НА кино/театър at the cinema/theatre 31. НА колко си години? how old are you?what's your age? 32. НА концерт/бал at a concert/ball 33. НА млади години in o.'s youth 34. НА море at the seaside 35. НА отстрани parting on one side 36. НА петгодишна възраст at the age of five, at five years of age 37. НА планина in the mountain(s) 38. НА полето in the field 39. НА прощаване at parting 40. НА сватба/погребение at a wedding/funeral 41. НА север in the north;up north 42. НА север/юг to the north/south 43. НА служба при in the service of 44. НА слънце/сянка in the sun/shade 45. НА стари години in o.'s old age 46. НА стената on the wall 47. НА стола on/in the chair 48. НА същия/другия/третия ден (on) the same/next/third day 49. НА тавана on the ceiling;in the attic 50. НА тази страница on this page 51. НА ти пари за тетрадки here is some money for notebooks 52. НА тях им се роди син a son was born to them 53. НА улицата in/ам. on the street 54. НА училище/черква съм be at school/church 55. НА часа immediately, at once, then and there 56. НА четири кряка on all fours 57. НА чист въздух in the open air 58. НА шест мили от града within six miles of the town 59. НА юг in the south;down south 60. в моите очи to my eye, in my opinion 61. виси НА кука it hangs on a hook 62. върви си по НАя mind your own business 63. дай НА (при пазарлък) done! it's a bargain ! 64. дай НА Петър една ябълка give Peter an apple 65. дай НА всекиго по една ябълка give each an apple 66. дай го НА Петър give it (to) Peter 67. дай една ябълка НА него give an apple to him, give him an apple 68. далеч от очите, далеч от сърцето out of sight, out of mind 69. дело НА човешка ръка made by human hands/by human work(manship) 70. един приятел НА баща ми а friend of my father's 71. жертва НА дълга a victim of duty 72. за очи for appearance's sake, for window-dressing;for the look of it, to save face/appearances;it is all eyewash 73. за черните очи на for love, for s.o.'s (sweet) sake, for s.o.'s fair eyes 74. издигам се/падам в очите на rise/fall in s.o.'s estimation/esteem 75. излизам НА улицата go out into the street 76. или без предл. 77. кажи НА всички tell everybody 78. книгата е НА масата the book is on the table 79. когато бях НА пет години when I was five 80. къщата НА Петър Peter's house 81. къщата НА баща ми my father's house 82. махай се от очите ми! out of my sight! с отворени очи fully conscious/aware 83. намирам се на НА и под НА be as common as blackberries 84. началникът НА отдела the head of the department 85. не са ми останали ръце от работа I have worked/worn my fingers to the bone 86. не съм го намерил на НАя it's too precious 87. нося НА ръце make much of 88. някого s.o.'s right-hand man 89. облягам се НА стената lean against the wall 90. оставям на НАя lе left stranded 91. отглеждане НА добитък cattle breeding 92. отивам НА война go to war 93. отивам НА екскурзия/гости go on a hike/a visit 94. отивам НА жетва/гъби/къпини go harvesting/mushrooming/blackberrying 95. отивам НА почивка go on a holiday 96. отивам НА разходка go for a walk 97. отивам НА север go up north 98. отивам НА училище/пазар/кино/концерт/сватба и пр. go to school/market/the cinema/a concert/a wedding, etc. 99. отивам НА юг go down south 100. оттеглям се НА съвещание withdraw (to deliberate) 101. падам НА земята fall on/to the ground 102. писането НА писма the writing of letters, writing letters 103. покривът НА къщата the roof of the house 104. потъвам НА дъното sink to the bottom 105. прав ти НА good riddance. 106. правя мили очи на make up to, coax, wheedle, ingratiate o.s. (with) 107. прах в очите на gull, dupe, fool, throw dust in s.o.'s eyes, blear the eyes of 108. с какви очи (ще гледам и пр.) how on earth. 109. свидетел НА защитата a witness for the defence 110. седя НА масата sit at the table 111. скрит от очите на хората hidden from sight 112. слагам НА масата put on the table 113. след съществителни, образувани от преходни глаголи) of 114. със сведени очи with downcast eyes 115. той е НА гости he is on a visit, he is visiting 116. той е НА моята възраст he is a man of my age 117. трудът НА работника the labour of the worker, the worker's labour 118. ходя НА лов/риба/ски/покупки go hunting/fishing/skiing/shopping 119. ще ми откъсне ръцете it weighs a ton

Български-английски речник > на
17 set

set [set]

jeu ⇒ 1 (a) série ⇒ 1 (a) ensemble ⇒ 1 (a), 1 (c) cercle ⇒ 1 (b) appareil ⇒ 1 (d) poste ⇒ 1 (d) set ⇒ 1 (e) fixe ⇒ 2 (a) arrêté ⇒ 2 (b) figé ⇒ 2 (b) résolu ⇒ 2 (c) prêt ⇒ 2 (d) mettre ⇒ 3 (a), 3 (c), 3 (d) poser ⇒ 3 (a), 3 (c), 3 (e), 3 (i) situer ⇒ 3 (b) régler ⇒ 3 (c) fixer ⇒ 3 (f), 3 (i) établir ⇒ 3 (f) faire prendre ⇒ 3 (h) se coucher ⇒ 4 (a) prendre ⇒ 4 (b)

(pt & pp set, cont setting)

1 noun

(a) (of tools, keys, golf clubs, sails) jeu m; (of numbers, names, instructions, stamps, weights) série f; (of books) collection f; (of furniture) ensemble m; (of cutlery, dishes, glasses) service m; (of lingerie) parure f; (of wheels) train m; (of facts, conditions, characteristics, data) ensemble m; (of events, decisions, questions) série f, suite f; Typography (of proofs, characters) jeu m; Computing (of characters, instructions) jeu m, ensemble m;

∎ a set of matching luggage un ensemble de valises assorties;

∎ a set of table/bed linen une parure de table/de lit;

∎ a set of sheets une parure de lit;

∎ badminton/chess set jeu m de badminton/d'échecs;

∎ they're playing with Damian's train set ils jouent avec le train électrique de Damian;

∎ the cups/the chairs are sold in sets of six les tasses/les chaises sont vendues par six;

∎ I can't break up the set je ne peux pas les dépareiller;

∎ they make a set ils vont ensemble;

∎ to collect the (whole) set rassembler toute la collection, faire la collection;

∎ he made me a duplicate set (of keys) il m'a fait un double des clés; (of contact lenses) il m'en a fait une autre paire;

∎ a full set of the encyclopedia une encyclopédie complète;

∎ a full set of Tolstoy's works les œuvres complètes de Tolstoï;

∎ they've detected two sets of fingerprints ils ont relevé deux séries d'empreintes digitales ou les empreintes digitales de deux personnes;

∎ given another set of circumstances, things might have turned out differently dans d'autres circonstances, les choses auraient pu se passer différemment;

∎ the first set of reforms la première série ou le premier train de réformes;

∎ they ran a whole set of tests on me ils m'ont fait subir toute une série d'examens

(b) (social group) cercle m, milieu m;

∎ he's not in our set il n'appartient pas à notre cercle;

∎ we don't go around in the same set nous ne fréquentons pas le même milieu ou monde;

∎ the riding/yachting set le monde ou milieu de l'équitation/du yachting;

∎ the literary set les milieux mpl littéraires;

∎ the Markham set Markham et ses amis

(c) Mathematics ensemble m

(d) (electrical device) appareil m; (radio, TV) poste m;

∎ a colour TV set un poste de télévision ou un téléviseur couleur

(e) Sport set m, manche f;

∎ first set to Miss Williams set Williams

(f) Cinema & Television plateau m; Theatre (stage) scène f; (scenery) décor m;

∎ on (the) set Cinema & Television sur le plateau; Theatre sur scène

(g) (part of performance → by singer, group)

∎ he'll be playing two sets tonight il va jouer à deux reprises ce soir;

∎ her second set was livelier la deuxième partie de son spectacle a été plus animée

(h) British School groupe m de niveau

(i) (for hair) mise f en plis;

∎ to have a set se faire faire une mise en plis

(j) (posture → of shoulders, body) position f, attitude f; (→ of head) port m;

∎ I could tell he was angry by the set of his jaw rien qu'à la façon dont il serrait les mâchoires, j'ai compris qu'il était en colère

(k) (direction → of wind, current) direction f;

∎ suddenly the set of the wind changed le vent a tourné soudainement

(l) Psychology (tendency) tendance f

(m) Horticulture (seedling) semis m; (cutting) bouture f;

∎ tomato/tulip sets tomates fpl/tulipes fpl à repiquer

(n) (clutch of eggs) couvée f

(o) Hunting (of hound) arrêt m

(p) Building industry (paving stone) pavé m

(q) (of badger) terrier m

2 adjective

(a) (specified, prescribed → rule, price, quantity, sum, wage) fixe;

∎ meals are at set times les repas sont servis à heures fixes;

∎ there are no set rules for raising children il n'y a pas de règles toutes faites pour l'éducation des enfants;

∎ the tasks must be done in the set order les tâches doivent être accomplies dans l'ordre prescrit;

∎ with no set purpose sans but précis

(b) (fixed, rigid → ideas, views) arrêté; (→ smile, frown) figé;

∎ her day followed a set routine sa journée se déroulait selon un rituel immuable;

∎ he has a set way of doing it il a sa méthode pour le faire;

∎ to be set in one's ways avoir ses (petites) habitudes;

∎ to become set in one's views devenir rigide dans ses opinions

(c) (intent, resolute) résolu, déterminé;

∎ to be set on or upon sth vouloir qch à tout prix;

∎ I'm (dead) set on finishing it tonight je suis (absolument) déterminé à le finir ce soir;

∎ he's dead set against it il s'y oppose formellement

(d) (ready, in position) prêt;

∎ are you (all) set to go? êtes-vous prêt à partir?

(e) (likely) probablement;

∎ he seems well set to win il semble être sur la bonne voie ou être bien parti pour gagner;

∎ house prices are set to rise steeply les prix de l'immobilier vont vraisemblablement monter en flèche

(f) British School (book, subject) au programme;

∎ one of our set books is 'Oliver Twist' un des ouvrages au programme est 'Oliver Twist'

3 transitive verb

(a) (put in specified place or position) mettre, poser;

∎ he set his cases down on the platform il posa ses valises sur le quai;

∎ to set sth before sb (dish, glass) placer qch devant qn; (proposal, plan) présenter qch à qn;

∎ she set the steaming bowl before him elle plaça le bol fumant devant lui;

∎ to set a proposal before the board présenter un projet au conseil d'administration;

∎ to set sb on his/her feet again remettre qn sur pied;

∎ to set a match to sth mettre le feu à qch;

∎ to set sb ashore débarquer qn

(b) (usu passive) (locate, situate → building, story) situer;

∎ the house is set in large grounds la maison est située dans un grand parc;

∎ his eyes are set too close together ses yeux sont trop rapprochés;

∎ the story is set in Tokyo l'histoire se passe ou se déroule à Tokyo;

∎ her novels are set in the 18th century ses romans se passent au XVIIIème siècle

(c) (adjust → clock, mechanism) régler; (→ alarm) mettre; Computing (→ tabs, format) poser;

∎ I set my watch to New York time j'ai réglé ma montre à l'heure de New York;

∎ set your watches an hour ahead avancez vos montres d'une heure;

∎ he's so punctual you can set your watch by him! il est si ponctuel qu'on peut régler sa montre sur lui!;

∎ I've set the alarm for six j'ai mis le réveil à (sonner pour) six heures;

∎ how do I set the margins? comment est-ce que je fais pour placer les marges?;

∎ set the timer for one hour mettez le minuteur sur une heure;

∎ first set the control knob to the desired temperature mettez tout d'abord le bouton de réglage sur la température voulue;

∎ the lever was set in the off position le levier était sur "arrêt"

(d) (fix into position) mettre, fixer; (jewel, diamond) sertir, monter;

∎ the handles are set into the drawers les poignées sont encastrées dans les tiroirs;

∎ there was a peephole set in the door il y avait un judas dans la porte;

∎ to set a stake in the ground enfoncer ou planter un pieu dans la terre;

∎ metal bars had been set in the concrete des barres en métal avaient été fixées dans le béton;

∎ the brooch was set with pearls la broche était sertie de perles;

∎ the ruby was set in a simple ring le rubis était monté sur un simple anneau;

∎ Medicine to set a bone réduire une fracture;

∎ figurative his face was set in a frown son visage était figé dans une grimace renfrognée;

∎ she set her jaw and refused to budge elle serra les dents et refusa de bouger;

∎ we had set ourselves to resist nous étions déterminés à résister

(e) (lay, prepare in advance → trap) poser, tendre;

∎ to set the table mettre le couvert ou la table;

∎ to set the table for two mettre deux couverts;

∎ set an extra place at table rajoutez un couvert

(f) (establish → date, price, schedule, terms) fixer, déterminer; (→ rule, guideline, objective, target) établir; (→ mood, precedent) créer;

∎ they still haven't set a date for the party ils n'ont toujours pas fixé de date pour la réception;

∎ you've set yourself a tough deadline or a tough deadline for yourself vous vous êtes fixé un délai très court;

∎ it's up to them to set their own production targets c'est à eux d'établir ou de fixer leurs propres objectifs de production;

∎ a deficit ceiling has been set un plafonnement du déficit a été imposé ou fixé ou décidé;

∎ to set a value on sth décider de la valeur de qch;

∎ figurative they set a high value on creativity ils accordent une grande valeur à la créativité;

∎ the price was set at £500 le prix a été fixé à 500 livres;

∎ the judge set bail at $1,000 le juge a fixé la caution à 1000 dollars;

∎ how are exchange rates set? comment les taux de change sont-ils déterminés?;

∎ to set an age limit at… fixer une limite d'âge à…;

∎ to set a new fashion or trend lancer une nouvelle mode;

∎ to set a new world record établir un nouveau record mondial;

∎ to set the tone for or of sth donner le ton de qch

(g) (indicating change of state or activity)

∎ to set sth alight or on fire mettre le feu à qch;

∎ it sets my nerves on edge ça me crispe;

∎ also figurative she set me in the right direction elle m'a mis sur la bonne voie;

∎ to set sb against sb monter qn contre qn;

∎ he/the incident set the taxman on my trail il/l'incident a mis le fisc sur ma piste;

∎ to set the dogs on sb lâcher les chiens sur qn;

∎ the incident set the family against him l'incident a monté la famille contre lui;

∎ it will set the country on the road to economic recovery cela va mettre le pays sur la voie de la reprise économique;

∎ his failure set him thinking son échec lui a donné à réfléchir;

∎ the scandal will set the whole town talking le scandale va faire jaser toute la ville;

∎ to set the dog barking faire aboyer le chien;

∎ the wind set the leaves dancing le vent a fait frissonner les feuilles;

∎ to set a machine going mettre une machine en marche

(h) (solidify → yoghurt, jelly, concrete) faire prendre;

∎ pectin will help to set the jam la pectine aidera à épaissir la confiture

(i) (pose → problem) poser; (assign → task) fixer;

∎ the strikers' demands set the management a difficult problem les exigences des grévistes posent un problème difficile à la direction;

∎ I set them to work tidying the garden je les ai mis au désherbage du jardin;

∎ I've set myself the task of writing to them regularly je me suis fixé la tâche de leur écrire régulièrement

(j) British School (exam) composer, choisir les questions de; (books, texts) mettre au programme;

∎ she set the class a maths exercise, she set a maths exercise for the class elle a donné un exercice de maths à la classe;

∎ who sets the test questions? qui choisit les questions de l'épreuve?

(k) (hair)

∎ to set sb's hair faire une mise en plis à qn;

∎ and I've just had my hair set! et je viens de me faire faire une mise en plis!;

∎ I set my own hair je me fais moi-même mes mises en plis

(l) Horticulture (plant) planter

(m) Typography (text, page) composer;

∎ to set type composer

(n) Music (poem, words)

∎ to set sth to music mettre qch en musique

4 intransitive verb

(a) (sun, moon, stars) se coucher;

∎ we saw the sun setting nous avons vu le coucher du soleil

(b) (become firm → glue, cement, plaster, jelly, yoghurt) prendre;

∎ her features had set in an expression of determination ses traits s'étaient durcis en une expression de très forte détermination

(c) (bone) se ressouder

(d) (start) se mettre;

∎ he set to work il s'est mis au travail

(e) (plant, tree) prendre racine

(f) (hen) couver

(g) (wind, tide)

∎ the wind looks set fair to the east on dirait un vent d'ouest

(h) Hunting (hound) tomber en arrêt

►► Theatre, Cinema & Television set designer décorateur(trice) m,f;

Grammar set expression expression f figée;

set figures (in skating) figures fpl imposées;

set meal, set menu meal menu m;

Grammar set phrase expression f figée;

set piece

(a) Art, Literature & Music morceau m de bravoure

(b) (fireworks) pièce f (de feu) d'artifice

(c) (of scenery) élément m de décor

(d) Sport combinaison f préparée ou calculée;

Sport set point (in tennis) balle f de set;

Technology set screw vis f de réglage;

Sport set scrum (in rugby) mêlée f fermée;

set square équerre f (à dessiner);

set task tâche f assignée;

∎ to give sb a set task to do assigner à qn une tâche bien précise;

Mathematics set theory théorie f des ensembles

➲ set about inseparable transitive verb

(a) (start → task) se mettre à;

∎ she set about changing the tyre elle s'est mise à changer le pneu;

∎ I didn't know how to set about it je ne savais pas comment m'y prendre;

∎ how does one set about getting a visa? comment fait-on pour obtenir un visa?

(b) (attack) attaquer, s'en prendre à;

∎ he set about the mugger with his umbrella il s'en est pris à son agresseur à coups de parapluie

➲ set against separable transitive verb

(a) (compare)

∎ to set sth against sth comparer qch à qch;

∎ to set the benefits against the costs évaluer les bénéfices par rapport aux coûts;

∎ we must set the government's promises against its achievements nous devons examiner les promesses du gouvernement à la lumière de ses actions

(b) Finance (offset)

∎ some of these expenses can be set against tax certaines de ces dépenses peuvent être déduites des impôts

(c) (friends, family) monter contre;

∎ religious differences have set family against family les différences religieuses ont monté les familles les unes contre les autres;

∎ to set oneself or one's face against sth s'opposer résolument à qch

➲ set ahead separable transitive verb

American

∎ to set the clock ahead avancer l'horloge;

∎ we're setting the clocks ahead tonight on change d'heure cette nuit

➲ set apart separable transitive verb

(a) (place separately → object) mettre à part ou de côté;

∎ there was one deck chair set slightly apart from the others il y avait une chaise longue un peu à l'écart des autres;

∎ they set themselves apart ils faisaient bande à part

(b) (distinguish) distinguer ( from de);

∎ her talent sets her apart from the other students son talent la distingue des autres étudiants

➲ set aside separable transitive verb

(a) (put down → knitting, book) poser;

∎ could you set aside what you're working on for a while? pouvez-vous laisser ce que vous êtes en train de faire un moment?

(b) (reserve, keep → time, place) réserver; (→ money) mettre de côté; (→ arable land) mettre en friche;

∎ I've set tomorrow aside for house hunting j'ai réservé la journée de demain pour chercher une maison;

∎ the room is set aside for meetings la pièce est réservée aux réunions;

∎ can you set the book aside for me? pourriez-vous me mettre ce livre de côté?;

∎ chop the onions and set them aside coupez les oignons et réservez-les

(c) (overlook, disregard) mettre de côté, oublier, passer sur;

∎ they set their differences aside in order to work together ils ont mis de côté leurs différences pour travailler ensemble

(d) (reject → dogma, proposal, offer) rejeter

(e) Law (annul → contract, will) annuler; (→ verdict, judgment) casser

➲ set back separable transitive verb

(a) (situate towards the rear)

∎ the building is set back slightly from the road l'immeuble est un peu en retrait par rapport à la route

(b) (delay → plans, progress) retarder;

∎ his illness set him back a month in his work sa maladie l'a retardé d'un mois dans son travail;

∎ the news may set him or his recovery back la nouvelle risque de retarder sa guérison;

∎ this decision will set the economy back ten years cette décision va faire revenir l'économie dix ans en arrière

(c) familiar (cost) coûter à^□ ;

∎ the trip will set her back a bit le voyage va lui coûter cher

➲ set down separable transitive verb

(a) (tray, bag etc) poser

(b) British (passenger) déposer;

∎ the bus sets you down in front of the station le bus vous dépose devant la gare

(c) (note, record) noter, inscrire;

∎ try and set your thoughts down on paper essayez de mettre vos pensées par écrit

(d) (establish → rule, condition) établir, fixer;

∎ the government has set down a margin for pay increases le gouvernement a fixé une fourchette pour les augmentations de salaire;

∎ permissible levels of pollution are set down in the regulations les taux de pollution tolérés sont fixés dans les réglementations;

∎ to set sth down in writing coucher qch par écrit;

∎ it is clearly set down that drivers must be insured il est clairement signalé ou indiqué que tout conducteur doit être assuré

➲ set forth

1 inseparable transitive verb

formal (expound → plan, objections) exposer, présenter;

∎ the recommendations are set forth in the last chapter les recommandations sont détaillées ou énumérées dans le dernier chapitre

2 intransitive verb

literary partir, se mettre en route

➲ set in

1 intransitive verb

(problems) survenir, surgir; (disease) se déclarer; (winter) commencer; (night) tomber;

∎ if infection sets in si la plaie s'infecte;

∎ the bad weather has set in for the winter le mauvais temps s'est installé pour tout l'hiver;

∎ panic set in (began) la panique éclata; (lasted) la panique s'installa

2 separable transitive verb

Sewing (sleeve) monter

➲ set off

1 separable transitive verb

(a) (alarm) déclencher; (bomb) faire exploser; (fireworks) faire partir

(b) (reaction, process, war) déclencher, provoquer;

∎ their offer set off another round of talks leur proposition a déclenché une autre série de négociations;

∎ it set her off on a long tirade against bureaucracy cela eut pour effet de la lancer dans une longue tirade contre la bureaucratie;

∎ to set sb off laughing faire rire qn;

∎ this answer set them off (laughing) cette réponse a déclenché les rires;

∎ one look at his face set me off again en le voyant, mon fou rire a repris de plus belle;

∎ if you say anything it'll only set him off (crying) again si tu dis quoi que ce soit, il va se remettre à pleurer;

∎ the smallest amount of pollen will set her off la moindre dose de pollen lui déclenche une réaction allergique;

∎ don't mention Maradona or you'll set him off again surtout ne prononce pas le nom de Maradona sinon il va recommencer;

∎ someone mentioned the war and of course that set Uncle Arthur off quelqu'un prononça le mot guerre, et évidemment, oncle Arthur embraya aussitôt sur le sujet;

∎ figurative to set sb off on the wrong track mettre qn sur une fausse piste

(c) (enhance) mettre en valeur;

∎ the vase sets off the flowers beautifully le vase met vraiment les fleurs en valeur

(d) Finance (offset)

∎ some of these expenses can be set off against tax certaines de ces dépenses peuvent être déduites des impôts

2 intransitive verb

partir, se mettre en route;

∎ he set off at a run il est parti en courant;

∎ I set off to explore the town je suis parti explorer la ville;

∎ after lunch, we set off again après le déjeuner, nous avons repris la route

➲ set on

1 inseparable transitive verb

(attack) attaquer, s'en prendre à

2 separable transitive verb

(a) (cause to follow)

∎ to set the police on the tracks of a thief mettre la police aux trousses d'un voleur;

∎ to set sb on his/her way mettre qn sur les rails

(b) (cause to attack)

∎ to set a dog on sb lâcher un chien sur qn

➲ set out

1 separable transitive verb

(a) (arrange → chairs, game pieces) disposer; (→ merchandise) étaler;

∎ the shopping centre is very well set out le centre commercial est très bien conçu

(b) (present → ideas) exposer, présenter;

∎ the information is set out in the table below ces données sont présentées dans le tableau ci-dessous

2 intransitive verb

(a) (leave) se mettre en route, partir;

∎ just as he was setting out au moment de son départ;

∎ to set out for school partir pour l'école;

∎ to set out again repartir;

∎ to set out in pursuit/in search of sb se mettre à la poursuite/à la recherche de qn

(b) (undertake course of action) entreprendre;

∎ he has trouble finishing what he sets out to do il a du mal à terminer ce qu'il entreprend;

∎ I can't remember now what I set out to do je ne me souviens plus de ce que je voulais faire à l'origine;

∎ they all set out with the intention of changing the world au début, ils veulent tous changer le monde;

∎ she didn't deliberately set out to annoy you il n'était pas dans ses intentions de vous froisser;

∎ his theory sets out to prove that… sa théorie a pour objet de prouver que…

➲ set to intransitive verb

(a) (begin work) commencer, s'y mettre;

∎ we set to with a will nous nous y sommes mis avec ardeur

(b) familiar (two people → start arguing) avoir une prise de bec; (→ start fighting) en venir aux mains

➲ set up

1 separable transitive verb

(a) (install → equipment, computer) installer; (→ roadblock) installer, disposer; (→ experiment) préparer;

∎ everything's set up for the show tout est préparé ou prêt pour le spectacle;

∎ set the chairs up in a circle mettez ou disposez les chaises en cercle;

∎ he set the chessboard up il a disposé les pièces sur l'échiquier;

∎ the equation sets up a relation between the two variables l'équation établit un rapport entre les deux variables;

∎ the system wasn't set up to handle so many users le système n'était pas conçu pour gérer autant d'usagers;

∎ he set the situation up so she couldn't refuse il a arrangé la situation de telle manière qu'elle ne pouvait pas refuser

(b) (erect, build → tent, furniture kit, crane, flagpole) monter; (→ shed, shelter) construire; (→ monument, statue) ériger;

∎ to set up camp installer ou dresser le camp

(c) (start up, institute → business, scholarship) créer; (→ hospital, school) fonder; (→ committee, task force) constituer; (→ system of government, republic) instaurer; (→ programme, review process, system) mettre en place; (→ inquiry) ouvrir; (→ dinner, meeting, appointment) organiser;

∎ to set up house or home s'installer;

∎ they set up house together ils se sont mis en ménage;

∎ to set up a dialogue entamer le dialogue;

∎ you'll be in charge of setting up training programmes vous serez responsable de la mise en place des programmes de formation;

∎ the medical system set up after the war le système médical mis en place après la guerre

(d) (financially, in business → person) installer, établir;

∎ he set his son up in a dry-cleaning business il a acheté à son fils une entreprise de nettoyage à sec;

∎ she could finally set herself up as an accountant elle pourrait enfin s'installer comme comptable;

∎ the money would set him up for life l'argent le mettrait à l'abri du besoin pour le restant de ses jours;

∎ the army set him up as a dictator l'armée l'installa comme dictateur

(e) (provide)

∎ we're well set up with supplies nous sommes bien approvisionnés;

∎ she can set you up with a guide/the necessary papers elle peut vous procurer un guide/les papiers qu'il vous faut;

∎ I can set you up with a girlfriend of mine je peux te présenter à ou te faire rencontrer une de mes copines

(f) (restore energy to) remonter, remettre sur pied;

∎ have a brandy, that'll set you up prends un cognac, ça va te remonter

(g) familiar (frame) monter un coup contre;

∎ she claims she was set up elle prétend qu'elle est victime d'un coup monté;

∎ he was set up as the fall guy on a fait de lui le bouc émissaire^□, il a joué le rôle de bouc émissaire^□

(h) Typography (text) composer

2 intransitive verb

s'installer, s'établir;

∎ he's setting up in the fast-food business il se lance dans la restauration rapide;

∎ to set up on one's own (business) s'installer à son compte; (home) prendre son propre appartement

➲ set upon inseparable transitive verb

(physically or verbally) attaquer, s'en prendre à

Un panorama unique de l'anglais et du français > set
18 set

set [set]

(verb: preterite, past participle set)

1. noun

   a. [of oars, keys, golf clubs, spanners] jeu m ; [of chairs, saucepans, weights] série f ; [of clothes] ensemble m ; [of dishes, plates] service m

• I need two more to make up the set il m'en manque deux pour avoir le jeu complet

• in sets of three par trois

• you can't buy them separately, they're a set vous ne pouvez pas les acheter séparément ils forment un lot

• a set of dining-room furniture un ensemble de salle à manger

• painting set boîte f de peinture

• chess set jeu m d'échecs

   b. (Tennis) set m

   c. also TV set poste m de télévision

   d. ( = group of people) bande f

   e. (British) ( = class) groupe m de niveau

   f. (Cinema) plateau m ; ( = scenery) décor m

• on the set sur le plateau

2. adjective

   a. ( = unchanging) [price, time, purpose] fixe ; [smile, jaw] figé ; [idea] (bien) arrêté ; [lunch] à prix fixe

• set in one's ways routinier

• the set meal le menu

• the set menu le menu

• set phrase expression f figée

   b. ( = prearranged) [time, date] fixé ; [book, subject] au programme

   c. ( = determined)

► to be set on (doing) sth vouloir (faire) qch à tout prix

► to be (dead) set against sth s'opposer (absolument) à qch

   d. ( = ready) prêt

• on your marks, get set, go! à vos marques, prêts, partez !

• to be all set to do sth être prêt à or pour faire qch

3. transitive verb

   a. ( = put) [+ object] placer

• the house is set on a hill la maison est située sur une colline

• his stories, set in the Paris of 1890,... ses histoires, situées dans le Paris de 1890,...

• he set the scheme before the committee il a présenté le projet au comité

• she set a high value on independence elle accordait un grand prix à son indépendance

• we must set the advantages against the disadvantages il faut peser le pour et le contre

   b. ( = adjust) régler ; [+ alarm] mettre

• set your watch to 2pm mettez votre montre à 14 heures

• have you set the alarm clock? est-ce que tu as mis le réveil ?

   c. [+ arm, leg] plâtrer

• to set sb's hair faire une mise en plis à qn

   d. [+ date, deadline, limit] fixer

• let's set a time for the meeting fixons l'heure de la réunion

• he has set a new record il a établi un nouveau record

   e. [+ task, subject] donner ; [+ exam, test] choisir les questions de ; [+ texts] mettre au programme

• I set them a difficult translation je leur ai donné une traduction difficile

• I set him the task of clearing up je l'ai chargé de ranger

   f. ( = cause to be, do, begin) to set sth going mettre qch en marche

• to set sb to do sth faire faire qch à qn

• I set him to work at once je l'ai mis au travail aussitôt

• to set o.s. to do sth entreprendre de faire qch

4. intransitive verb

   a. [sun, moon] se coucher

• the setting sun le soleil couchant

   b. [broken bone, limb] se ressouder ; [jelly, jam, concrete] prendre

   c. ( = start)

► to set to work se mettre au travail

5. compounds

► set-aside noun (European Union) jachère f obligatoire

► set piece noun (in music competition) morceau m imposé ; (Sport) combinaison f calculée

► set point noun (Tennis) balle f de set

► set-to (inf) noun

( = fight) bagarre f ; ( = quarrel) prise f de bec (inf)

► set-top box noun (TV) décodeur m

► set about inseparable transitive verb

   a. ( = begin) se mettre à

• to set about doing sth se mettre à faire qch

   b. ( = attack) attaquer

► set against separable transitive verb

   a. [+ argument, fact] opposer

   b. [+ person] monter contre

► set apart separable transitive verb

[+ person] distinguer

► set aside separable transitive verb

   a. ( = keep) mettre de côté

   b. [+ objection] ignorer ; [+ differences] oublier

► set back separable transitive verb

   a. [+ development, progress, clock] retarder

• the disaster set back the project by ten years le désastre a retardé de dix ans la réalisation du projet

   b. ( = cost) (inf) it set me back £1000 ça m'a coûté 1 000 livres

► set down separable transitive verb

   a. ( = put down) [+ object] poser

   b. ( = record) noter ; [+ rules, guidelines] établir

► set forth

1. intransitive verb

= set off

2. separable transitive verb

[+ idea, plan, opinion] exposer

► set in intransitive verb

[complications, difficulties] survenir

• a reaction set in after the war une réaction s'est amorcée après la guerre

• the rain has set in for the night il va pleuvoir toute la nuit► set off

1. intransitive verb

( = leave) se mettre en route

• to set off on a journey partir en voyage

2. separable transitive verb

   a. [+ bomb] faire exploser ; [+ firework] faire partir ; [+ alarm, riot] déclencher

   b. ( = enhance) mettre en valeur

► set on separable transitive verb

   a. attaquer

   b. ( = order to attack) he set his dogs on us il a lâché ses chiens sur nous

► set out

1. intransitive verb

   a. ( = leave, depart) partir ( in search of à la recherche de)

   b. ( = attempt) he set out to explain why it had happened il a essayé d'expliquer pourquoi cela s'était produit

• to set out to do sth tenter de faire qch

2. separable transitive verb

[+ books, goods] exposer ; [+ chessmen, cakes] disposer ; [+ reasons, ideas] exposer

► set to intransitive verb

( = start) commencer ; ( = start work) s'y mettre (inf)

► set up

1. intransitive verb

( = start business) s'établir

2. separable transitive verb

   a. ( = place in position) mettre en place

• to set up camp établir un camp

   b. [+ organization] fonder ; [+ business, company, fund] créer ; [+ system, procedure] mettre en place ; [+ meeting] organiser

• to set up an inquiry ouvrir une enquête

• to set up house s'installer

• to set up shop s'établir

• to set sb up in business lancer qn dans les affaires

• he's all set up now il est bien lancé maintenant

• I've set it all up for you je vous ai tout installé

   c. ( = pose) I've never set myself up as a scholar je n'ai jamais prétendu être savant

   d. ( = strengthen) [food, drink] mettre d'attaque

   e. ( = equip) munir ( with de)

   f. ( = falsely incriminate) (inf) monter un coup contre

• I've been set up je suis victime d'un coup monté

► set upon inseparable transitive verb se jeter sur

* * *
[set] 1.
noun

1) ( collection) (of keys, spanners, screwdrivers) jeu m; (of golf clubs, stamps, coins, chairs) série f; ( of cutlery) service m; ( of encyclopedias) collection f; fig (of data, rules, instructions, tests) série f

a new set of clothes — des vêtements neufs

they're sold in sets of 10 — ils sont vendus par lots mpl de 10

a set of fingerprints — des empreintes fpl digitales

a set of traffic lights — des feux mpl (de signalisation)

2) (kit, game)

a chess set — un jeu d'échecs

a magic set — une mallette de magie

3) ( pair)

a set of sheets — une paire de draps

a set of footprints — l'empreinte des deux pieds

a set of false teeth — un dentier

my top/bottom set — ( of false teeth) la partie supérieure/inférieure de mon dentier

one set of grandparents lives in Canada — deux de mes grands-parents habitent au Canada

both sets of parents agreed with us — ses parents comme les miens étaient d'accord avec nous

4) Sport ( in tennis) set m

5) ( television) poste m

6) ( group) ( social) monde m; ( sporting) milieu m

the smart ou fashionable set — les gens mpl à la mode

7) ( scenery) Theatre décor m; Cinema, Television plateau m

8) Mathematics ensemble m

9) GB School (class, group) groupe m

10) ( hair-do) mise f en plis

to have a shampoo and set — se faire faire un shampooing et une mise en plis
2.
adjective

1) ( fixed) (épith) [procedure, rule, task] bien déterminé; [time, price] fixe; [menu] à prix fixe; [formula] toute faite; [idea] arrêté

I had no set purpose — je n'avais pas d'objectif précis

set phrase — expression f consacrée

set expression — locution f figée

to be set in one's ideas ou opinions — avoir des idées bien arrêtées

to be set in one's ways — avoir ses habitudes

the weather is set fair — le temps est au beau fixe

2) ( stiff) [expression, smile] figé

3) School, University ( prescribed)

there are five set topics on the history syllabus — il y a cinq sujets au programme d'histoire

4) ( ready) prêt ( for pour)

to be (all) set to leave — être prêt à partir

5) ( determined)

to be (dead) set against something/doing — être tout à fait contre quelque chose/l'idée de faire

he's really set against my resigning — il est tout à fait contre ma démission

to be set on something/on doing — tenir absolument à quelque chose/à faire

6) ( firm) [jam, honey] épais/épaisse; [cement] dur; [yoghurt] ferme
3.
transitive verb (p prés - tt-; prét, pp set)

1) (place, position) placer [object]; monter [gem]

to set something before somebody — lit placer quelque chose devant quelqu'un; fig présenter quelque chose à quelqu'un

to set something in the ground — enfoncer quelque chose dans le sol

to set something into something — encastrer quelque chose dans quelque chose

to set something straight — lit ( align) remettre quelque chose droit [painting]; fig ( tidy) remettre de l'ordre dans quelque chose

to set something upright — redresser quelque chose

a house set among the trees — une maison située au milieu des arbres

to set matters ou the record straight — fig mettre les choses au point

his eyes are set very close together — ses yeux sont très rapprochés

2) ( prepare) mettre [table]; tendre [trap]

set three places — mets trois couverts

to set the stage ou scene for something — fig préparer le lieu de quelque chose

the stage is set for the final — tout est prêt pour la finale

to set one's mark ou stamp on something — laisser sa marque sur quelque chose

3) (affix, establish) fixer [date, deadline, place, price, target]; lancer [fashion, trend]; donner [tone]; établir [precedent, record]

to set a good/bad example to somebody — montrer le bon/mauvais exemple à quelqu'un

to set one's sights on — viser

4) ( adjust) mettre [quelque chose] à l'heure [clock]; mettre [alarm clock, burglar alarm, timer]; programmer [magnétoscope]

to set the oven to 180° — mettre le four sur 180°

to set the video to record the film — programmer le magnétoscope pour enregistrer le film

set your watch by mine — règle ta montre sur la mienne

I set the heating to come on at 6 am — j'ai réglé le chauffage pour qu'il se mette en route à six heures

5) ( start)

to set something going — mettre quelque chose en marche [machine]

to set somebody laughing/thinking — faire rire/réfléchir quelqu'un

to set somebody to work doing — charger quelqu'un de faire

6) (impose, prescribe) [teacher] donner [homework, essay]; poser [problem]; créer [crossword puzzle]

to set an exam — préparer les sujets d'examen

to set a book for study — mettre un texte au programme

to set somebody the task of doing — charger quelqu'un de faire

7) Cinema, Literature, Theatre, Television situer

to set a book in 1960/New York — situer un roman en 1960/à New York

the film is set in Munich — le film se passe à Munich

8) Music

to set something to music — mettre quelque chose en musique

9) ( in printing) composer [text, type] (in en)

10) Medicine immobiliser [broken bone]

11) ( style)

to set somebody's hair — faire une mise en plis à quelqu'un

to have one's hair set — se faire faire une mise en plis

12) ( cause to harden) faire prendre [jam, concrete]
4.
intransitive verb (p prés - tt-; prét, pp set)

1) [sun] se coucher

2) [jam, concrete] prendre; [glue] sécher

3) Medicine [fracture] se ressouder

•

Phrasal Verbs:

- set about

- set against

- set apart

- set aside

- set back

- set by

- set down

- set forth

- set in

- set off

- set on

- set out

- set to

- set up

- set upon

••

to be well set-up — (colloq) ( financially) avoir les moyens (colloq)

to make a (dead) set at somebody — (colloq) GB se lancer à la tête de quelqu'un (colloq)

English-French dictionary > set
19 go

[gəʊ, Am goʊ] vi <goes, went, gone>

1)

( proceed) gehen; vehicle, train fahren; plane fliegen;

don't \go any closer - that animal is dangerous geh' nicht näher ran - das Tier ist gefährlich;

the bus \goes from Vaihingen to Sillenbuch der Bus verkehrt zwischen Vaihingen und Sillenbuch;

a shiver went down my spine mir fuhr ein Schauer über den Rücken;

you \go first! geh du zuerst!;

you \go next du bist als Nächste(r) dran!;

hey, I \go now he, jetzt bin ich dran! ( fam)

the doll \goes everywhere with him die Puppe nimmt er überallhin mit;

drive to the end of the road, \go left, and... fahren Sie die Straße bis zum Ende entlang, biegen Sie dann links ab und...;

\go south till you get to the coast halte dich südlich, bis du zur Küste kommst;

we have a long way to \go wir haben noch einen weiten Weg vor uns;

we've completed all of our goals - where do we \go from here? wir haben all unsere Ziele erreicht - wie geht es jetzt weiter?;

the train hooted as it went into the tunnel der Zug pfiff, als er in den Tunnel einfuhr;

who \goes there? wer da?;

( to dog)

\go fetch it! hol'!;

to \go towards sb/ sth auf jdn/etw zugehen;

to \go home nach Hause gehen;

to \go to hospital/ a party/ prison/ the toilet ins Krankenhaus/auf eine Party/ins Gefängnis/auf die Toilette gehen;

to \go across to the pub rüber in die Kneipe gehen ( fam)

to \go to sea zur See gehen ( fam)

to \go across the street über die Straße gehen;

to \go aboard/ ashore an Bord/Land gehen;

to \go below nach unten gehen;

to \go below deck unter Deck gehen;

to \go downhill (a. fig) bergab gehen;

to have it far to \go es weit haben;

to \go offstage [von der Bühne] abgehen;

to \go round sich akk drehen

2) (in order to [get])

could you \go into the kitchen and get me something to drink, please? könntest du bitte in die Küche gehen und mir was zu trinken holen?;

would you \go and get me some things from the supermarket? würdest du mir ein paar Sachen vom Supermarkt mitbringen?;

I just want to \go and have a look at that antique shop over there ich möchte nur schnell einen Blick in das Antiquitätengeschäft da drüben werfen;

would you wait for me while I \go and fetch my coat? wartest du kurz auf mich, während ich meinen Mantel hole?;

I'll just \go and put my shoes on ich ziehe mir nur schnell die Schuhe an;

\go and wash your hands geh und wasch deine Hände;

she's gone to meet Brian at the station sie ist Brian vom Bahnhof abholen gegangen;

to \go and get some fresh air frische Luft schnappen gehen;

to \go to see sb jdn aufsuchen

3) ( travel) reisen;

have you ever gone to Africa before? warst du schon einmal in Afrika?;

to \go by bike/ car/ coach/ train mit dem Fahrrad/Auto/Bus/Zug fahren;

to \go on a cruise eine Kreuzfahrt machen;

to \go on [a] holiday in Urlaub gehen;

to \go to Italy nach Italien fahren;

last year I went to Spain letztes Jahr war ich in Spanien;

to \go on a journey verreisen, eine Reise machen;

to \go by plane fliegen;

to \go on a trip eine Reise machen;

to \go abroad ins Ausland gehen

4) ( disappear) stain, keys verschwinden;

where have my keys gone? wo sind meine Schlüssel hin?;

ah, my tummy ache is gone! ah, meine Bauchschmerzen sind weg!;

I really don't know where all my money \goes ich weiß auch nicht, wo mein ganzes Geld hinverschwindet!;

half of my salary \goes on rent die Hälfte meines Gehaltes geht für die Miete drauf;

gone are the days when... vorbei sind die Zeiten, wo...;

here \goes my free weekend... das war's dann mit meinem freien Wochenende...;

all his money \goes on his car er steckt sein ganzes Geld in sein Auto;

there \goes another one! und wieder eine/einer weniger!;

hundreds of jobs will \go das wird Hunderte von Arbeitsplätzen kosten;

the president will have to \go der Präsident wird seinen Hut nehmen müssen;

that cat will have to \go die Katze muss verschwinden!;

all hope has gone jegliche Hoffnung ist geschwunden;

to \go adrift naut abtreiben, wegtreiben; ( fig) gestohlen werden;

one of my books has gone adrift from my desk eines meiner Bücher ist von meinem Schreibtisch verschwunden;

to \go missing (Brit, Aus) verschwinden

5) ( leave) gehen;

we have to \go now [or it's time to \go] wir müssen jetzt gehen;

I must be \going ich muss jetzt allmählich gehen;

has she gone yet? ist sie noch da?;

the bus has gone der Bus ist schon weg (old);

be gone! hinweg mit dir veraltet;

to let sth/sb \go, to let \go of sth/sb etw/jdn loslassen

6) (do)

to \go biking/ jogging/ shopping/swimming etc. Rad fahren/joggen/einkaufen/schwimmen etc. gehen;

to \go looking for sb/ sth jdn/etw suchen gehen;

if you \go telling all my secrets,... wenn du hergehst und alle meine Geheimnisse ausplauderst,...;

don't you dare \go crying to your mum about this untersteh dich, deswegen heulend zu deiner Mama zu laufen

7) ( attend)

to \go to church/ a concert in die Kirche/ins Konzert gehen;

to \go to the cinema [or (Am) a movie] [or ( Brit) ( fam) the pictures] ins Kino gehen;

to \go to the doctor zum Arzt gehen;

to \go to kindergarten/ school/ university in den Kindergarten/in die Schule/auf die Universität gehen;

to \go on a pilgrimage auf Pilgerfahrt gehen

8) ( answer)

I'll \go ( phone) ich geh' ran;

( door) ich mach' auf

9) (dress [up])

to \go as sth witch, pirate als etw gehen;

what shall I \go in? als was soll ich gehen?

10) + adj ( become) werden;

the line has gone dead die Leitung ist tot;

the milk's gone sour die Milch ist sauer;

the tyre has gone flat der Reifen ist platt;

my mind suddenly went blank ich hatte plötzlich wie ein Brett vorm Kopf (sl)

I always \go red when I'm embarrassed ich werde immer rot, wenn mir etwas peinlich ist;

he described the new regulations as bureaucracy gone mad er bezeichnete die neuen Bestimmungen als Ausgeburt einer wild gewordenen Bürokratie;

I went cold mir wurde kalt;

she's gone Communist sie ist jetzt Kommunistin;

he's gone all environmental er macht jetzt voll auf Öko ( fam)

to \go bad food schlecht werden;

to \go bald/ grey kahl/grau werden;

to \go bankrupt bankrottgehen;

to \go haywire ( out of control) außer Kontrolle geraten;

( malfunction) verrückt spielen ( fam)

to \go public an die Öffentlichkeit treten; stockex an die Börse gehen;

to \go to sleep einschlafen

11) + adj (be) sein;

to \go hungry hungern;

to \go thirsty dursten;

to \go unmentioned/ unnoticed/ unsolved unerwähnt/unbemerkt/ungelöst bleiben

12) ( turn out) gehen;

how did your party \go? und, wie war deine Party?;

how's your thesis \going? was macht deine Doktorarbeit?;

how are things \going? und, wie läuft's? ( fam)

if everything \goes well... wenn alles gut geht...;

things have gone well es ist gut gelaufen;

the way things \go wie das halt so geht;

the way things are \going at the moment... so wie es im Moment aussieht...;

to \go like a bomb ein Bombenerfolg sein ( fam)

to \go according to plan nach Plan laufen;

to \go from bad to worse vom Regen in die Traufe kommen;

to \go against/ for sb election zu jds Ungunsten pl /Gunsten pl ausgehen;

to \go wrong schiefgehen ( fam), schieflaufen ( fam)

13) ( pass) vergehen, verstreichen;

time seems to \go faster as you get older die Zeit scheint schneller zu vergehen, wenn man älter wird;

only two days to \go... nur noch zwei Tage...;

one week to \go till Christmas noch eine Woche bis Weihnachten;

in days gone by in längst vergangenen Zeiten;

two exams down, one to \go zwei Prüfungen sind schon geschafft, jetzt noch eine, dann ist es geschafft!;

I've three years to \go before I can retire mir fehlen noch drei Jahre bis zur Rente!

14) ( begin) anfangen;

ready to \go? bist du bereit?;

one, two, three, \go! eins, zwei, drei, los!;

we really must get \going with these proposals wir müssen uns jetzt echt an diese Konzepte setzen;

let's \go! los!;

here \goes! jetzt geht's los!

15) ( fail) kaputtgehen; hearing, health, memory nachlassen; rope reißen;

our computer is \going unser Computer gibt seinen Geist auf ( hum) ( fam)

my jeans is gone at the knees meine Jeans ist an den Knien durchgescheuert;

her mind is \going sie baut geistig ganz schön ab! ( fam)

16) ( die) sterben;

she went peacefully in her sleep sie starb friedlich im Schlaf

17) ( belong) hingehören;

I'll put it away if you tell me where it \goes ich räum's weg, wenn du mir sagst, wo es hingehört;

the silverware \goes in the drawer over there das Silber kommt in die Schublade da drüben;

those tools \go in the garage diese Werkzeuge gehören in die Garage;

that is to \go into my account das kommt auf mein Konto;

where do you want that to \go? wo soll das hin?;

that \goes under a different chapter das gehört in ein anderes Kapitel

18) ( be awarded)

to \go to sb prize, house an jdn gehen; property auf jdn übergehen ( geh)

Manchester went to Labour Manchester ging an Labour

19) ( lead) road führen;

where does this trail \go? wohin führt dieser Pfad?

20) ( extend) gehen;

the meadow \goes all the way down to the road die Weide erstreckt sich bis hinunter zur Straße;

your idea is good enough, as far as it \goes... deine Idee ist so weit ganz gut,...;

the numbers on the paper \go from 1 to 10 die Nummern auf dem Blatt gehen von 1 bis 10

21) ( in auction) gehen;

I'll \go as high as £200 ich gehe bis zu 200 Pfund

22) ( function) watch gehen; machine laufen;

our business has been \going for twenty years unser Geschäft läuft seit zwanzig Jahren;

I'm not saying anything as long as the tape recorder is \going ich sage gar nichts, solange das Tonbandgerät läuft;

to \go slow econ einen Bummelstreik machen; watch nachgehen;

to get sth \going [or to \go] [or to make sth \go] etw in Gang bringen;

to get a party \going eine Party in Fahrt bringen;

to get [or set] sb \going jdn in Fahrt bringen;

to keep \going person weitermachen; car weiterfahren;

come on! keep \going! ja, weiter! ( fam)

to keep sth \going etw in Gang halten; factory in Betrieb halten;

to keep a conversation \going eine Unterhaltung am Laufen halten;

to keep a fire \going ein Feuer am Brennen halten;

that thought kept me \going dieser Gedanke ließ mich durchhalten;

here's some food to keep you \going hier hast du erst mal was zu essen

23) ( have recourse) gehen;

to \go to court over sth wegen einer S. gen vor Gericht gehen;

to \go to the police zur Polizei gehen;

to \go to war in den Krieg ziehen

24) (match, be in accordance)

to \go [with sth] [zu etw dat] passen;

these two colours don't \go diese beiden Farben beißen sich;

to \go against logic unlogisch sein;

to \go against one's principles gegen jds Prinzipien pl verstoßen

25) ( fit)

five \goes into ten two times [or five into ten \goes twice] fünf geht zweimal in zehn;

do you think all these things will \go into our little suitcase? glaubst du, das ganze Zeug wird in unseren kleinen Koffer passen? ( fam)

26) ( be sold) weggehen ( fam)

\going, \going, gone! zum Ersten, zum Zweiten, [und] zum Dritten!;

pocketbooks are \going for $10 for the next two days in den nächsten zwei Tagen sind die Taschenbücher für 10 Dollar zu haben;

to \go to sb an jdn gehen;

to \go like hot cakes weggehen wie warme Semmeln ( fam)

to be \going cheap billig zu haben sein

27) (serve, contribute)

to \go [to sth] [zu etw dat] beitragen;

the money will \go to the victims of the earthquake das Geld ist für die Erdbebenopfer bestimmt;

this will \go towards your holiday das [Geld] ist für deinen Urlaub bestimmt;

your daughter's attitude only \goes to prove how much... die Einstellung deiner Tochter zeigt einmal mehr, wie sehr...

28) ( move) machen;

when I \go like this, my hand hurts wenn ich so mache, tut meine Hand weh;

\go like this with your hand to show that... mach so mit deiner Hand, um zu zeigen, dass...

29) ( sound) machen;

I think I heard the doorbell \go just now ich glaube, es hat gerade geklingelt;

there \goes the bell es klingelt;

ducks \go ‘quack’ Enten machen „quack“;

with sirens \going ambulance mit heulender Sirene

30) ( accepted)

anything \goes alles ist erlaubt;

that \goes for all of you das gilt für euch alle!

31) (be told, sung) gehen; title, theory lauten;

I can never remember how that song \goes ich weiß nie, wie dieses Lied geht;

the story \goes that... es heißt, dass...;

the rumour \goes that... es geht das Gerücht, dass...

32) ( compared to)

as hospitals/things \go verglichen mit anderen Krankenhäusern/Dingen;

as things \go today it wasn't that expensive für heutige Verhältnisse war es gar nicht so teuer

33) (fam: use the toilet)

I really have to \go ich muss ganz dringend mal! ( fam)

34) (fam: expressing annoyance)

I've gone and lost my earring ich habe meinen Ohrring verloren;

you've really gone and done it now! jetzt hast du aber was Schönes angerichtet! ( iron) (pej!)

\go to hell! geh [o scher dich] zum Teufel! ( fam)

35) (Am) ( in restaurant)

do you want that pizza here or to \go? möchten Sie die Pizza hier essen oder mitnehmen?;

(Am)

I'd like a cheeseburger to \go, please ich hätte gerne einen Cheeseburger zum Mitnehmen

36) ( available)

is there any beer \going? gibt es Bier?;

I'll have whatever is \going ich nehme das, was gerade da ist

37) (fam: treat)

to \go easy on sb jdn schonend behandeln, jdn glimpflich davonkommen lassen

PHRASES:

to \go halves on sth sich dat etw je zur Hälfte teilen;

\go [and] take a running jump! mach bloß, dass du abhaust! ( fam)

to \go all out to do sth alles daransetzen, etw zu tun;

to \go Dutch getrennt zahlen;

easy come, easy \go (\go) wie gewonnen, so zerronnen ( prov)

\go [and] get stuffed! ( fam) du kannst mich mal! ( fam)

here we \go again ( fam) jetzt geht das wieder los! ( fam)

there you \go bitte schön!;

( told you so) sag ich's doch! ( fam)

there he \goes again ( fam) jetzt fängt er schon wieder damit an! ( fam)

don't \go there ( fam) lass dich nicht darauf ein;

that \goes without saying das versteht sich von selbst aux vb future tense

to be \going to do sth etw tun werden;

we are \going to have a party tomorrow wir geben morgen eine Party;

he was \going to phone me this morning er wollte mich heute Morgen anrufen;

isn't she \going to accept the job after all? nimmt sie den Job nun doch nicht an? vt <goes, went, gone>

1) ( esp Am) ( travel)

to \go sth a route, a highway etw nehmen

2) (fam: say)

to \go sth;

she \goes to me: I never want to see you again! sie sagt zu mir: ich will dich nie wieder sehen!

3) cards

to \go sth etw reizen;

to \go nap die höchste Zahl von Stichen ansagen

4) ( Brit) ( like)

to not \go much on sth sich dat nicht viel aus etw dat machen

5) ( become)

to \go sth;

my mind went a complete blank ich hatte voll ein Brett vorm Kopf! ( fam)

PHRASES:

to \go nap alles auf eine Karte setzen;

to \go a long way lange [vor]halten;

sb will \go a long way jd wird es weit bringen;

to \go it alone etw im Alleingang tun;

to \go it some es laufen lassen ( fam)

to \go it ( fam) es toll treiben ( fam) ( move quickly) ein tolles Tempo drauf haben;

( work hard) sich akk reinknien n

pl - es>

1) ( turn)

I'll have a \go at driving if you're tired ich kann dich mit dem Fahren ablösen, wenn du müde bist ( fam)

you've had your \go already! du warst schon dran!;

hey, it's Ken's \go now he, jetzt ist Ken dran;

can I have a \go? darf ich mal?;

to miss one \go einmal aussetzen;

( not voluntarily) einmal übersprungen werden

2) ( attempt) Versuch m;

have a \go! versuch' es doch einfach mal! ( fam)

at one \go auf einen Schlag;

( drink) in einem Zug ( fam)

all in one \go alle[s] auf einmal;

at the first \go auf Anhieb;

to give sth a \go etw versuchen;

to have a \go at sb ( criticize) jdn runtermachen ( fam) ( attack) über jdn herfallen;

his boss had a \go at him about his appearance sein Chef hat sich ihn wegen seines Äußeren vorgeknöpft ( fam)

members of the public are strongly advised not to have a \go at this man die Öffentlichkeit wird eindringlich davor gewarnt, etwas gegen diesen Mann zu unternehmen;

to have a \go at doing sth versuchen, etw zu tun;

to have several \goes at sth für etw akk mehrere Anläufe nehmen

3) no pl ( energy) Antrieb m, Elan m;

to be full of \go voller Elan sein

4) ( esp Brit) (fam: dose) Anfall m;

she had such a bad \go of the flu that she took a week off from work sie hatte so eine schlimme Grippe, dass sie sich eine Woche freinahm

5) (fam: lots of activity)

it's all \go here hier ist immer was los ( fam)

it's all \go and no relaxing on those bus tours auf diesen Busfahrten wird nur gehetzt und man kommt nie zum Ausruhen ( fam)

I've got two projects on the \go at the moment ich habe momentan zwei Projekte gleichzeitig laufen;

to be on the \go [ständig] auf Trab sein;

I've been on the \go all day long ich war den ganzen Tag auf Achse ( fam)

to keep sb on the \go jdn auf Trab halten ( fam)

PHRASES:

from the word \go von Anfang an;

to be all the \go ( Brit) (dated) ( fam) der letzte Schrei sein;

that was a near \go das war knapp;

to make a \go of sth mit etw dat Erfolg haben;

she's making a \go of her new antique shop ihr neues Antiquitätengeschäft ist ein voller Erfolg ( fam)

to be touch and \go auf der Kippe stehen ( fam)

it's no \go da ist nichts zu machen adj

pred, inv [start]klar, in Ordnung;

all systems [are] \go alles klar;

all systems \go, take-off in t minus 10 alle Systeme zeigen grün, Start in t minus 10

English-German students dictionary > go
20 починати

= почати

to begin, to start; ( справу) to commence, to set up; to set on foot, to initiate; ( роботу) to fall (to), to launch, to put one's hand (to)

починати війну — to levy war (upon, against)

починати дії — to start operations; to open ground, to open the ball

починати діяти — to begin to work; ( вступати в дію) to take action, to come into play; (про ліки, заходи) to take effect

починати все спочатку — to start afresh ( anew)

починати з абзацу — to indent a line, to begin a new line, to begin a ( new) paragraph

починати з чогось — to begin with smth.

починати кампанію — to start (to open, to launch) a campaign

починати з початку — to begin at the beginning

починати операцію — to initiate an operation

починати переговори — to approach

починати пісню — to start a song; to strike up

починати процес — to process

починати розмову — to begin (to start, to lead off) a conversation

починати світитися тех. — to ignite

починати сеанс зв'язку — to sign on

успішно починати — to make a good start

почати пити — to take to drink

починай! — fire away!

Українсько-англійський словник > починати

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to begin a war against

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Словари и энциклопедии на Академике

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to begin a war against

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